Anelasticity In The Earth

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Anelasticity in the Earth

Author : Frank D. Stacey
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Anelasticity in the Earth by : Frank D. Stacey

Download or read book Anelasticity in the Earth written by Frank D. Stacey and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geodynamics Series, Volume 4. The fact that the materials in the solid parts of the Earth depart from perfectly elastic behaviour is now central to fundamental geophysical studies. Slow deformation (creep) by the processes of mantle convection has been widely recognised for about 25 years; it has been realised for much longer that seismic waves are attenuated but more recently there has developed a general if vague awareness of a probable correlation between high attenuation and low resistance to creep and in the last few years seismic attenuation has received much greater attention because it implies a first order dispersion of body waves (frequency dependence of elasticity).

Anelastic Properties of the Earth

Author : Robert B. Gordon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (464 download)

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Book Synopsis Anelastic Properties of the Earth by : Robert B. Gordon

Download or read book Anelastic Properties of the Earth written by Robert B. Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Known mechanisms of internal friction in crystalline materials are examined to find which are likely sources of seismic attenuation in the earth's mantle. Presently available laboratory data on rocks are not useful for this purpose because of the low temperatures and pressures at which they have been determined but experiments on sintered oxides indicate the important damping mechanisms at high temperature. The sorces of seismic attenuation in the order of their probable importance are viscous grain boundary damping, stress-induced ordering, and dislocation damping. If any parts of the mantle are partially melted, stress-induced flow of fluid through intergranular channels may also cause attenuation. These damping mechanisms characteristically result in internal friction showing a strong frequency dependence. Scattering is almost certainly not an important source of seismic attenuation. The variation with depth of internal friction due to a thermally activated relaxation mechanism is found and it is shown that such a source of internal friction can account for existing data on the anelasticity of the earth. The low attenuation observed at depths below about 500 km can result from the effect of pressure in decreasing atomic mobility; the observed attenuation decrease is therefore not in itself evidence of a phase change. The relation between damping and the strength of the mantle is developed and it is shown that seismic attenuation data do not put useful bounds on this quantity. (Author).

Rheology of the Earth

Author : Giorgio Ranalli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780412546709
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (467 download)

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Book Synopsis Rheology of the Earth by : Giorgio Ranalli

Download or read book Rheology of the Earth written by Giorgio Ranalli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-05-31 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with basic principles, this advanced text gives a complete treatment of deformation and flow of earth materials from both the continuum mechanics and the microphysical viewpoints. It covers the role and consequences of rheological processes in geophysics and geodynamics in a quantitative and authoritative manner. The second edition of this successful text: provides the only unified treatment of the rheology of the Earth at this level, making it useful to students and researchers alike; includes discussions of seismology, mantle convection and plate tectonics; is completely up to date, providing a much needed account of thermal and mechanical processes in geodynamics.

The Effects of Mantle Anelasticity on Nutations, Earth Tides, and Tidal Variations in Rotation Rate

Author : John Matthew Wahr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (733 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Mantle Anelasticity on Nutations, Earth Tides, and Tidal Variations in Rotation Rate by : John Matthew Wahr

Download or read book The Effects of Mantle Anelasticity on Nutations, Earth Tides, and Tidal Variations in Rotation Rate written by John Matthew Wahr and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper models the effects of mantle anelasticity on luni-solar nutations, on tidal deformation, on tidal variations in rotation rate, and on the eigenfrequency of the free core nutation. The results can be used to invert observations to solve for the anelastic contributions to the shear and bulk moduli of the upper and lower mantle. Specific anelastic models are used to numerically estimate the effects of anelasticity on these geodetic observables. The nutation estimates are compared with observational results. Among the conclusions: (1) mantle anelasticity is likely to be the most important source of damping for the free core nutation; (2) present VLBI nutation results are, in principle, accurate enough to usefully bound anelasticity at diurnal periods. But the discrepancy between the VLBI observed nutations and the 1984 IAU nutation model cannot be explained by anelasticity and is not yet well enough understood to allow anelasticity to be determined from the data.

Three-dimensional Anelastic Structure of Earth

Author : Joydeep Bhattacharyya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Anelastic Structure of Earth by : Joydeep Bhattacharyya

Download or read book Three-dimensional Anelastic Structure of Earth written by Joydeep Bhattacharyya and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Some Effects of Anelasticity on Nutations, Love Numbers, and Radial Modes of the Earth

Author : Zachary Dale Bergen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis Some Effects of Anelasticity on Nutations, Love Numbers, and Radial Modes of the Earth by : Zachary Dale Bergen

Download or read book Some Effects of Anelasticity on Nutations, Love Numbers, and Radial Modes of the Earth written by Zachary Dale Bergen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Variations in Earth Rotation

Author : Dennis D. McCarthy
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 : 0875904599
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (759 download)

