An Introduction To Proofs With Set Theory

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An Introduction to Proofs with Set Theory

Author : Daniel Ashlock
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031024265
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Proofs with Set Theory by : Daniel Ashlock

Download or read book An Introduction to Proofs with Set Theory written by Daniel Ashlock and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is intended as an introduction to mathematical proofs for students. It is distilled from the lecture notes for a course focused on set theory subject matter as a means of teaching proofs. Chapter 1 contains an introduction and provides a brief summary of some background material students may be unfamiliar with. Chapters 2 and 3 introduce the basics of logic for students not yet familiar with these topics. Included is material on Boolean logic, propositions and predicates, logical operations, truth tables, tautologies and contradictions, rules of inference and logical arguments. Chapter 4 introduces mathematical proofs, including proof conventions, direct proofs, proof-by-contradiction, and proof-by-contraposition. Chapter 5 introduces the basics of naive set theory, including Venn diagrams and operations on sets. Chapter 6 introduces mathematical induction and recurrence relations. Chapter 7 introduces set-theoretic functions and covers injective, surjective, and bijective functions, as well as permutations. Chapter 8 covers the fundamental properties of the integers including primes, unique factorization, and Euclid's algorithm. Chapter 9 is an introduction to combinatorics; topics included are combinatorial proofs, binomial and multinomial coefficients, the Inclusion-Exclusion principle, and counting the number of surjective functions between finite sets. Chapter 10 introduces relations and covers equivalence relations and partial orders. Chapter 11 covers number bases, number systems, and operations. Chapter 12 covers cardinality, including basic results on countable and uncountable infinities, and introduces cardinal numbers. Chapter 13 expands on partial orders and introduces ordinal numbers. Chapter 14 examines the paradoxes of naive set theory and introduces and discusses axiomatic set theory. This chapter also includes Cantor's Paradox, Russel's Paradox, a discussion of axiomatic theories, an exposition on Zermelo‒Fraenkel Set Theory with the Axiom of Choice, and a brief explanation of Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems.

Proofs from THE BOOK

Author : Martin Aigner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662223430
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Proofs from THE BOOK by : Martin Aigner

Download or read book Proofs from THE BOOK written by Martin Aigner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the great mathematician Paul Erdös, God maintains perfect mathematical proofs in The Book. This book presents the authors candidates for such "perfect proofs," those which contain brilliant ideas, clever connections, and wonderful observations, bringing new insight and surprising perspectives to problems from number theory, geometry, analysis, combinatorics, and graph theory. As a result, this book will be fun reading for anyone with an interest in mathematics.

Write Your Own Proofs

Author : Amy Babich
Publisher : Courier Dover Publications
ISBN 13 : 0486832813
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (868 download)

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Book Synopsis Write Your Own Proofs by : Amy Babich

Download or read book Write Your Own Proofs written by Amy Babich and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a pair of math teachers and based on their classroom notes and experiences, this introductory treatment of theory, proof techniques, and related concepts is designed for undergraduate courses. No knowledge of calculus is assumed, making it a useful text for students at many levels. The focus is on teaching students to prove theorems and write mathematical proofs so that others can read them. Since proving theorems takes lots of practice, this text is designed to provide plenty of exercises. The authors break the theorems into pieces and walk readers through examples, encouraging them to use mathematical notation and write proofs themselves. Topics include propositional logic, set notation, basic set theory proofs, relations, functions, induction, countability, and some combinatorics, including a small amount of probability. The text is ideal for courses in discrete mathematics or logic and set theory, and its accessibility makes the book equally suitable for classes in mathematics for liberal arts students or courses geared toward proof writing in mathematics.

