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Analysis And Fate Of Surfactants In The Aquatic Environment
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Book Synopsis Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment by : Thomas P. Knepper
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the fate and behaviour of organic chemicals, such as surfactants, in the environment is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of human health and ecosystems. As surfactants are being produced in huge amounts, it is important to have a detailed knowledge about their lifetime in the environment, their biodegradability in wastewater treatment plants and in natural waters, and their ecotoxicity. Parameters relevant for the assessment of long-term behaviour, such as interactions with hormonal systems need to be understood to avoid unexpected adverse effects to future generations of people and the environment. However, the identification and quantification of commercial surfactants in the environment is made more complicated and cumbersome because they comprise of tens to hundreds of homologues, oligomers and isomers of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric compounds. The EU-funded PRISTINE project (Priority surfactants and their toxic metabolites in wastewater effluents: An integrated study; ENV4-CT97-0494) provides the basis for the content of this title. It provides policy makers and industry with detailed information on analysis and concentrations of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment. In addition to a general introduction to surfactants, this book comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment. Readers will find all the necessary information for analyzing the different groups of surfactants, with special emphasis on transformation products. Quality assurance is also reported on in detail. Chapters on toxicity and risk assessment are also included and give a complete perspective on the surfactants problem in the aquatic environment. · Presents the finding of EU-funded research into fate and behaviour of organic chemicals in the environment · Comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment · Provides relevant information to all groups working in the field of surfactants
Book Synopsis Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment by : Thomas P. Knepper
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2003 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the fate and behaviour of organic chemicals, such as surfactants, in the environment is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of human health and ecosystems. As surfactants are being produced in huge amounts, it is important to have a detailed knowledge about their lifetime in the environment, their biodegradability in wastewater treatment plants and in natural waters, and their ecotoxicity. Parameters relevant for the assessment of long-term behaviour, such as interactions with hormonal systems need to be understood to avoid unexpected adverse effects to future generations of people and the environment. However, the identification and quantification of commercial surfactants in the environment is made more complicated and cumbersome because they comprise of tens to hundreds of homologues, oligomers and isomers of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric compounds.The EU-funded PRISTINE project (Priority surfactants and their toxic metabolites in wastewater effluents: An integrated study; ENV4-CT97-0494) provides the basis for the content of this title. It provides policy makers and industry with detailed information on analysis and concentrations of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment.In addition to a general introduction to surfactants, this book comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment. Readers will find all the necessary information for analyzing the different groups of surfactants, with special emphasis on transformation products. Quality assurance is also reported on in detail. Chapters on toxicity and risk assessment are also included and give a complete perspective on the surfactants problem in the aquatic environment.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry by : Cecil Leeburn Wilson
Download or read book Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry written by Cecil Leeburn Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Effects of Surfactants by : S.A. Ostroumov
Download or read book Biological Effects of Surfactants written by S.A. Ostroumov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the role of aquatic biota and the impact of pollution and chemical substances that enter aquatic ecosystems is crucial to the assessment, prevention, and remediation of damaged environments. Biological Effects of Surfactants synthesizes the most important findings from hundreds of articles and the author's current experiments on the b
Book Synopsis Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants by : Sylvia S. Talmage
Download or read book Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants written by Sylvia S. Talmage and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes and reviews the environmental and human safety of two classes of nonionic surfactants-alcohol ethoxylates (AE) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APE). This unique resource contains critical data from published sources as well as from unpublished studies submitted by Soap and Detergent Association member companies. It reviews information on product chemistry and analysis, biodegradation, environmental levels (including fate and distribution), aquatic toxicity, and human safety. Recently developed analytical techniques for the extraction, separation, detection, and measurement of nonionic surfactants and their metabolites in environmental samples are described. Results of biodegradation studies performed with a variety of test systems are tabulated, as are results of field studies at wastewater treatment plants. Reported comparisons of environmental levels with results of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests are provided. The information on the toxicity and irritation potential of AE and APE surfactants includes data from in vitro, mammalian, and human studies.
