Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture

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Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture

Author : Mary Deland Pohl
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429712146
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture by : Mary Deland Pohl

Download or read book Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture written by Mary Deland Pohl and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in the orientation of archaeological research in the post-World War n period affected Maya studies. The cultural ecological perspective, which was rising to prominence, put an old debate in bold relief: How had this prehistoric civilization adapted to the tropical forest environment? How could swidden cultivation have sustained the unexpectedly high population densities that settlement pattern studies appeared to be revealing? Had the ancient Maya practiced some from of intensive agriculture? Archaeologist Dennis E. Puleston went to the Maya Lowlands to investigate geographer Alfred H. Siemens's reports of possible intensive agriculture ("ridged fields") seen from the air and to study prehistoric Maya cultivation and civilization from a cultural ecological perspective. This volume presents the results of the Rio Hondo Project field research on Albion Island in northern Belize from 1973 to 1980 with the addition of selected results from Pohl's continuing work in northern Belize.

Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture

Author : Taylor & Francis Group
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780367160470
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture by : Taylor & Francis Group

Download or read book Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Managed Mosaic

Author : Scott L. Fedick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Managed Mosaic by : Scott L. Fedick

Download or read book The Managed Mosaic written by Scott L. Fedick and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection draws on the most up-to-date investigations of Maya practices to show that the lowland Maya utilized a highly flexible regional and local approach in their management of agricultural, mineral, game, and water resources.

Pulltrouser Swamp

Author : B. L. Turner
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477303286
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Pulltrouser Swamp by : B. L. Turner

Download or read book Pulltrouser Swamp written by B. L. Turner and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-09-10 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among Mesoamericanists, the agricultural basis of the ancient Maya civilization of the Yucatan Peninsula has been an important topic of research—and controversy. Interest in the agricultural system of the Maya greatly increased as new discoveries showed that the lowland Maya were not limited to slash-and-burn technology, as had been previously believed, but used a variety of more sophisticated agricultural techniques and practices, including terracing, raised fields, and, perhaps, irrigation. Because of the nature of the data and because this form of agricultural technology had been key to explanations of state formation elsewhere in Mesoamerica, raised-field agriculture became a particular focus of investigation. Pulltrouser Swamp conclusively demonstrates the existence of hydraulic, raised-field agriculture in the Maya lowlands between 150 B.C. and A.D. 850. It presents the findings of the University of Oklahoma's Pulltrouser SwampProject, an NSF-supported interdisciplinary study that combined the talents of archaeologists, anthropologists, geographers, paleobotanists, biologists, and zoologists to investigate the remains of the Maya agricultural system in the swampy region of northern Belize. By examining soils, fossil pollen and other plant remains, gastropods, relic settlements, ceramics, lithics, and other important evidence, the Pulltrouser Swamp team has clearly demonstrated that the features under investigation are relics of Maya-made raised and channelized fields and associated canals. Other data suggest the nature of the swamps in which the fields were constructed, the tools used for construction and cultivation, the possible crops cultivated, and at least one type of settlement near the fields, with its chronology. This verification of raised fields provides dramatic evidence of a large and probably organized workforce engaged in sophisticated and complex agricultural technology. As record of this evidence, Pulltrouser Swamp is a work of seminal importance for all students and scholars of New World prehistory.

Incipient Maya Wetland Agriculture

Author : Richard D. Hansen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (856 download)

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Book Synopsis Incipient Maya Wetland Agriculture by : Richard D. Hansen

Download or read book Incipient Maya Wetland Agriculture written by Richard D. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pre-Hispanic Maya Agriculture

Author : Peter D. Harrison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Pre-Hispanic Maya Agriculture by : Peter D. Harrison

Download or read book Pre-Hispanic Maya Agriculture written by Peter D. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ancient Maya Life in the Far West Bajo

Author : Julie L. Kunen
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816549400
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Life in the Far West Bajo by : Julie L. Kunen

Download or read book Ancient Maya Life in the Far West Bajo written by Julie L. Kunen and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human activity during centuries of occupation significantly altered the landscape inhabited by the ancient Maya of northwestern Belize. In response, the Maya developed new techniques to harvest the natural resources of their surroundings, investing increased labor and raw materials into maintaining and even improving their ways of life. In this lively story of life in the wetlands on the outskirts of the major site of La Milpa, Julie Kunen documents a hitherto unrecognized form of intensive agriculture in the Maya lowlands—one that relied on the construction of terraces and berms to trap soil and moisture around the margins of low-lying depressions called bajos. She traces the intertwined histories of residential settlements on nearby hills and ridges and agricultural terraces and other farming-related features around the margins of the bajo as they developed from the Late Preclassic perios (400 BC-AD 250) until the area's abandonment in the Terminal Classic period (about AD 850). Kunen examines the organization of three bajo communities with respect to the use and management of resources critical to agricultural production. She argues that differences in access to spatially variable natural resources resulted in highly patterned settlement remains and that community founders and their descendents who had acquired the best quality and most diverse set of resources maintained an elevated status in the society. The thorough integration of three lines of evidence—the settlement system, the agricultural system, and the ancient environment—breaks new ground in landscape research and in the study of Maya non-elite domestic organization. Kunen reports on the history of settlement and farming in a small corner of the Maya world but demonstrates that for any study of human-environment interactions, landscape history consists equally of ecological and cultural strands of influence.