An Introduction to Proof Theory

Author : Paolo Mancosu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192895931
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Proof Theory by : Paolo Mancosu

Download or read book An Introduction to Proof Theory written by Paolo Mancosu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Proof Theory provides an accessible introduction to the theory of proofs, with details of proofs worked out and examples and exercises to aid the reader's understanding. It also serves as a companion to reading the original pathbreaking articles by Gerhard Gentzen. The first half covers topics in structural proof theory, including the Gödel-Gentzen translation of classical into intuitionistic logic (and arithmetic), natural deduction and the normalization theorems (for both NJ and NK), the sequent calculus, including cut-elimination and mid-sequent theorems, and various applications of these results. The second half examines ordinal proof theory, specifically Gentzen's consistency proof for first-order Peano Arithmetic. The theory of ordinal notations and other elements of ordinal theory are developed from scratch, and no knowledge of set theory is presumed. The proof methods needed to establish proof-theoretic results, especially proof by induction, are introduced in stages throughout the text. Mancosu, Galvan, and Zach's introduction will provide a solid foundation for those looking to understand this central area of mathematical logic and the philosophy of mathematics.

Set Theory An Introduction To Independence Proofs

Author : K. Kunen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080570585
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Set Theory An Introduction To Independence Proofs by : K. Kunen

Download or read book Set Theory An Introduction To Independence Proofs written by K. Kunen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics, Volume 102: Set Theory: An Introduction to Independence Proofs offers an introduction to relative consistency proofs in axiomatic set theory, including combinatorics, sets, trees, and forcing. The book first tackles the foundations of set theory and infinitary combinatorics. Discussions focus on the Suslin problem, Martin's axiom, almost disjoint and quasi-disjoint sets, trees, extensionality and comprehension, relations, functions, and well-ordering, ordinals, cardinals, and real numbers. The manuscript then ponders on well-founded sets and easy consistency proofs, including relativization, absoluteness, reflection theorems, properties of well-founded sets, and induction and recursion on well-founded relations. The publication examines constructible sets, forcing, and iterated forcing. Topics include Easton forcing, general iterated forcing, Cohen model, forcing with partial functions of larger cardinality, forcing with finite partial functions, and general extensions. The manuscript is a dependable source of information for mathematicians and researchers interested in set theory.

A Logical Introduction to Proof

Author : Daniel W. Cunningham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461436311
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis A Logical Introduction to Proof by : Daniel W. Cunningham

Download or read book A Logical Introduction to Proof written by Daniel W. Cunningham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-19 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is intended for students who want to learn how to prove theorems and be better prepared for the rigors required in more advance mathematics. One of the key components in this textbook is the development of a methodology to lay bare the structure underpinning the construction of a proof, much as diagramming a sentence lays bare its grammatical structure. Diagramming a proof is a way of presenting the relationships between the various parts of a proof. A proof diagram provides a tool for showing students how to write correct mathematical proofs.

Basic Concepts of Mathematics

Author : Elias Zakon
Publisher : The Trillia Group
ISBN 13 : 1931705003
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Concepts of Mathematics by : Elias Zakon

Download or read book Basic Concepts of Mathematics written by Elias Zakon and published by The Trillia Group. This book was released on 2001 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs

Author : Nicholas A. Loehr
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000709809
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs by : Nicholas A. Loehr

Download or read book An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs written by Nicholas A. Loehr and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs presents fundamental material on logic, proof methods, set theory, number theory, relations, functions, cardinality, and the real number system. The text uses a methodical, detailed, and highly structured approach to proof techniques and related topics. No prerequisites are needed beyond high-school algebra. New material is presented in small chunks that are easy for beginners to digest. The author offers a friendly style without sacrificing mathematical rigor. Ideas are developed through motivating examples, precise definitions, carefully stated theorems, clear proofs, and a continual review of preceding topics. Features Study aids including section summaries and over 1100 exercises Careful coverage of individual proof-writing skills Proof annotations and structural outlines clarify tricky steps in proofs Thorough treatment of multiple quantifiers and their role in proofs Unified explanation of recursive definitions and induction proofs, with applications to greatest common divisors and prime factorizations About the Author: Nicholas A. Loehr is an associate professor of mathematics at Virginia Technical University. He has taught at College of William and Mary, United States Naval Academy, and University of Pennsylvania. He has won many teaching awards at three different schools. He has published over 50 journal articles. He also authored three other books for CRC Press, including Combinatorics, Second Edition, and Advanced Linear Algebra.

