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An Experimental Study Of Some Problems In The Recovery Of Crude Oil From Loose Sands By Means Of Alkaline Floods
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Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of Some Problems in the Recovery of Crude Oil from Loose Sands by Means of Alkaline Floods by : Wendell Phillips Rand
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Some Problems in the Recovery of Crude Oil from Loose Sands by Means of Alkaline Floods written by Wendell Phillips Rand and published by . This book was released on 1929 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by : James J. Sheng
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by James J. Sheng and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, we briefly present the fundamentals of alkaline flooding which include comparison of alkalis, alkaline reactions with crude oil, water and reservoir rock, and alkaline flooding mechanisms. Typical field injection data like alkaline injection concentrations and volumes, and field application conditions are discussed. Finally, we present two mobility-control cases in Russia, one case using high alkaline concentration in Hungary, one caustic-flooding case in India, three cases in the United States, and one case in a Canadian heavy oil field.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by : James J. Sheng
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by James J. Sheng and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter briefly presents the interactions between alkali and polymer and the drive mechanisms of alkaline-polymer flooding. The alkaline-polymer field cases presented in this chapter include those in Almy Sands (Isenhour Unit), Moorcroft West and Thompson Creek in Wyoming, David Lloydminster “A” Pool and Etzikom in Canada, and Xing-28 Block (Liaohe Field) and Yangsanmu in China.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by : James J. Sheng
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by James J. Sheng and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses about these interactions between alkali and surfactant: (1) addition of an alkali in a surfactant solution equivalently adds salt; (2) addition of an alkali in a surfactant solution changes the surfactant phase behavior; and (3) addition of an alkali in a surfactant solution reduces surfactant adsorption. After presenting those fundamentals, two field pilots are presented: Big Sinking field in East Kentucky and White Castle field in Louisiana.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Oil Recovery from Porous Material by Means of Carbon Dioxide Flooding by : Roohollah Partovi-Najafabadi
Download or read book Experimental Study of Oil Recovery from Porous Material by Means of Carbon Dioxide Flooding written by Roohollah Partovi-Najafabadi and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental Studies of Chemical Flooding in Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Shoja Shokofan
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Chemical Flooding in Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Shoja Shokofan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to oil reserve depletion, drastic oil price reduction, and an increase in production cost, the oil industry is highly interested in increasing recovery to the highest proportion in existing fields. The application of chemical flooding in the oil industry is an emerging area to tackle these issues. Recent research studies have shown that sustained flooding may have the potential to solve or manage several problems in the upstream petroleum industry including enhanced oil recovery (EOR). EOR is important because of the global energy demand expected to be met by the oil and gas industry. Chemical flooding can alter several properties of oil rocks such as wettability alteration, interfacial tension, oil viscosity, and mobility ratio. These alterations are the advantages of using EOR methods. This work involves introducing different types of flooding and studying their effect on oil recovery. However, it should be considered that in some cases flooding may have a negative impact and cause the porous media to block, instead of improving oil recovery. 2D glass micromodel and sand pack column are employed in this study to evaluate quantitatively and qualitatively the efficiency of different flooding types. In the first phase of experiments, the 2D glass micromodel is introduced to study different chemical flooding in porous media qualitatively. In the second phase the sand pack column is engaged to investigate petrophysical properties alteration of porous media and EOR for different flooding processes. Laboratory experiments were implemented under ambient pressure and temperature. The experimental results revealed that the injection of Nanosilica emulsion provides the highest recovery compared with other flooding methods.
