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Author : Olga Stavrakis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Ancient Maya Agriculture and Future Development written by Olga Stavrakis and published by . This book was released on 1976* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anabel Ford
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131541791X
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)
Download or read book The Maya Forest Garden written by Anabel Ford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional wisdom says that the devolution of Classic Maya civilization occurred because its population grew too large and dense to be supported by primitive neotropical farming methods, resulting in debilitating famines and internecine struggles. Using research on contemporary Maya farming techniques and important new archaeological research, Ford and Nigh refute this Malthusian explanation of events in ancient Central America and posit a radical alternative theory. The authors-show that ancient Maya farmers developed ingenious, sustainable woodland techniques to cultivate numerous food plants (including the staple maize);-examine both contemporary tropical farming techniques and the archaeological record (particularly regarding climate) to reach their conclusions;-make the argument that these ancient techniques, still in use today, can support significant populations over long periods of time.
Author : Cynthia Robin
Publisher : University Press of Florida
ISBN 13 : 0813043514
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Chan written by Cynthia Robin and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2012-06-03 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The farming community of Chan thrived for over twenty centuries, surpassing the longevity of many larger Maya urban centers. Between 800 BC and 1200 AD it was a major food production center, and this collection of essays reveals the important role played by Maya farmers in the development of ancient Maya society. Chan offers a synthesis of compelling and groundbreaking discoveries gathered over ten years of research at this one archaeological site in Belize. The contributors develop three central themes, which structure the book. They examine how sustainable farming practices maintained the surrounding forest, allowing the community to exist for two millennia. They trace the origins of elite Maya state religion to the complex religious belief system developed in small communities such as Chan. Finally, they describe how the group-focused political strategies employed by local leaders differed from the highly hierarchical strategies of the Classic Maya kings in their large cities. In breadth, methodology, and findings, this volume scales new heights in the study of Maya society and culture.
Author : Marilyn A. Masson
Publisher : University Press of Florida
ISBN 13 : 081305740X
Total Pages : 655 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)
Download or read book The Real Business of Ancient Maya Economies written by Marilyn A. Masson and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely synthesis of the latest research and perspectives on ancient Maya economics, this volume illuminates the sophistication and intricacy of economic systems in the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic periods. Contributors from a wide range of disciplines move beyond paradigms of elite control and centralized exchange to focus on individual agency, highlighting production and exchange that took place at all levels of society. Case studies draw on new archaeological evidence from rural households and urban marketplaces to reconstruct the trade networks for tools, ceramics, obsidian, salt, and agricultural goods throughout the empire. They also describe the ways household production integrated with community, regional, and interregional markets. Redirecting the field of ancient Maya economic studies away from simplistic characterizations of the past by fully representing the range of current views on the subject, this volume delves deeply into multiple facets of a complex, interdependent material world. Contributors: Anthony P. Andrews | Chloé Andrieu | Beatriz Balcárcel | Adolfo Iván Batún | George Bey | Ronald L. Bishop | Geoffrey E. Braswell | Marcello Canuto | Bernadette Cap | Arlen F. Chase | Diane Z. Chase | Rubén Chuc Aguilar | Maia Dedrick | Pedro Delgado Kú, | Arthur A. Demarest | Keith Eppich | Bárbara Escamilla Ojeda | Scott L. Fedick | Luis Flores Cobá | Lynda Florey Folan | William J. Folan | David A. Freidel | Tomás Gallareta Negrón | Charles Golden | Stanley P. Guenter | Joel D. Gunn | Richard D. Hansen | Timothy S. Hare | Enrique Hernández | Rachel A. Horowitz | Scott R. Hutson | Takeshi Inomata | Eleanor M. King | Marilyn A. Masson | Patricia A. McAnany | Carlos Morales-Aguilar | Carlos Peraza Lope | Dorie Reents-Budet | Prudence M. Rice | William Ringle | Fernando Robles Castellanos | Alejandra Roche Recinos| Bradley W. Russell | Andrew Scherer | Whittaker Schroder | Payson Sheets | Edgar Suyuc | Alexandre Tokovinine | Paola Torres | Daniela Triadan | Kenichiro Tsukamoto | Clive Vella | Bart Victor | Beniamino Volta | Brent K. S. Woodfill | Andrew R. Wyatt | Norman Yoffee A volume in the series Maya Studies, edited by Diane Z. Chase and Arlen F. Chase
Author : Billie Lee Turner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Prehistoric Intensive Agriculture in the Mayan Lowlands written by Billie Lee Turner and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vernon L. Scarborough
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816522736
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Heterarchy, Political Economy, and the Ancient Maya written by Vernon L. Scarborough and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In recent years the Three Rivers region of Belize and Guatemala has been the site of some of the most intensive archaeological research in the Maya Lowlands, providing a wealth of regional data. This volume brings together articles reporting on findings and interpretations of the Programme for Belize Archaeological Project that range over a 10- to 12-year period and that shed new light on how ecology, economy, and political order developed in the ancient past.".