Rain Harvesting in the Rainforest

Author : Helga Geovannini Acuña
Publisher : British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Rain Harvesting in the Rainforest by : Helga Geovannini Acuña

Download or read book Rain Harvesting in the Rainforest written by Helga Geovannini Acuña and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main subject discussed in this study is the way in which the ancient Maya of Calakmul (modern Mexico), who thrived between 900 B.C. to A.D. 1000, managed their landscape in order to survive in the tropical rainforest. Their lithic technology, the hot, humid climate with a prolonged dry season, the lack of permanent surface sources of fresh water, and thin soils, considered insufficient for sustained agricultural production, are factors that were addressed successfully by the Maya in developing their complex civilization. The author's research begins with landscape, archaeological, and edaphological analyses, after which she explores the areas most advantageous to permanent habitation, suitable agricultural zones, land potential of the region and the capability of the area for supporting population. In addition, a complex agricultural channel irrigation system is explored as a critical factor for managing productive terrain for agriculture in karstic depressions (bajos). Similarly, an impressive rain harvesting system is exposed as an option to optimize hydrological resources for canalizing excessive rain during the wet season and storing water during the dry period. Finally, a reconstruction of the agricultural landscape is proposed.

The Maya Forest Garden

Author : Anabel Ford
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131541791X
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis The Maya Forest Garden by : Anabel Ford

Download or read book The Maya Forest Garden written by Anabel Ford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional wisdom says that the devolution of Classic Maya civilization occurred because its population grew too large and dense to be supported by primitive neotropical farming methods, resulting in debilitating famines and internecine struggles. Using research on contemporary Maya farming techniques and important new archaeological research, Ford and Nigh refute this Malthusian explanation of events in ancient Central America and posit a radical alternative theory. The authors-show that ancient Maya farmers developed ingenious, sustainable woodland techniques to cultivate numerous food plants (including the staple maize);-examine both contemporary tropical farming techniques and the archaeological record (particularly regarding climate) to reach their conclusions;-make the argument that these ancient techniques, still in use today, can support significant populations over long periods of time.

Ancient Maya Settlement of the Yalahau Region

Author : Bethany Morrison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Settlement of the Yalahau Region by : Bethany Morrison

Download or read book Ancient Maya Settlement of the Yalahau Region written by Bethany Morrison and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hidden Dimensions

Author : Kathryn Bernick
Publisher : UBC Press
ISBN 13 : 0774842555
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (748 download)

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Book Synopsis Hidden Dimensions by : Kathryn Bernick

Download or read book Hidden Dimensions written by Kathryn Bernick and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hidden Dimensions is a collection of essays drawn from papers presented at an international conference in Vancouver, British Columbia in April 1995. Scholars from around the globe examine several aspects of wetland archaeology in North America, Mexico, Europe, eastern Siberia, and New Zealand. Some of the essays in this volume explore environmental and historical contexts of wet-sites as well as past human adaptation to wetland environments. Others concentrate on the contributions of wetland archaeology to reconstructions of cultural history and the interpretation of unique perishable materials. In addition to discussions on the dynamic nature of wetlands and concern about the future of the cultural resources they contain, the authors look at practical issues of land management and object conservation. In Hidden Dimensions the authors seek to raise awareness of the significance of wetland archaeology issues at a time when wetlands around the globe are rapidly shrinking and their cultural contents are at risk of disappearing.