Book Synopsis Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants by : Sylvia S. Talmage
Download or read book Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants written by Sylvia S. Talmage and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-09-09 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes and reviews the environmental and human safety of two classes of nonionic surfactants-alcohol ethoxylates (AE) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APE). This unique resource contains critical data from published sources as well as from unpublished studies submitted by Soap and Detergent Association member companies. It reviews information on product chemistry and analysis, biodegradation, environmental levels (including fate and distribution), aquatic toxicity, and human safety. Recently developed analytical techniques for the extraction, separation, detection, and measurement of nonionic surfactants and their metabolites in environmental samples are described. Results of biodegradation studies performed with a variety of test systems are tabulated, as are results of field studies at wastewater treatment plants. Reported comparisons of environmental levels with results of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests are provided. The information on the toxicity and irritation potential of AE and APE surfactants includes data from in vitro, mammalian, and human studies.
Author :United States National Center for Urban and Industrial Health. Analytical Reference Service Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :72 pages Book Rating :4.E/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Water Surfactant No.3, Study Number 32 by : United States National Center for Urban and Industrial Health. Analytical Reference Service
Download or read book Water Surfactant No.3, Study Number 32 written by United States National Center for Urban and Industrial Health. Analytical Reference Service and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phyto and Rhizo Remediation by : Naveen Kumar Arora
Download or read book Phyto and Rhizo Remediation written by Naveen Kumar Arora and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing human population and the associated activities have negatively influenced the ecosystems and life on earth. The continuous addition of agrochemicals, heavy metals and industrial wastes/ effluents in the ecosystems have caused great harm, including loss of productivity, biodiversity, climate change and diseases in plants, animals and humans, resulting in increased marginal lands and endangered sustainability of life on earth. Hence, there is an urgent need to reverse the impact of dangerous pollutants through a holistic, sustainable and biotic approach. Bioremediation involves the utilization of biological systems, mainly plants (phytoremediation) or microorganisms or both in combination (rhizoremediation) for the removal or degradation of pollutants and revive the habitats in an eco-friendly manner. Recently, there have been many success stories related to bioremediation involving plants or plant-microbe interactions. These success stories are related to the removal of heavy metals, pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, explosives, radionuclides or reduction of biological oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, oil spills in water bodies. Rhizoremediation has also been successfully used for reclamation of saline or marginal soils. With the range of pollutants and the total area (on earth) covered by these toxic chemicals, it is important that these eco-friendly technologies be utilized in a better way. The book throws light on the recent happenings, research and success stories related to bioremediation of polluted habitats through phytoremediation or rhizoremediation. The book also highlights some of the significantly important plant and microbial species involved in remediation, the physiology, biochemistry and the mechanisms of remediation by various plants and microbes, and suggestions for future improvement of bioremediation technology.
Book Synopsis Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle by :
Download or read book Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis, Removal, Effects and Risk of Pharmaceuticals in the Water Cycle provides an overview of the current analytical methods for trace determination of pharmaceuticals in environmental samples. The book also reviews the fate and occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle for their elimination in wastewater and drinking water treatment, focusing on the newest developments in treatment technologies, such as membrane bioreactors and advanced oxidation processes. Pharmaceutically active substances are a class of new, so-called emerging contaminants that have raised great concern in recent years. Human and veterinary drugs are continuously being released into the environment mainly as a result of the manufacturing processes, the disposal of unused or expired products, and via excreta. The analytical methodology for the determination of trace pharmaceuticals in complex environmental matrices is still evolving, and the number of methods described in the literature has grown considerably. This volume leads the way, keeping chemistry students, toxicologists, engineers, wastewater managers and related professionals current with developments in this quickly evolving area. Covers the latest developments in trace determinations Concise and critical compilation of the recent literature Focuses on new treatment technologies
Download or read book The Llobregat written by Sergi Sabater and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Llobregat belongs to the most thoroughly studied rivers in Europe and is a paradigm of the confluence of human and natural disturbances in a single basin. Because of its location in a very densely populated region and its Mediterranean character, the Llobregat supports a mixture of irregular flow, water abstraction, excess nutrients, mining debris, and a wide array of pollutants. The aquatic organisms strive to survive in a dramatically changing river that passes through a succession of dams, weirs and channels. The long-term river monitoring as well as the research that has been carried out in the river for a long time have provided an extensive knowledge of these disturbances and their effects on the biological communities. This book highlights the available information, with emphasis on the hydrological, chemical and biological elements interspersed in the river. Experts in the field discuss the main nutrient patterns and pollutant occurrence and the responses of the biological quality elements as well as the river ecosystem to the overall natural and man-made influences.