Author : Peter D. Harrison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Pre-Hispanic Maya Agriculture written by Peter D. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elin C. Danien
Publisher : UPenn Museum of Archaeology
ISBN 13 : 9780924171130
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (711 download)
Download or read book New Theories on the Ancient Maya written by Elin C. Danien and published by UPenn Museum of Archaeology. This book was released on 1992-01-29 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from the 1987 Maya Weekend conference at the University of Pennsylvania Museum present current views of Maya culture and language. Also included is an article by George Stuart summarizing the history of the study of Maya hieroglyphs and the fascinating scholars and laypersons who have helped bring about their decipherment. Symposium Series III University Museum Monograph, 77
Author : Bethany A. Morrison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780816548941
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (489 download)
Download or read book Lifeways in the Northern Maya Lowlands written by Bethany A. Morrison and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Helga Geovannini Acuña
Publisher : British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Rain Harvesting in the Rainforest written by Helga Geovannini Acuña and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main subject discussed in this study is the way in which the ancient Maya of Calakmul (modern Mexico), who thrived between 900 B.C. to A.D. 1000, managed their landscape in order to survive in the tropical rainforest. Their lithic technology, the hot, humid climate with a prolonged dry season, the lack of permanent surface sources of fresh water, and thin soils, considered insufficient for sustained agricultural production, are factors that were addressed successfully by the Maya in developing their complex civilization. The author's research begins with landscape, archaeological, and edaphological analyses, after which she explores the areas most advantageous to permanent habitation, suitable agricultural zones, land potential of the region and the capability of the area for supporting population. In addition, a complex agricultural channel irrigation system is explored as a critical factor for managing productive terrain for agriculture in karstic depressions (bajos). Similarly, an impressive rain harvesting system is exposed as an option to optimize hydrological resources for canalizing excessive rain during the wet season and storing water during the dry period. Finally, a reconstruction of the agricultural landscape is proposed.
Author : Julie L. Kunen
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816549400
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)
Download or read book Ancient Maya Life in the Far West Bajo written by Julie L. Kunen and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human activity during centuries of occupation significantly altered the landscape inhabited by the ancient Maya of northwestern Belize. In response, the Maya developed new techniques to harvest the natural resources of their surroundings, investing increased labor and raw materials into maintaining and even improving their ways of life. In this lively story of life in the wetlands on the outskirts of the major site of La Milpa, Julie Kunen documents a hitherto unrecognized form of intensive agriculture in the Maya lowlands—one that relied on the construction of terraces and berms to trap soil and moisture around the margins of low-lying depressions called bajos. She traces the intertwined histories of residential settlements on nearby hills and ridges and agricultural terraces and other farming-related features around the margins of the bajo as they developed from the Late Preclassic perios (400 BC-AD 250) until the area's abandonment in the Terminal Classic period (about AD 850). Kunen examines the organization of three bajo communities with respect to the use and management of resources critical to agricultural production. She argues that differences in access to spatially variable natural resources resulted in highly patterned settlement remains and that community founders and their descendents who had acquired the best quality and most diverse set of resources maintained an elevated status in the society. The thorough integration of three lines of evidence—the settlement system, the agricultural system, and the ancient environment—breaks new ground in landscape research and in the study of Maya non-elite domestic organization. Kunen reports on the history of settlement and farming in a small corner of the Maya world but demonstrates that for any study of human-environment interactions, landscape history consists equally of ecological and cultural strands of influence.