Ancient Maya Cultivation in a Dynamic Wetland Environment

Author : Jennifer Andrea Chmilar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781303291524
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Cultivation in a Dynamic Wetland Environment by : Jennifer Andrea Chmilar

Download or read book Ancient Maya Cultivation in a Dynamic Wetland Environment written by Jennifer Andrea Chmilar and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cultivation has taken many forms throughout the Maya lowlands. In the Yalahau region of the northern Maya lowlands, a series of wetlands produce a dynamic environment of wet, dry, and intermediate areas depending on fluctuations of the annual hydrologic cycle. Within these wetlands, anthropogenic rock alignments suggest human use and manipulation of the environment dating to the late Preclassic period. The dissertation is based on research at a single wetland at El Edén Ecological Reserve, Quintana Roo and concerns the function of the rock alignments as well as their duration of use to the ancient Maya. In terms of function, hypotheses are that they modified soil and water movement within a system of cultivation, and/ or acted as boundary markers, and/ or provided bases for fish weirs. As for when the rock alignments were used, hypotheses follow that they were used for a single hydroperiod, that the same features were built as the hydroperiod changed, or that new functions emerged as the water table shifted. Data was collected through topographic mapping of four areas of the wetland containing a total of twelve rock alignments, high-resolution GPS of these mapped areas, recording of water table fluctuations for a period of two years, and analysis of a sediment core documenting pollen extending back nearly 2500 years. The computer program arcGIS was used to create a series of topographic maps, both with and without the rock alignments, that demonstrate the influence of the rock alignments on the movement of water on the landscape. The rock alignments impacted water movement on a small scale. Within El Edén wetland, the ancient Maya constructed lines of rock to cause water to pool in localized depressions, either by dividing existing basins or surrounding them to direct water back inward, where it was maintained into the dry season so that valuable plants were encouraged to thrive for a longer period of time. Sinuous lines of rock were constructed to provide the base for a fish weir. Rock alignments were built at various points along the topography to take advantage of varying annual hydroperiods.

The Lowland Maya Area

Author : Scott Fedick
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781560229711
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lowland Maya Area by : Scott Fedick

Download or read book The Lowland Maya Area written by Scott Fedick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-18 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can we learn from the people of the Maya Lowlands? Integrating history, biodiversity, ethnobotany, geology, ecology, archaeology, anthropology, and other disciplines, The Lowland Maya Area is a valuable guide to the fascinating relationship between man and his environment in the Yucatán peninsula. This book covers virtually every aspect of the biology and ecology of the Maya Lowlands and the many ways that human beings have interacted with their surroundings in that area for the last three thousand years. You'll learn about newly discovered archaeological evidence of wetland use; the domestication and use of cacao and henequen plants; a biodiversity assessment of a select group of plants, animals, and microorganisms; the area's forgotten cotton, indigo, and wax industries; the ecological history of the Yucatán Peninsula; and much more. This comprehensive book will open your eyes to all that we can learn from the Maya people, who continue to live on their native lands, integrating modern life with their old ways and teaching valuable lessons about human dependence on and management of environmental resources. The Lowland Maya Area explores: the impact of hurricanes and fire on local environments historic and modern Maya concepts of forests the geologic history of the Yucatán challenges to preserving Maya architecture newly-discovered evidence of fertilizer use among the ancient Maya cooperation between locals and researchers that fosters greater knowledge on both sides recommendations to help safeguard the future The Lowland Maya Area is an ideal single source for reliable information on the many ecological and social issues of this dynamic area. Providing you with the results of the most recent research into many diverse fields, including traditional ecological knowledge, the difficult transition to capitalism, agave production, and the diversity of insect species, this book will be a valuable addition to your collection. As the editors of The Lowland Maya Area say in their concluding chapter: “If we are to gain global perspective from the changing Maya world, it is that understanding space and time is absolutely critical to human persistence.” Understanding how the Maya have interacted with their environment for thousands of years while maintaining biodiversity will help us understand how we too can work for sustainable development in our own environments.

Tikal

Author : David L. Lentz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107027934
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Tikal by : David L. Lentz

Download or read book Tikal written by David L. Lentz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary question addressed in this book focuses on how the ancient Maya in the northern Petén Basin sustained large populations during the Late Classic period.

The Real Business of Ancient Maya Economies

Author : Marilyn A. Masson
Publisher : University Press of Florida
ISBN 13 : 081305740X
Total Pages : 655 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Real Business of Ancient Maya Economies by : Marilyn A. Masson

Ancient Maya Agriculture and Future Development

Author : Olga Stavrakis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient Maya Agriculture and Future Development by : Olga Stavrakis

Download or read book Ancient Maya Agriculture and Future Development written by Olga Stavrakis and published by . This book was released on 1976* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Ancient Maya Economy

Author : Janey Levy
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1499419708
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (994 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ancient Maya Economy by : Janey Levy

Download or read book The Ancient Maya Economy written by Janey Levy and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2016-07-16 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What drove the Maya economy? What kinds of goods did people create and trade? Readers gain insight into these questions and more as they explore ancient Maya economic systems. This book provides archaeological evidence about the goods and services that existed in the Maya civilization through primary sources. Photographs of artifacts and ruins, paired with artwork and engaging text, provide readers with a well-rounded understanding of this ancient yet advanced economy.