Book Synopsis Improving Water Flood Recovery of Viscous Crude Oils by Chemical Control by : Gordon R. Scott
Download or read book Improving Water Flood Recovery of Viscous Crude Oils by Chemical Control written by Gordon R. Scott and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A laboratory study was made of a number of aqueous solutions of acids and alkalis to determine their suitability for water flooding crude oil reservoirs. Tests were run using sodium hydroxide solutions to displace viscous natural crude from an artificial pack of unconsolidated core sand. Sodium hydroxide increased oil recovery on these displacement tests. Tests indicate a change towards preferential water wetting of the sand after contact with weak sodium hydroxide solutions. The natural sand in the original state may be neutral or oil wet. The interfacial tension between brine and asphaltic crude oil was drastically reduced after addition of alkali to the aqueous phase. The reduction of interfacial tension influences the wettability of the system and the oil recovery. The results of the tests indicate that sodium hydroxide may develop as a practical method to increase water flood recovery. The research indicated some new problems which will have to be overcome before application of this technique to field use.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of Tertiary Recovery of Oil by Alkaline Steam Flooding by : Christian Udokwu Okoye
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Tertiary Recovery of Oil by Alkaline Steam Flooding written by Christian Udokwu Okoye and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tertiary Recovery of Acidic Crude Oils from Oilsands by : Edward Francis Dezabala
Download or read book Tertiary Recovery of Acidic Crude Oils from Oilsands written by Edward Francis Dezabala and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Patrizio Raffa
Download or read book Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Patrizio Raffa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Book Synopsis A Study of Certain Factors Influencing the Recovery of Petroleum from Sands by Water Flooding by : El-Hanafi El-Sayed Fahmy
Download or read book A Study of Certain Factors Influencing the Recovery of Petroleum from Sands by Water Flooding written by El-Hanafi El-Sayed Fahmy and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surfactant-enhanced Alkaline Flooding for Light-oil Recovery by : Darsh T. Wasan
Download or read book Surfactant-enhanced Alkaline Flooding for Light-oil Recovery written by Darsh T. Wasan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impact of Rock-fluid and Fluid-fluid Interactions in Chemical Flooding by : Eric Austin Sundstrom
Download or read book Impact of Rock-fluid and Fluid-fluid Interactions in Chemical Flooding written by Eric Austin Sundstrom and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical flooding has been researched extensively for the purposes of enhancing oil recovery. Alkaline-polymer (AP) and alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) injections both rely heavily on similar chemical components. The alkali can reduce interfacial tension (IFT) by reactions with the organic acids of the oil, reduce adsorption of surfactants, and alter wettability. The polymer agent increases the viscosity of the injected aqueous phase to attain a more favorable water-oil mobility ratio. The addition of an alkali to a straight polymer flood can further increase the efficiency in polymer flooding. The alkali can react with the rock, or minerals in the rock, to reduce polymer adsorption. The alkali can also interact with the polymer solution to decrease viscosity, allowing higher injectivity. These and other fluid-fluid and rock-fluid reactions have a significant impact on the performance of a chemical flood. Several core flooding experiments were run to compare oil recovery, resistance factors, and pressure differentials, for polymer, alkali, and AP tertiary floods. The conditions tested correspond to Wyoming's Minnelusa sandstone reservoirs. Berea sandstone cores were waterflooded to residual oil saturation, followed by a tertiary injection of either polymer, alkali, or AP solution, then finished with waterflooding. Two different alkalis, NaOH and Na2CO3 were used and compared for all experiments with alkali. Both single and two phase experiments were conducted to investigate oil recovery and rock-fluid interactions. Rheological experiments were conducted on polymer solutions varying the pH and ionic strength. IFT was measured using pendant-drop shape analysis. The adsorption of the polymer solutions was measured for dynamic and static conditions both with and without the alkalis. The results show that the addition of an alkali can increase oil recovery in both waterflooding and polymer flooding, but has a far more significant impact on the latter as a result of the rock-fluid and fluid-fluid interactions. The alkali addition to a polymer flood, or an AP injection, can decrease viscosity and adsorption of the polymer solution while increasing oil recovery. The decrease in viscosity can lead to an increase in injectivity, more favorable for field applications. As alkali concentration decreases through adsorption and reactions, polymer viscosity increases with the consequent restoration of a more favorable mobility ratio. The decrease in adsorption can also allow for a more economical flood design. The outcomes of this research may further improve chemical flood designs with the addition of an alkali to better understand recovery and injectivity due to the rock-fluid and fluid-fluid interactions when an alkali is one component of a chemical flood. Some of the conclusions of this work can be extended to other alkaline floods such as alkaline-surfactant-polymer injection.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of the Impact of Injection Water Composition on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Rocks by : Mohammed J. Alshakhs
