Anaphora And Semantic Interpretation

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Anaphora and Semantic Interpretation

Author : Tanya Reinhart
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134993609
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora and Semantic Interpretation by : Tanya Reinhart

Download or read book Anaphora and Semantic Interpretation written by Tanya Reinhart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1983, this book examines anaphora — a central issue in linguistic theory as it lies at the crossroads of several major problems. On the one hand it is believed that the same conditions that govern the interpretation of anaphora also govern syntactic movement rules but on the other, while anaphora is known to interact with various discourse and semantic considerations, it also provides a clear instance of the dependency of the semantic interpretation of sentences upon semantic properties of natural language. This book has two major goals: the first is a comprehensive analysis of sentence-level anaphora that addresses the questions posed above, and the second is an examination of the broader issues of the relations between the structural properties of sentences and their semantic interpretation within the hypotheses of the autonomy of syntax and of interpretative semantics shown by Chomsky.

Dynamics of Meaning

Author : Gennaro Chierchia
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226104516
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Meaning by : Gennaro Chierchia

Download or read book Dynamics of Meaning written by Gennaro Chierchia and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-20 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Dynamics of Meaning, Gennaro Chierchia tackles central issues in dynamic semantics and extends the general framework. Chapter 1 introduces the notion of dynamic semantics and discusses in detail the phenomena that have been used to motivate it, such as "donkey" sentences and adverbs of quantification. The second chapter explores in greater depth the interpretation of indefinites and issues related to presuppositions of uniqueness and the "E-type strategy." In Chapter 3, Chierchia extends the dynamic approach to the domain of syntactic theory, considering a range of empirical problems that includes backwards anaphora, reconstruction effects, and weak crossover. The final chapter develops the formal system of dynamic semantics to deal with central issues of definites and presupposition. Chierchia shows that an approach based on a principled enrichment of the mechanisms dealing with meaning is to be preferred on empirical grounds over approaches that depend on an enrichment of the syntactic apparatus. Dynamics of Meaning illustrates how seemingly abstract stances on the nature of meaning can have significant and far-reaching linguistic consequences, leading to the detection of new facts and influencing our understanding of the syntax/semantics/pragmatics interface.

Anaphora

Author : Andrew Barss
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470754621
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora by : Andrew Barss

Download or read book Anaphora written by Andrew Barss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaphora: A Reference Guide is a collection of essays that report on the major results of recent research in anaphora and set the stage for further inquiry. Reports on the major results of recent research in anaphora and sets the stage for further inquiry. Features contributions from among the world's leading researchers on anaphora. Presents an exciting picture of how broad the phenomenon of anaphora is and how it can reveal many mysterious properties of language. Includes articles of interest to many disciplines, including philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, linguistics, language studies, cognitive psychology, and psycholinguistics.

The Syntax of Anaphora

Author : Ken Safir
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019803718X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Syntax of Anaphora by : Ken Safir

Download or read book The Syntax of Anaphora written by Ken Safir and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-08 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Ken Safir develops a comprehensive theory on the role of anaphora in syntax. First, he contends that the complementary distribution of forms that support the anaphoric readings is not accidental, contrary to most current thinking, but rather should be derived from a principle, one that he proposes in the form of an algorithm. Secondly, he maintains that dependent identity relations are always possible where they are not prohibited by a constraint. Lastly, he proposes that there are no parameters of anaphora - that all anaphora-specific principles are universal, and that the patterns of anaphora across languages arise entirely from a restricted set of lexical properties. This comprehensive consideration of anaphora redirects current thinking on the subject.

Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar

Author : Beom-mo Kang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar by : Beom-mo Kang

Download or read book Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar written by Beom-mo Kang and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Resource-Sensitivity, Binding and Anaphora

Author : Geert-Jan M. Kruijff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401000379
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource-Sensitivity, Binding and Anaphora by : Geert-Jan M. Kruijff

Download or read book Resource-Sensitivity, Binding and Anaphora written by Geert-Jan M. Kruijff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geert-Jan Kruijff & Richard T. Oehrle A categorial grammar is both a grammar and a type inference system. As a result of this duality, the categorial framework offers a natural setting in which to study questions of grammatical composition, both empirically and abstractly. There are affinities in this perspective, of course, to basic questions in formal language theory. But the fact that categorial grammars are type in ference systems makes possible intrinsic connections among syntactic types, syntactic type inference, semantic types, and semantic type inference, a con nection less apparent in the standard constructions of formal language theory. Fixing a system of grammatical type inference T, we may explore what gram matical phenomena are compatible with T-and equally, what grammatical phenomena are not. Equally, fixing a class of grammatical phenomena g, we may seek to ascertain what systems of type inference characterize g. This dual perspective is a strong current in the categorial literature, going back to the classical papers of Ajdukiewicz, Bar-Hillel, Curry, and Lambek.

Anaphora and Language Design

Author : Eric Reuland
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262376776
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora and Language Design by : Eric Reuland

Download or read book Anaphora and Language Design written by Eric Reuland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study on anaphoric dependencies that derives the conditions on anaphora in natural language from the design properties of the language system. Pronouns and anaphors (including reflexives such as himself and herself) may or must depend on antecedents for their interpretation. These dependencies are subject to conditions that prima facie show substantial crosslinguistic variation. In this monograph, Eric Reuland presents a theory of how these anaphoric dependencies are represented in natural language in a way that does justice to the the variation one finds across languages. He explains the conditions on these dependencies in terms of elementary properties of the computational system of natural language. He shows that the encoding of anaphoric dependencies makes use of components of the language system that all reflect different cognitive capacities; thus the empirical research he reports on offers insights into the design of the language system. Reuland’s account reduces the conditions on binding to independent properties of the grammar, none of which is specific to binding. He offers a principled account of the roles of the lexicon, syntax, semantics, and the discourse component in the encoding of anaphoric dependencies; a window into the overall organization of the grammar and the roles of linguistic and extralinguistic factors; a new typology of anaphoric expressions; a view of crosslinguistic variation (examining facts in a range of languages, from English, Dutch, Frisian, German, and Scandinavian languages to Fijian, Georgian, and Malayalam) that shows unity in diversity.

A Graph-theoretic Approach to the Semantics of Discourse and Anaphora

Author : Clive John Cox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (469 download)

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Book Synopsis A Graph-theoretic Approach to the Semantics of Discourse and Anaphora by : Clive John Cox

Download or read book A Graph-theoretic Approach to the Semantics of Discourse and Anaphora written by Clive John Cox and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This thesis is concerned with the formal semantic analysis of discourse and anaphora. A formal model-theoretic semantic framework, Graph-Theoretic Semantics (GTS), is developed covering simple extensional English discourse involving singular and plural noun phrase anaphora. In opposition to previous theories of discourse anaphora, (such as Kamp's DRT or Groenendijk and Stokhof's DPL) anaphoric antecedent information is stored and manipulated within the denotational space. Graph-theoretic denotations are utilized for this purpose. Graph vertices describe individuals identified by the interpretation of a discourse. Graph edges describe constraints amongst the individuals described by the graph vertices. The GTS framework treats these denotation graphs as constraint networks in order to correctly handle the various anaphor- antecedent relations that have been proposed within the literature. The framework is best viewed as a theory of anaphoric analysis. That is, the framework determines how, in certain discourses, appropriate information for anaphoric reference can be derived and, given particular references, how appropriate interpretations can be provided. The framework does not impose a particular set of constraints on anaphoric reference. However, it does provide through the representational and denotational domains the means for providing appropriate constraints on anaphoric reference to allow for the development of particular theories of anaphoric reference. Some example theories of anaphoric reference are provided. As well as providing a formally precise semantic framework, attention has been paid to theoretical and practical computational issues. The semantic representation is described with unification feature-structures, providing a flexible, powerful and extensible representational foundation for the semantic interpretation. The construction of appropriate semantic representations from an example grammar is illustrated within the PATR unification grammar formalism. The denotational description of language as graphs which are treated as constraint networks allows the extensive research into the efficient solution of constraint satisfaction problems to be utilized. An implementation of the framework is provided."

Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse

Author : Nicholas Asher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401117152
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse by : Nicholas Asher

Download or read book Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse written by Nicholas Asher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.