Introduction to Proof in Abstract Mathematics

Author : Andrew Wohlgemuth
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486141683
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Proof in Abstract Mathematics by : Andrew Wohlgemuth

Download or read book Introduction to Proof in Abstract Mathematics written by Andrew Wohlgemuth and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2014-06-10 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this undergraduate text is to teach students to do mathematical proofs. It enables readers to recognize the elements that constitute an acceptable proof, and it develops their ability to do proofs of routine problems as well as those requiring creative insights. The self-contained treatment features many exercises, problems, and selected answers, including worked-out solutions. Starting with sets and rules of inference, this text covers functions, relations, operation, and the integers. Additional topics include proofs in analysis, cardinality, and groups. Six appendixes offer supplemental material. Teachers will welcome the return of this long-out-of-print volume, appropriate for both one- and two-semester courses.

A Book of Set Theory

Author : Charles C Pinter
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486497089
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis A Book of Set Theory by : Charles C Pinter

Download or read book A Book of Set Theory written by Charles C Pinter and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2014-07-23 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This accessible approach to set theory for upper-level undergraduates poses rigorous but simple arguments. Each definition is accompanied by commentary that motivates and explains new concepts. A historical introduction is followed by discussions of classes and sets, functions, natural and cardinal numbers, the arithmetic of ordinal numbers, and related topics. 1971 edition with new material by the author"--

Set Theory

Author : Kenneth Kunen
Publisher : Elsevier Science Limited
ISBN 13 : 9780444854018
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis Set Theory by : Kenneth Kunen

Download or read book Set Theory written by Kenneth Kunen and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 1980-01-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book of Proof

Author : Richard H. Hammack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780989472111
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis Book of Proof by : Richard H. Hammack

Download or read book Book of Proof written by Richard H. Hammack and published by . This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. It lays a foundation for more theoretical courses such as topology, analysis and abstract algebra. Although it may be more meaningful to the student who has had some calculus, there is really no prerequisite other than a measure of mathematical maturity.

Fundamentals of Mathematics

Author : Bernd S. W. Schröder
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780470551387
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Mathematics by : Bernd S. W. Schröder

Download or read book Fundamentals of Mathematics written by Bernd S. W. Schröder and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2010-08-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible introduction to abstract mathematics with an emphasis on proof writing Addressing the importance of constructing and understanding mathematical proofs, Fundamentals of Mathematics: An Introduction to Proofs, Logic, Sets, and Numbers introduces key concepts from logic and set theory as well as the fundamental definitions of algebra to prepare readers for further study in the field of mathematics. The author supplies a seamless, hands-on presentation of number systems, utilizing key elements of logic and set theory and encouraging readers to abide by the fundamental rule that you are not allowed to use any results that you have not proved yet. The book begins with a focus on the elements of logic used in everyday mathematical language, exposing readers to standard proof methods and Russell's Paradox. Once this foundation is established, subsequent chapters explore more rigorous mathematical exposition that outlines the requisite elements of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory and constructs the natural numbers and integers as well as rational, real, and complex numbers in a rigorous, yet accessible manner. Abstraction is introduced as a tool, and special focus is dedicated to concrete, accessible applications, such as public key encryption, that are made possible by abstract ideas. The book concludes with a self-contained proof of Abel's Theorem and an investigation of deeper set theory by introducing the Axiom of Choice, ordinal numbers, and cardinal numbers. Throughout each chapter, proofs are written in much detail with explicit indications that emphasize the main ideas and techniques of proof writing. Exercises at varied levels of mathematical development allow readers to test their understanding of the material, and a related Web site features video presentations for each topic, which can be used along with the book or independently for self-study. Classroom-tested to ensure a fluid and accessible presentation, Fundamentals of Mathematics is an excellent book for mathematics courses on proofs, logic, and set theory at the upper-undergraduate level as well as a supplement for transition courses that prepare students for the rigorous mathematical reasoning of advanced calculus, real analysis, and modern algebra. The book is also a suitable reference for professionals in all areas of mathematics education who are interested in mathematical proofs and the foundation upon which all mathematics is built.

