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An Evaluation Of Delay To Reinforcement And Variant Responding
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Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Delay to Reinforcement and Variant Responding by : Colin Sullivan Muething
Download or read book An Evaluation of Delay to Reinforcement and Variant Responding written by Colin Sullivan Muething and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and other developmental disabilities often exhibit invariant responding (i.e., restricted behavioral repertoires), deficits in communication, and challenging behavior. A variety of interventions have targeted increasing variant responding such as extinction, lag schedules of reinforcement, and percentile schedules of reinforcement. An additional variation studied in the basic literature entails the inclusion of a delay to reinforcement. Results of basic studies indicate that the inclusion of a delay to reinforcement leads to an increase in the variety of responses. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of a delay to reinforcement on the variability of communication responses during functional communication training with children with developmental disabilities with histories of engagement in challenging behavior. Results indicated that the delay to reinforcement increased variant communicative responding with all four participants.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Preference of Delays to Reinforcement on Choice Responding by : Cayenne Sarah Shpall
Download or read book An Evaluation of Preference of Delays to Reinforcement on Choice Responding written by Cayenne Sarah Shpall and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delays to reinforcement are often a necessary component during treatments of challenging behavior (e.g., Functional Communication Training; FCT). In the absence of programmed delay training, the utility and generality of FCT may be limited. Despite the importance of delays to reinforcement during FCT, few studies have empirically isolated and investigated the parameters pertaining to the implementation of delays to reinforcement. Results from basic empirical studies have shown that variable delays, or bi-valued mixed delays to reinforcement, are preferred in humans and nonhuman studies. The current research examined response allocation between fixed and mixed delays to reinforcement using a concurrent schedule of reinforcement. Results showed preference for mixed delays to reinforcement with 4 out of 4 participants. Potential avenues of future research on the use of mixed delays to reinforcement, such as the application within FCT and maintenance of socially appropriate behaviors, are discussed
Book Synopsis AN EVALUATION OF A LAG SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT AND PROGRESSIVE TIME DELAY ON VOCAL MAND VARIABILITY by : Krista Nicole Paranczak
Download or read book AN EVALUATION OF A LAG SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT AND PROGRESSIVE TIME DELAY ON VOCAL MAND VARIABILITY written by Krista Nicole Paranczak and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may mand repetitively for preferred items using the same mand topography, unless the environment is arranged to promote mand variability. For example, an individual with ASD may request access to songs played on the radio by repeating the word "dance" only. Previous research suggests that lag schedules of reinforcement can increase variability of vocal mands displayed by individuals with ASD. The current study evaluated the effects of a lag schedule of reinforcement and progressive time delay (TD) on the vocal mands by a 27-year old male, 28-year old female, and a 26-year old female. The evaluation included a multiple baseline across behaviors with embedded reversal design. A mand topography invariance assessment (MTIA) was conducted with each participant to identify new and existing vocal mand topographies. Two conditions were used to assess variable responding when variability was (Lag 1 + TD) and was not (Lag 0) required to produce reinforcement. During Lag 0, reinforcement was contingent on instances of independent manding (of any topography). During Lag 1 +TD, reinforcement was contingent on instances of independent variant and prompted variant responses (i.e., a mand topography had to be different from the mand topography that occurred independently in the preceding trial). A progressive TD was used to transfer stimulus control from an echoic prompt to naturally occurring contingencies. Results indicated that a Lag 1 schedule of reinforcement with progressive TD resulted in acquisition of novel vocal mand topographies for all participants, with varying effects on rates of independent variant mands.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis, Second Edition by : Wayne W. Fisher
Download or read book Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis, Second Edition written by Wayne W. Fisher and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely regarded as the authoritative work on the principles and practice of applied behavior analysis (ABA), this indispensable volume is now in a revised and expanded second edition. Leading experts present evidence-based procedures for supporting positive behaviors and reducing problem behaviors with children and adults in diverse contexts. Chapters delve into applications in education, autism treatment, addictions, behavioral pediatrics, and other areas. Covering everything from behavioral assessment and measurement to the design and implementation of individualized interventions, the Handbook is a complete reference and training tool for ABA practitioners and students. New to This Edition *Incorporates key advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. *Chapters on additional applications: school consultation, pediatric feeding disorders, and telehealth services. *Chapters on quantitative analysis of behavior (matching and behavioral momentum theory) and behavioral economics. *Updated discussions of professional issues, ABA certification, and technology tools.