Mental Models and the Interpretation of Anaphora

Author : Alan Garnham
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134951094
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Models and the Interpretation of Anaphora by : Alan Garnham

Download or read book Mental Models and the Interpretation of Anaphora written by Alan Garnham and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interpretation of anaphora - how we interpret expressions such as definite pronouns (he, she, it) and verbal elliptical phrases (such as "did so, too") in the course of ordinary conversation or reading - is an important aspect of language comprehension. In this book the author examines the research and evidence on anaphor interpretation within the context of the mental models theory of comprehension, arguing that the notion of a mental model is essential to the detailed description of the processes of anaphor resolution. The general philosophy of the mental models approach and the nature of mental models themselves and their role in language processing is discussed, followed by a review of methodological issues that bear on the interpretation of psychological research findings. Against this background, the author's own research on areas such as deep and surface anaphora, reference into anaphoric islands, the role of implicit causality in anaphor resolution and the use of pronouns to refer to characters introduced by stereotyped role names is presented. At all times the author's research is set within the context of the general literature on anaphor resolution derived from the disciplines of linguistics, psycholinguistics, philosophy and computational linguistics, ensuring that the book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in these fields.

Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar

Author : Beom-mo Kang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar by : Beom-mo Kang

Download or read book Functional Inheritance, Anaphora, and Semantic Interpretation in a Generalized Categorial Grammar written by Beom-mo Kang and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Anaphora in Generative Grammar

Author : Thomas Wasow
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027271275
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora in Generative Grammar by : Thomas Wasow

Download or read book Anaphora in Generative Grammar written by Thomas Wasow and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intuitively, it is clear why languages have anaphoric relations: anaphora reduces redundancy, thereby shortening (and hence simplifying) sentences. In order for this simplification to be possible, however, it is necessary that the speaker of a language be able to identify correctly the elements participating in an anaphoric relation and to determine correctly the meaning of the anaphor on the basis of meaning of the antecedent. If a grammar is to reflect the linguistic competence of a native speaker of a language, it must include mechanisms of associating anaphor and antecedent. In this volume the following questions will be considered: What sorts of mechanisms are best suited for representing anaphora in a grammar? What are the conditions on the rule(s) associating anaphors with antecedents? Do the various cases of anaphora form a linguistically significant class of phenomena, and, if so, how can the grammar capture this fact? And what do these answers entail for linguistic theory?

Anaphora, Discourse, and Understanding

Author : Francis Cornish
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198700289
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora, Discourse, and Understanding by : Francis Cornish

Download or read book Anaphora, Discourse, and Understanding written by Francis Cornish and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This was a different man," said Mr Welbecker. "Listen! This man was called Hamlet and his uncle had killed his father because he wanted to marry his mother.""What did he want to marry his mother for?" said William. "I've never heard of anyone wanting to marry their mother."*In almost any conversation the meaning of what is said depends on the listener seeing how some words refer to what has already been said, and that others must be related to the characteristics of time, place, or person of the situation around which the conversation revolves. These modes ofreference, anaphora and deixis respectively, involve surprisingly complicated cognitive and syntactic processes, which people (normally) perform easily and unerringly. But they present formidable problems for the linguist and cognitive scientist trying to explain precisely how comprehension isachieved. Anaphora and deixis are thus a central research focus in syntactic theory, while understanding and modelling their operation in discourse are important targets in computational linguistics and cognitive science. In this ambitious work, Francis Cornish sets out an original theory ofanaphora and deixis, and proposes a new and elegant theoretical model to represent the transfer of meaning in discourse.Dr Cornish considers anaphoric reference in discourse from both psychological and linguistic perspectives. He argues that anaphora and deixis are essentially parts of integrative discourse procedures that facilitate the linking of representations held in working memory. He brings together work bylinguists, formal semanticists, psychologists, and researchers in artificial intelligence, as well as drawing on his own extensive experimental work on a variety of corpora of different genres in French and English.Anaphora, Discourse, and Understanding will interest researchers and advanced students in a variety of fields within and outside linguistics, including cognitive science, artificial intelligence, syntactic theory, formal semantics, and the analysis of discourse.[* from William - The Pirate by Richmal Crompton, London, Macmillan, 1932]