Download or read book An Experimental Study of the Impact of Injection Water Composition on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Rocks written by Mohammed J. Alshakhs and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence from laboratory studies and field tests suggests that implementing certain modifications to the ionic composition of the injection brine leads to greater oil recovery from sandstone rocks. More recent studies indicate that salinity and ionic composition impact oil recovery from carbonate rocks. The mechanisms that take place and techniques of altering the salinity may be different from those experienced in clastic systems. This work examines experimentally the factors that influence oil recovery from carbonate rocks when the salinity is altered. It also investigates mechanisms that lead to greater oil recovery. A series of forced imbibition experiments were conducted at different total salinity and ionic composition using reservoir limestone cores and crude-oil. Brines of different salinities were injected sequentially into a core with realistic initial oil and water saturation. Additional incremental oil recovery of 4.4-6.4% of the original oil in place (OOIP) was observed, during the tertiary stage, when the injection seawater, that has a salinity of 55 kppm, was replaced by a new brine (MgSO4) of similar total salinity (45 kppm) and rich in Mg2+ and SO42- ions. The effect of reducing the total salinity was evaluated using outcrop limestone cores and another crude- oil. An incremental oil recovery increase of 3.2-6.5% was observed when twice-diluted seawater (29 kppm) was injected during the tertiary stage following seawater injection. Direct measurements of crude-oil contact-angles on smooth calcite surfaces suggest that the release of oil is caused by a wettability shift toward water wetness. The static water contact-angle was reduced from 92.9 to 58.7 when the brine was switched from seawater to MgSO4 solution of similar salinity. Similar reduction was observed when measurements were conducted using the fluids of the second system. The static water contact-angle was reduced from 70.1 to 58.9 when the brine was switched from seawater to twice-diluted seawater. The contribution of each component of the rock/brine/oil system to the wettability was evaluated by measuring zeta potential of water/oil and water/solid interfaces. DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek) theory of surface forces uses the measurements to predict disjoining pressure and contact-angle. The results rationalized observations of recovery and crude-oil adhesion to solids. They also show that Mg2+ ions play a key role in the wettability alteration process when MgSO4 brine was used and no significant contribution was observed for SO42- ions. For tests that used the twice diluted seawater, the wettability alteration was attributed to the additional Ca2+ ions that added to the brine from the rock dissolution. Conventional fluid flow simulation was able to predict the additional oil recovery that was observed in the core-flood experiments. The input relative permeabilities for each brine were generated using pore network modeling that simulated flow in a carbonate system under different wettability conditions.
Book Synopsis Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding by : Dinesh Ochhavlal Shah
Download or read book Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding written by Dinesh Ochhavlal Shah and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by : James J.Sheng
Download or read book Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by James J.Sheng and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crude oil development and production in U.S. oil reservoirs can include up to three distinct phases: primary, secondary, and tertiary (or enhanced) recovery. During primary recovery, the natural pressure of the reservoir or gravity drive oil into the wellbore, combined with artificial lift techniques (such as pumps) which bring the oil to the surface. But only about 10 percent of a reservoir's original oil in place is typically produced during primary recovery. Secondary recovery techniques to the field's productive life generally by injecting water or gas to displace oil and drive it to a production wellbore, resulting in the recovery of 20 to 40 percent of the original oil in place. In the past two decades, major oil companies and research organizations have conducted extensive theoretical and laboratory EOR (enhanced oil recovery) researches, to include validating pilot and field trials relevant to much needed domestic commercial application, while western countries had terminated such endeavours almost completely due to low oil prices. In recent years, oil demand has soared and now these operations have become more desirable. This book is about the recent developments in the area as well as the technology for enhancing oil recovery. The book provides important case studies related to over one hundred EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. These case studies focus on practical problems, underlying theoretical and modelling methods, operational parameters (e.g., injected chemical concentration, slug sizes, flooding schemes and well spacing), solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies. The book strikes an ideal balance between theory and practice, and would be invaluable to academicians and oil company practitioners alike. - Updated chemical EOR fundamentals providing clear picture of fundamental concepts - Practical cases with problems and solutions providing practical analogues and experiences - Actual data regarding ranges of operation parameters providing initial design parameters - Step-by-step calculation examples providing practical engineers with convenient procedures
Book Synopsis Heavy Crude Oil Recovery by : Ender Okandan
Download or read book Heavy Crude Oil Recovery written by Ender Okandan and published by . This book was released on 1984-04-30 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