Book Synopsis Experience with Delay of Reinforcement by : Phillip Leon Rice
Download or read book Experience with Delay of Reinforcement written by Phillip Leon Rice and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis by : Wayne W. Fisher
Download or read book Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis written by Wayne W. Fisher and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely regarded as the authoritative work on the principles and practice of applied behavior analysis (ABA), this indispensable volume is now in a revised and expanded second edition. Leading experts present evidence-based procedures for supporting positive behaviors and reducing problem behaviors with children and adults in diverse contexts. Chapters delve into applications in education, autism treatment, addictions, behavioral pediatrics, and other areas. Covering everything from behavioral assessment and measurement to the design and implementation of individualized interventions, the Handbook is a complete reference and training tool for ABA practitioners and students. New to This Edition *Incorporates key advances in research, theory, and clinical practice. *Chapters on additional applications: school consultation, pediatric feeding disorders, and telehealth services. *Chapters on quantitative analysis of behavior (matching and behavioral momentum theory) and behavioral economics. *Updated discussions of professional issues, ABA certification, and technology tools.
Book Synopsis Schedule Thinning Following Mand Training by : Jamie M. Severtson
Download or read book Schedule Thinning Following Mand Training written by Jamie M. Severtson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mand training, a common component of language training programs for children with autism, is associated with several clinical benefits (Sundberg and Michael, 2001), yet mand training sometimes results in high-rate responding that is difficult to maintain. One method of reducing high-rate mands to manageable rates is known as graduated signaled delay to reinforcement. The current investigation involved a series of three studies to evaluate the ability of three independent variables (a) highly preferred toys, (b) signal duration, and (c)schedule thinning methods to enhance signaled delay to reinforcement. The results of the three studies indicate that 7 of the 8 evaluation of signaled delay to reinforcement resulted in reduced mand rates without extinction of the response. Ultimately, all of the findings were in contrast to previous research results, indicating that either each independent variable had near-equal effects or that a confound, most likely multiple treatment interference, was responsible for the discrepant results. Future research in this area should utilize a between group design in order to prevent this confound and determine clear recommendations for clinicians and applied researchers.
Book Synopsis Delay of Reinforcement During DRL Responding by : James Lawrence Muir (II.)