Essays on Anaphora

Author : H. Lasnik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400925425
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Anaphora by : H. Lasnik

Download or read book Essays on Anaphora written by H. Lasnik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles collected in this book are concerned with the treatment of anaphora within generative grammar, specifically, within Chomsky's 'Ex tended Standard Theory' (EST). Since the inception of this theory, and virtually since the inception of generative grammar, anaphora has been a central topic of investigation. In current research, it has, perhaps, become even more central, as a major focus of study in such areas as syntax, semantics, discourse analysis, and language acquisition. Beginning in the early 1970's, and continuing to the present, Chomsky has developed a comprehensive syntactic theory of anaphora. The articles here are all related to stages in the development of that theory, and can best be understood in relation to that development. For that reason, Chapter 1 presents a historical survey of Chomsky's EST proposals on anaphora, along with brief indications of how the present articles fit into that history. Some of the articles here (e.g. Chapters 4, 8, and 9) proposed extensions of Chomsky's basic ideas to a wider range of phenomena.

Anaphora and Type Logical Grammar

Author : Gerhard Jäger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402039050
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaphora and Type Logical Grammar by : Gerhard Jäger

Download or read book Anaphora and Type Logical Grammar written by Gerhard Jäger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-08 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Type Logical Grammar is a framework that emerged from the synthesis of two traditions: Categorial Grammar from formal linguistics and substructural logics from logic. Grammatical composition is conceived as resource conscious logical deduction. Such a grammar is necessarily surface oriented and lexicalistic. The Curry-Howard correspondence supplies an elegant compositional mapping from syntax to semantics. Anaphora does not seem to fit well into this framework. In type logical deductions, each resource is used exactly once. Anaphora, however, is a phenomenon where semantic resources are used more than once. Generally admitting the multiple use of lexical resources is not possible because it would lead to empirical inadequacy and computational intractability. This book develops a hybrid architecture that allows to incorporate anaphora resolution into grammatical deduction while avoiding these consequences. To this end, the grammar logic is enriched with a connective that specifically deals with anaphora. After giving a self-contained introduction into Type Logical Grammar in general, the book discusses the formal properties of this connective. In the sequel, Jäger applies this machinery to numerous linguistic phenomena pertaining to the interaction of pronominal anaphora, VP ellipsis and quantification. In the final chapter, the framework is extended to indefiniteness, specificity and sluicing.

Semantic Interpretation Revisited

Author : Bonnie L. Nash-Webber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (689 download)

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Book Synopsis Semantic Interpretation Revisited by : Bonnie L. Nash-Webber

Download or read book Semantic Interpretation Revisited written by Bonnie L. Nash-Webber and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After providing brief overview of the BBN LUNAR system, the author discusses two of its deficiencies: (1) the simple 'enumerate and test' processing of quantified expressions in its meaning representation language; and (2) its inadequate treatment of anaphora. The author make a rough classification of anaphoric expressions as groundwork towards formulating a general computational treatment of the phenomenon. In this classification, she establishes a distinction between (1) denotational anaphora references to previously mentioned objects, sets, events, states, etc. -- and (2) descriptional anaphora -- references to previous descriptions. The report concludes with an initial sketch of both a formal meaning representation language and some procedures seen needed for manipulating sentences of the language, which may provide a handle on some aspects of anaphor resolution.

The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax

Author : Marcel den Dikken
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107354587
Total Pages : 1412 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax by : Marcel den Dikken

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax written by Marcel den Dikken and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-25 with total page 1412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syntax – the study of sentence structure – has been at the centre of generative linguistics from its inception and has developed rapidly and in various directions. The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax provides a historical context for what is happening in the field of generative syntax today, a survey of the various generative approaches to syntactic structure available in the literature and an overview of the state of the art in the principal modules of the theory and the interfaces with semantics, phonology, information structure and sentence processing, as well as linguistic variation and language acquisition. This indispensable resource for advanced students, professional linguists (generative and non-generative alike) and scholars in related fields of inquiry presents a comprehensive survey of the field of generative syntactic research in all its variety, written by leading experts and providing a proper sense of the range of syntactic theories calling themselves generative.