Book Synopsis Anthropogenic Pollution of Aquatic Ecosystems by : Donat-P. Häder
Download or read book Anthropogenic Pollution of Aquatic Ecosystems written by Donat-P. Häder and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides examples of pollutants, such as accidental oil spills and non-degradable plastic debris, which affect marine organisms of all taxa. Terrestrial runoff washes large amounts of dissolved organic materials from agriculture and industry, toxic heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and persistent organic pollutants which end up into rivers, coastal habitats, and open waters. While this book is not intended to encyclopaedically list all kinds of pollution, it rather exemplifies the problems by concentrating on a number of serious and prominent recent developments. The chapters in this book also discuss measures to decrease and remove aquatic pollution to mitigate the stress on aquatic organisms. Aquatic ecosystems provide a wide range of ecological and economical services. In addition to providing a large share of the staple diet for a fast growing human population, oceans absorb most of the anthropogenically emitted carbon dioxide and mitigate climate change. As well as rising temperatures and ocean acidification, pollution poses increasing problems for aquatic ecosystems and organisms reducing its functioning and services which are exposed to a plethora of stress factors.
Book Synopsis Cationic Surfactants by : John Cross
Download or read book Cationic Surfactants written by John Cross and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work focuses on the environmental availability and effects, toxicological properties and numerous applications of cationic surfactants, detaling the modern analytical processes by which this important class of compounds may be studied. It discusses the types of microorganisms that are susceptible or refractory to the actions of cationic agents.
Download or read book Biodegradation written by Rolando Chamy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a collection of different biodegradation research activities where biological processes take place. The book has two main sections: A) Polymers and Surfactants Biodegradation and B) Biodegradation: Microbial Behaviour.
Book Synopsis Analytical Measurements in Aquatic Environments by : Jacek Namiesnik
Download or read book Analytical Measurements in Aquatic Environments written by Jacek Namiesnik and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-08-26 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even a cursory perusal of any analytical journal will demonstrate the increasing important of trace and ultra-trace analysis. And as instrumentation continues to develop, the definition of the term "trace element" will undoubtedly continue to change. Covering the composition and underlying properties of freshwater and marine systems, Analytical Measurements in Aquatic Environments provides the basis for understanding both. It discusses all aspects of analytical protocols from the handling of representative samples to the metrological evaluation of specific steps and whole procedures. The book covers: handling of representative samples sample preservation techniques extraction techniques speciation analytics solvent-free sample preparation for analysis application of biotests bioanalytical methods for monitoring green analytical chemistry-application of the concept of sustainability in analytical laboratories application of the Life Cycle Assessment approach quality control and quality assurance of analytical results enhanced techniques of sample preparation hyphenated analytical techniques Ecotoxicological considerations and the effort to achieve an increasingly accurate description of the state of the environment challenge analytical chemists who need to determine increasingly lower concentrations of various analytes in samples that have complex and even non-homogenous matrices. The newly coined expression "analytics" emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of available methods for obtaining information about material systems, with many methods that exceed the strict definition of analytical chemistry. Drawing on the disciplines of chemistry, physics, computer science, electronics, material science, and chemometrics, this book provides in depth information on the most important problems in analytics of samples from aquatic ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Surfactant Biodegradation by : Robert Donald Swisher
Download or read book Surfactant Biodegradation written by Robert Donald Swisher and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Surfactants by : Thomas M. Schmitt
Download or read book Analysis of Surfactants written by Thomas M. Schmitt and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1992 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents descriptions and practical examples of all techniques applied to the analysis of surfactants from the characterization of commercial compounds to their determination in formulated products and their detection at trace levels in the environment. Literature is reviewed through 1990, with app
Download or read book Detergents written by N.T. de Oude and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary subject, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environ mental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occuring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environ mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over five million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about one hundred and fifty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modifications, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits. Cities and metropolitan areas of up to 15 million inhabitants produce large quantities ofwaste in relatively small and confined areas. Much of the chemical products and was te products of modern society are released into the environment either during production, storage, transport, use or ultimate disposal. These released materials participate in natural cycles and reactions and frequently lead to interference and disturbance of natural systems.
