Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Crustal-scale Processes

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862391918
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Crustal-scale Processes by : Susanne Janita Henriët Buiter

Download or read book Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Crustal-scale Processes written by Susanne Janita Henriët Buiter and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2006 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crust of the Earth records the deformational processes of the inner Earth and the influence of the overlying atmosphere. The state of the Earth's crust at any time is therefore the result of internal and external processes, which occur on different time and spatial scales. In recent years important steps forward in the understanding of such complex processes have been made by integrating theory and observations with experimental and computer models. This volume presents state-of-the-art analogue and numerical models of processes that alter the Earth's crust. It shows the application of models in a broad range of geological problems with careful documentation of the modelling approach used. This volume contains contributions on analogue and numerical sandbox models, models of orogenic processes, models of sedimentary basins, models of surface processes and deformation, and models of faults and fluid flow.

Introduction to Numerical Geodynamic Modelling

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521887542
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Numerical Geodynamic Modelling by : Taras Gerya

Download or read book Introduction to Numerical Geodynamic Modelling written by Taras Gerya and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This user-friendly reference for students and researchers presents the basic mathematical theory, before introducing modelling of key geodynamic processes.

Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535111930
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation by : Yasuto Itoh

Download or read book Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation written by Yasuto Itoh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the mechanisms of sedimentary basin formation on active plate margins, which show enormous diversity reflecting complex tectonic processes. Multidisciplinary approach pursuing basin-forming mechanism is based on geology, sedimentology, geochronology and geophysics. Some chapters are dedicated to the genetic analysis of sedimentary basins in wrench deformation zones in forearc and intra-arc regions. Another block of chapters deals with basin formation in peripheral regions of Eurasia and intra-arc / foreland basins under the influence of the fluctuation of stress regimes. Finally geophysical approaches to basin analyses are shown in some chapters from microscopic to regional scales. Diverse contents of the chapters provide the audience with the present accomplishments of basin researches on active margins by Earth scientists.

Faulting, Fracturing and Igneous Intrusion in the Earth's Crust

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862393478
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Faulting, Fracturing and Igneous Intrusion in the Earth's Crust by : David Healy

Download or read book Faulting, Fracturing and Igneous Intrusion in the Earth's Crust written by David Healy and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2012 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geologists have long grappled with understanding the mechanical origins of rock deformation. Stress regimes control the nucleation, growth and reactivation of faults and fractures; induce seismic activity; affect the transport of magma; and modulate structural permeability, thereby influencing the redistribution of hydrothermal and hydrocarbon fluids. Experimentalists endeavour to recreate deformation structures observed in nature under controlled stress conditions. Earth scientists studying earthquakes will attempt to monitor or deduce stress changes in the Earth as it actively deforms. All are building upon the pioneering research and concepts of Ernest Masson Anderson, dating back to the start of the twentieth century. This volume celebrates Anderson's legacy, with 14 original research papers that examine faulting and seismic hazard; structural inheritance; the role of local and regional stress fields; low angle faults and the role of pore fluids; supplemented by reviews of Andersonian approaches and a reprint of his classic paper of 1905--

Computational Methods for Geodynamics

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139489356
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Methods for Geodynamics by : Alik Ismail-Zadeh

Download or read book Computational Methods for Geodynamics written by Alik Ismail-Zadeh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-22 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written as both a textbook and a handy reference, this text deliberately avoids complex mathematics assuming only basic familiarity with geodynamic theory and calculus. Here, the authors have brought together the key numerical techniques for geodynamic modeling, demonstrations of how to solve problems including lithospheric deformation, mantle convection and the geodynamo. Building from a discussion of the fundamental principles of mathematical and numerical modeling, the text moves into critical examinations of each of the different techniques before concluding with a detailed analysis of specific geodynamic applications. Key differences between methods and their respective limitations are also discussed - showing readers when and how to apply a particular method in order to produce the most accurate results. This is an essential text for advanced courses on numerical and computational modeling in geodynamics and geophysics, and an invaluable resource for researchers looking to master cutting-edge techniques. Links to supplementary computer codes are available online.

Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400721625
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences by : Yasuhiro Yamada

Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by Yasuhiro Yamada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine mass movements represent major offshore geohazards due to their destructive and tsunami-generation potential. This potential poses a threat to human life as well as to coastal, nearshore and offshore engineering structures. Recent examples of catastrophic submarine landslide events that affected human populations (including tsunamis) are numerous; e.g., Nice airport in 1979, Papua-New Guinea in 1998, Stromboli in 2002, Finneidfjord in 1996, and the 2006 and 2009 failures in the submarine cable network around Taiwan. The Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 also generated submarine landslides that may have amplified effects of the devastating tsunami. Given that 30% of the World’s population live within 60 km of the coast, the hazard posed by submarine landslides is expected to grow as global sea level rises. This elevated awareness of the need for better understanding of submarine landslides is coupled with great advances in submarine mapping, sampling and monitoring technologies. Laboratory analogue and numerical modeling capabilities have also developed significantly of late. Multibeam sonar, 3D seismic reflection, and remote and autonomous underwater vehicle technologies provide hitherto unparalleled imagery of the geology beneath the oceans, permitting investigation of submarine landslide deposits in great detail. Increased and new access to drilling, coring, in situ measurements and monitoring devices allows for ground-thruth of geophysical data and provides access to samples for geotechnical laboratory experiments and information on in situ strength and effective stress conditions of underwater slopes susceptible to fail. Great advances in numerical simulation techniques of submarine landslide kinematics and tsunami propagation, particularly since the 2004 Sumatra tsunami, have also lead to increased understanding and predictability of submarine landslide consequences. This volume consists of the latest scientific research by international experts in geological, geophysical, engineering and environmental aspects of submarine mass failure, focused on understanding the full spectrum of challenges presented by submarine mass movements and their consequences.

Geodynamic Processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862396531
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Geodynamic Processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina by : S.A. Sepúlveda

Download or read book Geodynamic Processes in the Andes of Central Chile and Argentina written by S.A. Sepúlveda and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Publication arises from the UNESCO-sponsored IGCP 586-Y project `The tectonics and geomorphology of the Andes (32°–34°S): interplay between short-term and long-term processes’. It includes state-of-the-art reviews and original articles from a multidisciplinary perspective that investigate the complex interactions of tectonics and surface processes in the subduction-related orogen of the Andes of central Chile and Argentina (c. 27° –39°S). It aims to improve our understanding of tectonic and landscape evolution of the Andean range at different time scales, as well as the mutual relationship between internal and external mechanisms in Cenozoic deformation, mountain building, topographic evolution, basin development and mega-landslides occurrence across the flat slab to normal subduction segments. The geodynamic processes of the Andes of central Chile and Argentina are analysed from a number of subdisciplines of the Earth sciences, including tectonics, petrology, geophysics, geochemistry, structural geology, geomorphology, engineering geology, stratigraphy and sedimentology.

The Geologic Time Scale 2012

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444594256
Total Pages : 1176 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis The Geologic Time Scale 2012 by : F M Gradstein

Download or read book The Geologic Time Scale 2012 written by F M Gradstein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geologic Time Scale 2012, winner of a 2012 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Best Multi-volume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers, is the framework for deciphering the history of our planet Earth. The authors have been at the forefront of chronostratigraphic research and initiatives to create an international geologic time scale for many years, and the charts in this book present the most up-to-date, international standard, as ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and the International Union of Geological Sciences. This 2012 geologic time scale is an enhanced, improved and expanded version of the GTS2004, including chapters on planetary scales, the Cryogenian-Ediacaran periods/systems, a prehistory scale of human development, a survey of sequence stratigraphy, and an extensive compilation of stable-isotope chemostratigraphy. This book is an essential reference for all geoscientists, including researchers, students, and petroleum and mining professionals. The presentation is non-technical and illustrated with numerous colour charts, maps and photographs. The book also includes a detachable wall chart of the complete time scale for use as a handy reference in the office, laboratory or field. The most detailed international geologic time scale available that contextualizes information in one single reference for quick desktop access Gives insights in the construction, strengths, and limitations of the geological time scale that greatly enhances its function and its utility Aids understanding by combining with the mathematical and statistical methods to scaled composites of global succession of events Meets the needs of a range of users at various points in the workflow (researchers extracting linear time from rock records, students recognizing the geologic stage by their content)

Earth's Oldest Rocks

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444639020
Total Pages : 1112 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Earth's Oldest Rocks by : Martin J. Van Kranendonk