Download or read book Delay of Reinforcement During DRL Responding written by James Lawrence Muir (II.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Mixed, Fixed, and No Delays to Reinforcement on Problem Behavior, Preference, and Task Engagement by : Andrea Ramirez-Cristoforo
Download or read book An Evaluation of Mixed, Fixed, and No Delays to Reinforcement on Problem Behavior, Preference, and Task Engagement written by Andrea Ramirez-Cristoforo and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed study aimed to replicate and extend basic and applied literature pertaining to functional communication training (FCT), delays to reinforcement, concurrent schedules of reinforcement, problem behavior (e.g., escape maintained), and task engagement in individuals with autism. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of presenting a 0-s delay, a mixed delay (0, 30-s) and a fixed delay (15-s) within a concurrent schedule arrangement on problem behavior, preference, and task engagement among three individuals with ASD. An ABAB reversal single-case design was conducted during the current study. During this evaluation, the quality of the reinforcement was manipulated. Selecting the 0-s delay led to lower quality reinforcement (i.e., low preferred items for 30-s), whereas selecting the mixed or fixed delay led to higher quality reinforcement (i.e., access to preferred items for 30-s). Results indicated that two out of three participants preferred the mixed delay over the fixed delay and the 0-s delay to reinforcement alternatives. One participant preferred the mixed and fixed delay equally. None of the participants preferred the 0-s delay to reinforcement. Presenting these three delays to reinforcement alternatives concurrently, at the beginning of treatment, resulted in low levels of problem behavior for all participants and task engagement levels remained at high levels. Potential implications for practice and possible areas of future research on delays to reinforcement, especially regarding mixed delays to reinforcement are discussed
Book Synopsis Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference by :
Download or read book Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-07 with total page 2517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is the authoritative resource for scientists and students interested in all facets of learning and memory. This updated edition includes chapters that reflect the state-of-the-art of research in this area. Coverage of sleep and memory has been significantly expanded, while neuromodulators in memory processing, neurogenesis and epigenetics are also covered in greater detail. New chapters have been included to reflect the massive increase in research into working memory and the educational relevance of memory research. No other reference work covers so wide a territory and in so much depth. Provides the most comprehensive and authoritative resource available on the study of learning and memory and its mechanisms Incorporates the expertise of over 150 outstanding investigators in the field, providing a ‘one-stop’ resource of reputable information from world-leading scholars with easy cross-referencing of related articles to promote understanding and further research Includes further reading for each chapter that helps readers continue their research Includes a glossary of key terms that is helpful for users who are unfamiliar with neuroscience terminology
Book Synopsis Functional Analysis in Clinical Treatment by : Peter Sturmey
Download or read book Functional Analysis in Clinical Treatment written by Peter Sturmey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of clinical psychology relies upon cognitive behavior therapy to treat clinical disorders via attempting to change thinking and feeling in order to change behavior. Functional approaches differ in that they focus on context and the environmental influence on behavior, thoughts, and feelings. This second edition of Functional Analysis in Clinical Treatment updates the material in keeping with DSM-5 and ICD-10 and provides 40% new information, including updated literature reviews, greater detail in the functional analysis/assessment sections of each chapter, two new chapters on autism spectrum disorders and chronic health problems, and examples of worked assessments, such as interview transcripts, ABC charts, and observational data. Discusses functional analytic approaches to treat specific clinical disorders Appropriate for use with both adult and child populations Updated to reflect DSM-5 Includes two new chapters on treatment for ADHD and chronic health problems Shows more examples of worked assessments and treatment plans
Book Synopsis The Matching Law by : Richard J. Herrnstein
Download or read book The Matching Law written by Richard J. Herrnstein and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.
Book Synopsis Academic Assessment and Intervention by : Steven Little
Download or read book Academic Assessment and Intervention written by Steven Little and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serving students with academic deficiencies necessitates communication and collaboration among professionals from several disciplines. Academic Assessment and Intervention brings together divergent approaches in order to demonstrate that scientific evidence, rather than biases or previous practice, must determine assessment practices that are selected and used for particular purposes. Similar to a handbook in its comprehensive topical coverage, this edited collection provides a contextual foundation for academic assessment and intervention; describes both norm-referenced and curriculum-based assessment/measurement in detail; considers the implications of both of these assessments on ethnically diverse populations; provides a clear link between assessment, evidence-based interventions and the RTI model; and considers other important topics related to this area such as teacher behavior. Intended primarily for graduate-level courses in education, school psychology, or child clinical psychology, it will also be of interest to practicing professionals in these fields.
Book Synopsis Applied Behavior Analysis by : John O. Cooper
Download or read book Applied Behavior Analysis written by John O. Cooper and published by Pearson UK. This book was released on 2020 with total page 2547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis by :
Download or read book Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Signals on Responding During Delayed Reinforcement by : Michael E. Kelley
Download or read book The Effects of Signals on Responding During Delayed Reinforcement written by Michael E. Kelley and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Delay to Reinforcement by : Kaitlin Holloway
Download or read book Delay to Reinforcement written by Kaitlin Holloway and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