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Book Synopsis Variations in Earth Rotation by : Dennis D. McCarthy

Download or read book Variations in Earth Rotation written by Dennis D. McCarthy and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1990 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 59. As part of the Nineteenth General Assembly of The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Symposium (IUGG) in Vancouver, Canada, Union Symposium U4, "Variations in Earth Rotation" was held August 18-19 1987. The Convenor was Dennis D. McCarthy, U.S. Naval Observatory with P. Paquet, Observatoire Royal de Belgique and M. G. Rochester, St. Johns University serving as co-convernors. In a session on internal structure of the Earth papers dealt with the geophysical effects on Earth rotation parameters. Mantle anelasticity increases the free core nutation (FCN) period by a few days. The period of the FCN and the amplitudes of the main nutation components are sensitive to the ellipticity of the core?]mantle boundary (CMB), and a non-hydrostatic increase of 400m in the flattening of the CMB is a possible explanation of the discrepancies from theory. An alternative suggestion rests on the subseismic description of the nutation spectrum of the stratified liquid core. Evidently new models will have to take into account contributions from the oceans, mantle anelasticity, non-hydrostatic pre-stress, CMB topography and internal core structure.

Precession, Nutation and Wobble of the Earth

Author : V. Dehant
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110709254X
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Precession, Nutation and Wobble of the Earth by : V. Dehant

Download or read book Precession, Nutation and Wobble of the Earth written by V. Dehant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how changes in the Earth's orientation are observed and computed in terms of tidal forcing and models of the Earth's interior.

The Earth's Crust

Author : John G. Heacock
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 : 0875900208
Total Pages : 755 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (759 download)

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Book Synopsis The Earth's Crust by : John G. Heacock

Download or read book The Earth's Crust written by John G. Heacock and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1977 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Earth's Core

Author : John A. Jacobs
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080959806
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Earth's Core by : John A. Jacobs

Download or read book The Earth's Core written by John A. Jacobs and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1987-04-29 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's Core, Second Edition is a six-chapter book that begins with the general physical properties of the Earth, with emphasis on the core-mantle boundary. This edition discusses the accretion mechanism, heat sources in the early Earth, time of core formation, thermal regime of the Earth, melting-point depth curves, and thermal consequences of iron-alloy core. Subsequent chapters focus on reversals of the Earth's magnetic field; the energetics and the constitution of the Earth's core; and the cores of the Moon and other planets. The role of the Earth's core is vital to the understanding of many geophysical phenomena. It is the seat of the Earth's magnetic field and is responsible as well to some variations in the length of the day.

Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 3

Author : Tom Herring
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444535799
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 3 by : Tom Herring

Download or read book Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 3 written by Tom Herring and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-04-20 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geodesy, which is the science of measuring the size and shape of the Earth, explores the theory, instrumentation and results from modern geodetic systems. The beginning sections of the volume cover the theory of the Earth's gravity field, the instrumentation for measuring the field, and its temporal variations. The measurements and results obtained from variations in the rotation of the Earth are covered in the sections on short and long period rotation hanges. Space based geodetic methods, including the global positioning system (GPS) and Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR), are also examined in detail. - Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail - Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research - Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding - Content suited for both the expert and non-expert

Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics

Author : Harsh Gupta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 904818701X
Total Pages : 1579 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics by : Harsh Gupta

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics written by Harsh Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 1579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have witnessed the growth of the Earth Sciences in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the planet that we live on. This development addresses the challenging endeavor to enrich human lives with the bounties of Nature as well as to preserve the planet for the generations to come. Solid Earth Geophysics aspires to define and quantify the internal structure and processes of the Earth in terms of the principles of physics and forms the intrinsic framework, which other allied disciplines utilize for more specific investigations. The first edition of the Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics was published in 1989 by Van Nostrand Reinhold publishing company. More than two decades later, this new volume, edited by Prof. Harsh K. Gupta, represents a thoroughly revised and expanded reference work. It brings together more than 200 articles covering established and new concepts of Geophysics across the various sub-disciplines such as Gravity, Geodesy, Geomagnetism, Seismology, Seismics, Deep Earth Processes, Plate Tectonics, Thermal Domains, Computational Methods, etc. in a systematic and consistent format and standard. It is an authoritative and current reference source with extraordinary width of scope. It draws its unique strength from the expert contributions of editors and authors across the globe. It is designed to serve as a valuable and cherished source of information for current and future generations of professionals.