Notes on Set Theory

Author : Yiannis Moschovakis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475741537
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Notes on Set Theory by : Yiannis Moschovakis

Download or read book Notes on Set Theory written by Yiannis Moschovakis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What this book is about. The theory of sets is a vibrant, exciting math ematical theory, with its own basic notions, fundamental results and deep open problems, and with significant applications to other mathematical theories. At the same time, axiomatic set theory is often viewed as a foun dation ofmathematics: it is alleged that all mathematical objects are sets, and their properties can be derived from the relatively few and elegant axioms about sets. Nothing so simple-minded can be quite true, but there is little doubt that in standard, current mathematical practice, "making a notion precise" is essentially synonymous with "defining it in set theory. " Set theory is the official language of mathematics, just as mathematics is the official language of science. Like most authors of elementary, introductory books about sets, I have tried to do justice to both aspects of the subject. From straight set theory, these Notes cover the basic facts about "ab stract sets," including the Axiom of Choice, transfinite recursion, and car dinal and ordinal numbers. Somewhat less common is the inclusion of a chapter on "pointsets" which focuses on results of interest to analysts and introduces the reader to the Continuum Problem, central to set theory from the very beginning.

Set Theory and the Continuum Hypothesis

Author : Paul J. Cohen
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486469212
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Set Theory and the Continuum Hypothesis by : Paul J. Cohen

Download or read book Set Theory and the Continuum Hypothesis written by Paul J. Cohen and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2008-12-09 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exploration of a notorious mathematical problem is the work of the man who discovered the solution. Written by an award-winning professor at Stanford University, it employs intuitive explanations as well as detailed mathematical proofs in a self-contained treatment. This unique text and reference is suitable for students and professionals. 1966 edition. Copyright renewed 1994.

Set Theory

Author : Daniel W. Cunningham
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107120322
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Set Theory by : Daniel W. Cunningham

Download or read book Set Theory written by Daniel W. Cunningham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set theory can be considered a unifying theory for mathematics. This book covers the fundamentals of the subject.

Introduction · to Mathematical Structures and · Proofs

Author : Larry Gerstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468467085
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction · to Mathematical Structures and · Proofs by : Larry Gerstein

Download or read book Introduction · to Mathematical Structures and · Proofs written by Larry Gerstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a textbook for a one-term course whose goal is to ease the transition from lower-division calculus courses to upper-division courses in linear and abstract algebra, real and complex analysis, number theory, topology, combinatorics, and so on. Without such a "bridge" course, most upper division instructors feel the need to start their courses with the rudiments of logic, set theory, equivalence relations, and other basic mathematical raw materials before getting on with the subject at hand. Students who are new to higher mathematics are often startled to discover that mathematics is a subject of ideas, and not just formulaic rituals, and that they are now expected to understand and create mathematical proofs. Mastery of an assortment of technical tricks may have carried the students through calculus, but it is no longer a guarantee of academic success. Students need experience in working with abstract ideas at a nontrivial level if they are to achieve the sophisticated blend of knowledge, disci pline, and creativity that we call "mathematical maturity. " I don't believe that "theorem-proving" can be taught any more than "question-answering" can be taught. Nevertheless, I have found that it is possible to guide stu dents gently into the process of mathematical proof in such a way that they become comfortable with the experience and begin asking them selves questions that will lead them in the right direction.