Author : Scott Fedick
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781560229711
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (297 download)
Download or read book The Lowland Maya Area written by Scott Fedick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-18 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can we learn from the people of the Maya Lowlands? Integrating history, biodiversity, ethnobotany, geology, ecology, archaeology, anthropology, and other disciplines, The Lowland Maya Area is a valuable guide to the fascinating relationship between man and his environment in the Yucatán peninsula. This book covers virtually every aspect of the biology and ecology of the Maya Lowlands and the many ways that human beings have interacted with their surroundings in that area for the last three thousand years. You'll learn about newly discovered archaeological evidence of wetland use; the domestication and use of cacao and henequen plants; a biodiversity assessment of a select group of plants, animals, and microorganisms; the area's forgotten cotton, indigo, and wax industries; the ecological history of the Yucatán Peninsula; and much more. This comprehensive book will open your eyes to all that we can learn from the Maya people, who continue to live on their native lands, integrating modern life with their old ways and teaching valuable lessons about human dependence on and management of environmental resources. The Lowland Maya Area explores: the impact of hurricanes and fire on local environments historic and modern Maya concepts of forests the geologic history of the Yucatán challenges to preserving Maya architecture newly-discovered evidence of fertilizer use among the ancient Maya cooperation between locals and researchers that fosters greater knowledge on both sides recommendations to help safeguard the future The Lowland Maya Area is an ideal single source for reliable information on the many ecological and social issues of this dynamic area. Providing you with the results of the most recent research into many diverse fields, including traditional ecological knowledge, the difficult transition to capitalism, agave production, and the diversity of insect species, this book will be a valuable addition to your collection. As the editors of The Lowland Maya Area say in their concluding chapter: “If we are to gain global perspective from the changing Maya world, it is that understanding space and time is absolutely critical to human persistence.” Understanding how the Maya have interacted with their environment for thousands of years while maintaining biodiversity will help us understand how we too can work for sustainable development in our own environments.
Author : Robert J. Sharer
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804748179
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (481 download)
Download or read book The Ancient Maya, 6th Edition written by Robert J. Sharer and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rich findings of recent exploration and research are incorporated in this completely revised and greatly expanded sixth edition of this standard work on the Maya people. New field discoveries, new technical advances, new successes in the decipherment of Maya writing, and new theoretical perspectives on the Maya past have made this new edition necessary.
Author : Scott L. Fedick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Managed Mosaic written by Scott L. Fedick and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection draws on the most up-to-date investigations of Maya practices to show that the lowland Maya utilized a highly flexible regional and local approach in their management of agricultural, mineral, game, and water resources.
Author : Mary Deland Pohl
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429712146
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Ancient Maya Wetland Agriculture written by Mary Deland Pohl and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in the orientation of archaeological research in the post-World War n period affected Maya studies. The cultural ecological perspective, which was rising to prominence, put an old debate in bold relief: How had this prehistoric civilization adapted to the tropical forest environment? How could swidden cultivation have sustained the unexpectedly high population densities that settlement pattern studies appeared to be revealing? Had the ancient Maya practiced some from of intensive agriculture? Archaeologist Dennis E. Puleston went to the Maya Lowlands to investigate geographer Alfred H. Siemens's reports of possible intensive agriculture ("ridged fields") seen from the air and to study prehistoric Maya cultivation and civilization from a cultural ecological perspective. This volume presents the results of the Rio Hondo Project field research on Albion Island in northern Belize from 1973 to 1980 with the addition of selected results from Pohl's continuing work in northern Belize.
Author : Alexandra E. Smofsky
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Identification of Ancient Maya Agriculture in the Periphery of Motul de San José written by Alexandra E. Smofsky and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural systems were investigated in the Motul de San José periphery, an ancient Maya polity in Guatemala, using soil geochemical techniques. The 13C values of soil organic matter delineated areas of ancient maize agriculture at the satellite center of Kante't'u'ul. A new method to locate areas of former cacao cultivation or processing was developed using HPLC to detect theobromine, an alkaloid of the cacao plant, preserved in soils. Extraction of spiked soils revealed that theobromine adsorption is inversely correlated with organic matter content of soils. Detection of naturally occurring theobromine was successful, demonstrating its utility as a tracer. Maize cultivation was identified primarily within 50 meters of structures, and theobromine traces were found near water bodies that lacked recent historical evidence of cacao trees. These results suggest the ancient Maya used infield gardens and that former cacao orchards existed in the MSJ periphery providing evidence of diverse Maya agricultural practices.
Author : Janey Levy
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1499419708
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (994 download)
Download or read book The Ancient Maya Economy written by Janey Levy and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2016-07-16 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What drove the Maya economy? What kinds of goods did people create and trade? Readers gain insight into these questions and more as they explore ancient Maya economic systems. This book provides archaeological evidence about the goods and services that existed in the Maya civilization through primary sources. Photographs of artifacts and ruins, paired with artwork and engaging text, provide readers with a well-rounded understanding of this ancient yet advanced economy.