Upper Mantle Heterogeneities from Active and Passive Seismology

Author : K. Fuchs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401589798
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Upper Mantle Heterogeneities from Active and Passive Seismology by : K. Fuchs

Download or read book Upper Mantle Heterogeneities from Active and Passive Seismology written by K. Fuchs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 600 km giving insight into the 3D structure of the upper mantle. These data are confronted with the requirements of the CTBT for 3D regional seismic models of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system. The two primary purposes of the present work are, first, to present these seismic observations on super long-range profiles in digitised format, using peaceful nuclear explosions (PNE) in the former USSR, and, second, to present the joint thoughts of experts from the deep seismic sounding (DSS) and the comprehensive test ban treaty (CTBT) communities. Implications for petrological and other earth science disciplines are presented. Audience: The CTBT community and earth scientists interested in the 3D structure of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system.

Tectonic Consequences of the Earth's Rotation

Author : Robert C. Bostrom
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195090284
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Tectonic Consequences of the Earth's Rotation by : Robert C. Bostrom

Download or read book Tectonic Consequences of the Earth's Rotation written by Robert C. Bostrom and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the cumulative evidence suggesting that a connection may exist between the Earth's rotation and geotectonics. Among other benefits, such a connection may assist in deciphering the flow of the Earth's mantle.

The Earth’s Density

Author : K. E. Bullen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400957009
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Earth’s Density by : K. E. Bullen

Download or read book The Earth’s Density written by K. E. Bullen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book attempts to draw together the various strands of evidence that have led to present knowledge of the distribution of density throughout the interior of the Earth. Details are also given of other properties with which the density is closely linked, including pressure, compressibility and compression, rigidity, seismic velocities, Poisson's ratio and gravitational intensity. Questions of thermodynamics and chemical composition and phase enter discussions where they bear more or less sharply on the density determination; but the book does not purport to be a comprehensive text on the Earth's internal tem perature distribution and composition. The density distributions of other planets are discussed. The quest for clues on the Earth's internal densities has long been an exciting one, and an aim of the book is to present a developing story which has fascinated the author over much of his worl(ing life. The early chapters refer to key developments from ancient times to around 1930. The later chapters recount, in greater detail, develop ments since 1930. The stage has now been reached where numerous published papers bearing on the Earth's density seem to do little more than fidget around the resolving power of long accumulated observational data. So the present seems an appropriate time to try to put some perspec tive into the story. Of course, the story will never be quite finished: in describing the interior of the Earth, there will always be extra decimal places to add as further significant evidence arises.

Seismology and Structure of the Earth

Author : Barbara Romanowicz
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444535756
Total Pages : 873 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismology and Structure of the Earth by : Barbara Romanowicz

Download or read book Seismology and Structure of the Earth written by Barbara Romanowicz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-04-20 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics: Seismology and Structure of the Earth, Volume 1, provides a comprehensive review of the state of knowledge on the Earths structure and earthquakes. It addresses various aspects of structural seismology and its applications to other fields of Earth sciences. The book is organized into four parts. The first part principally covers theoretical developments and seismic data analysis techniques from the end of the nineteenth century until the present, with the main emphasis on the development of instrumentation and its deployment. The second part reviews the status of knowledge on the structure of the Earths shallow layers, starting with a global review of the Earth's crustal structure. The third part focuses on the Earth's deep structure, divided into its main units: the upper mantle, the transition zone and upper-mantle discontinuities, the D region at the base of the mantle, and the Earth's core. The fourth part comprises two chapters which discuss constraints on Earth structure from fields other than seismology: mineral physics and geodynamics. - Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail - Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research - Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding - Content suited for both the expert and non-expert

Earth's Core

Author : Vernon F. Cormier
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128113871
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Earth's Core by : Vernon F. Cormier

Download or read book Earth's Core written by Vernon F. Cormier and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-04 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth's Core: Geophysics of a Planet's Deepest Interior provides a multidisciplinary approach to Earth's core, including seismology, mineral physics, geomagnetism, and geodynamics. The book examines current observations, experiments, and theories; identifies outstanding research questions; and suggests future directions for study. With topics ranging from the structure of the core-mantle boundary region, to the chemical and physical properties of the core, the workings of the geodynamo, inner core seismology and dynamics, and core formation, this book offers a multidisciplinary perspective on what we know and what we know we have yet to discover. The book begins with the fundamental material and concepts in seismology, mineral physics, geomagnetism, and geodynamics, accessible from a wide range of backgrounds. The book then builds on this foundation to introduce current research, including observations, experiments, and theories. By identifying unsolved problems and promising routes to their solutions, the book is intended to motivate further research, making it a valuable resource both for students entering Earth and planetary sciences and for researchers in a particular subdiscipline who need to broaden their understanding. - Includes multidisciplinary observations constraining the composition and dynamics of the Earth's core - Concisely presents competing theories and arguments on the composition, state, and dynamics of the Earth's interior - Provides observational tests of various theories to enhance understanding - Serves as a valuable resource for researchers in deep earth geophysics, as well as many sub-disciplines, including seismology, geodynamics, geomagnetism, and mineral physics