Download or read book Earth's Oldest Rocks written by Martin J. Van Kranendonk and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth’s Oldest Rocks, Second Edition, is the only single reference source for geological research of early Earth. This new edition is an up-to-date collection of scientific articles on all aspects of the early history of the Earth, from planetary accretion at 4.567 billion years ago (Ga), to the onset of modern-style plate tectonics at 3.2 Ga. Since the first edition was published, significant new advances have been made in our understanding of events and processes on early Earth that correspond with new advances in technology. The book includes contributions from over 100 authors, all of whom are experts in their respective fields. The research in this reference concentrates on what is directly gleaned from the existing rock record to understand how our planet formed and evolved during the planetary accretion phase, formation of the first crust, the changing dynamics of the mantle and style of tectonics, life’s foothold and early development, and mineral deposits. It is an ideal resource for academics, students and the general public alike. Advances in early Earth research since 2007 based primarily on evidence gleaned directly from the rock record More than 50% of the chapters in this edition are new and the rest of the chapters are revised from the first edition, with more than 700 pages of new material Comprehensive reviews of areas of ancient lithosphere from all over the world, and of crust-forming processes New chapters on early solar system materials, composition of the ancient atmosphere-hydrosphere, and overviews of the oldest evidence of life on Earth, and modeling of early Earth tectonics

Continental Rifted Margins 1

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119986915
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Continental Rifted Margins 1 by : Gwenn Peron-Pinvidic

Download or read book Continental Rifted Margins 1 written by Gwenn Peron-Pinvidic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-06-03 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rifted margins mark the transition between continents and oceans, which are the two first-order types of land masses on Earth. Rifted margins contribute to our understanding of lithospheric extensional processes and are studied by various disciplines of Earth Science (geology, geophysics, geochemistry). Thanks to better and wider public access to high-quality data, our understanding in these areas has improved significantly over these last two decades. This book summarizes this knowledge evolution and details where we stand today, with a series of case examples included. It is structured in a practical way, with concise text descriptions and comprehensive diagrams. Continental Rifted Margins 1 is a useful resource for students and newcomers to the rifted margin community - a "cookbook" of sorts to facilitate the reading of scientific publications and provide basic definitions and explanations.

Evolution of Archean Crust and Early Life

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9400776152
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution of Archean Crust and Early Life by : Yildirim Dilek

Download or read book Evolution of Archean Crust and Early Life written by Yildirim Dilek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an integrated approach to the study of the evolution of the Archean lithosphere, biosphere and atmosphere, and as such it is a unique contribution to our understanding of the early Earth and life. The structural and geochemical make-up of both the oceanic and continental crust of the Archean Earth is documented in some case studies of various cratons, and the implications of the Phanerozoic plate and plume tectonic processes for the Archean geology are discussed in several chapters in the book. All chapters are process-oriented and data-rich, and reflect the most recent knowledge and information on the Archean Earth. The interdisciplinary approach of examining the evolution of the Archean crust, oceans, and life that we adopt in this book sets it apart from previous publications on Precambrian geology. The book will be attractive to researchers in academia and in industry, and to senior undergraduate students, graduate students and faculty in earth and natural sciences.

Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 6

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444535721
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 6 by : Anthony B Watts

Download or read book Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 6 written by Anthony B Watts and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-05-13 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics: Crust and Lithosphere Dynamics, Volume 6, provides a comprehensive review of the state of knowledge on crust and lithosphere dynamics, which is defined as the study of how the outermost layers of the Earth respond to loads that are emplaced on, within, and below it and its implications for plate mechanics and mantle flow. The book begins with a chapter on plate kinematics, which shows how new observations and methodologies have improved the resolution of relative and absolute plate motions. This is followed by studies of plate mechanics, focusing on the long-term rheology of the plates and response of the plates to both relatively short-term and long-term loads. The book also includes chapters that examine the evidence from surface heat flow, borehole breakouts, and magma models for the thermal and mechanical structure of the lithosphere; the deformation of the lithosphere in extensional and compressional settings. The final two chapters deal with the structural styles of faulting in the shallow brittle part of the lithosphere, the brittle-ductile transition, and the shear zone in the ductile part of the lithosphere; and how developments in plate mechanics have impacted our understanding of geological processes. Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding Content suited for both the expert and non-expert

Clearer Picture of the Spatiotemporal Growth of a Pull-Apart Basin

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 0850143691
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Clearer Picture of the Spatiotemporal Growth of a Pull-Apart Basin by : Yasuto Itoh

Download or read book Clearer Picture of the Spatiotemporal Growth of a Pull-Apart Basin written by Yasuto Itoh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-12-06 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the evolution of active plate margins, with a focus on the Pacific NW. A multidisciplinary study aiming at the elucidation of complicated tectonic processes is based on structural geology, sedimentology, numerical modeling, and the latest methodology of geophysics. A high-resolution 3D seismic data acquisition system was developed for visualization of the shallow subsurface and has revealed recent architectures and sedimentary facies in a pull-apart basin along an arc-bisecting fault of southwest Japan. Based on this geophysical achievement, paleoenvironments during the latest Pleistocene are vividly restored by means of seismic attribute analyses. The scientific results presented here pave the way for further investigations on mobile belt frontiers where harsh conditions hinder efforts to decipher the Earth’s dynamics.

Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470684054
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology by : G. Mathias Kondolf

Download or read book Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology written by G. Mathias Kondolf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-13 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluvial Geomorphology studies the biophysical processes acting in rivers, and the sediment patterns and landforms resulting from them. It is a discipline of synthesis, with roots in geology, geography, and river engineering, and with strong interactions with allied fields such as ecology, engineering and landscape architecture. This book comprehensively reviews tools used in fluvial geomorphology, at a level suitable to guide the selection of research methods for a given question. Presenting an integrated approach to the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, it provides guidance for researchers and professionals on the tools available to answer questions on river restoration and management. Thoroughly updated since the first edition in 2003 by experts in their subfields, the book presents state-of-the-art tools that have revolutionized fluvial geomorphology in recent decades, such as physical and numerical modelling, remote sensing and GIS, new field techniques, advances in dating, tracking and sourcing, statistical approaches as well as more traditional methods such as the systems framework, stratigraphic analysis, form and flow characterisation and historical analysis. This book: Covers five main types of geomorphological questions and their associated tools: historical framework; spatial framework; chemical, physical and biological methods; analysis of processes and forms; and future understanding framework. Provides guidance on advantages and limitations of different tools for different applications, data sources, equipment and supplies needed, and case studies illustrating their application in an integrated perspective. It is an essential resource for researchers and professional geomorphologists, hydrologists, geologists, engineers, planners, and ecologists concerned with river management, conservation and restoration. It is a useful supplementary textbook for upper level undergraduate and graduate courses in Geography, Geology, Environmental Science, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and interdisciplinary courses in river management and restoration.

The Variscan Orogeny

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862396582
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Variscan Orogeny by : K. Schulmann

Download or read book The Variscan Orogeny written by K. Schulmann and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarizes the state of the art of Variscan geology from Iberia to the Bohemian Massif. The European Variscan belt consists of two orogens: the older, northern and the younger, southern. The northern Variscan realm was dominated by Late Devonian–Carboniferous rifting, subduction and collisional events as defined by sedimentary records, crustal growth, recycling of continental crust and large-scale deformations. In contrast, the southern European crust was reworked by major Late Carboniferous collision followed by Permian wrenching. The Late Carboniferous–Permian orogeny overprinted the previously accreted system in the north, but with much lower intensity, resulting in magmatic recycling and extensional tectonics. These two main orogenic cycles do not reflect episodic evolution of a single orogenic system but a complete change in orientation of stress field, thermal regime, degree of reworking and recycling of European crust, reflecting a major switch in plate configurations at the Early–Late Carboniferous boundary.

Encyclopedia of Geology

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0081029098
Total Pages : 5634 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Geology by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 5634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Geology, Second Edition presents in six volumes state-of-the-art reviews on the various aspects of geologic research, all of which have moved on considerably since the writing of the first edition. New areas of discussion include extinctions, origins of life, plate tectonics and its influence on faunal provinces, new types of mineral and hydrocarbon deposits, new methods of dating rocks, and geological processes. Users will find this to be a fundamental resource for teachers and students of geology, as well as researchers and non-geology professionals seeking up-to-date reviews of geologic research. Provides a comprehensive and accessible one-stop shop for information on the subject of geology, explaining methodologies and technical jargon used in the field Highlights connections between geology and other physical and biological sciences, tackling research problems that span multiple fields Fills a critical gap of information in a field that has seen significant progress in past years Presents an ideal reference for a wide range of scientists in earth and environmental areas of study

Numerical Modeling in Micromechanics via Particle Methods

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135142758X
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Numerical Modeling in Micromechanics via Particle Methods by : H. Konietzky

Download or read book Numerical Modeling in Micromechanics via Particle Methods written by H. Konietzky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particle methods have seen increasing use in several engineering and scientific fields, both because of their unique modelling capabilities and the availability of the necessary computational power. This title focuses on their theory and application.