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Author : Miller N. Hudson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book An Economic Approach to Sample Size written by Miller N. Hudson and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : N. Balakrishnan
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 9780817672249
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (722 download)
Download or read book Sample Size Determination written by N. Balakrishnan and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2016-05-09 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determining an appropriate sample size is a necessary step in any statistical design of scientific studies such as clinical trials, medical investigations, and animal laboratory experiments. This book examines the challenges of sample size determination using three basic approaches, illustrating them with many examples, illustrations, and tables. All calculations are driven by practical examples from the medical and health sciences. Sample Size Determination will be a useful reference for researchers and practitioners in medical and health sciences, as well as senior undergraduate and graduate students in these areas. The work may be used in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on sampling theory, biostatistics, statistical methods in health research, and statistical inference.
Author : Douglas G. Altman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000228819
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Practical Statistics for Medical Research written by Douglas G. Altman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-11-22 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Statistics for Medical Research is a problem-based text for medical researchers, medical students, and others in the medical arena who need to use statistics but have no specialized mathematics background. The author draws on twenty years of experience as a consulting medical statistician to provide clear explanations to key statistical concepts, with a firm emphasis on practical aspects of designing and analyzing medical research. Using real data and including dozens of interesting data sets, this bestselling text gives special attention to the presentation and interpretation of results and the many real problems that arise in medical research.
Author : Henry A. Glick
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191508055
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Economic Evaluation in Clinical Trials written by Henry A. Glick and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is becoming increasingly important to examine the relationship between the outcomes of a clinical trial and the costs of the medical therapy under study. The results of such analysis can affect reimbursement decisions for new medical technologies, drugs, devices or diagnostics. It can aid companies seeking to make claims about the cost-effectiveness of their product, as well as allowing early consideration of the economic value of therapies which may be important to improving initial adoption decisions. It is also vital for addressing the requirements of regulatory bodies. Economic Evaluation in Clinical Trials provides practical advice on how to conduct cost-effectiveness analyses in controlled trials of medical therapies. This new edition has been extensively rewritten and revised; topics discussed range from design issues such as the types of services that should be measured and price weights, to assessment of quality-adjusted life years. Illustrative materials, case histories and worked examples are included to encourage the reader to apply the methods discussed. These exercises are supported with datasets, programmes and solutions made available online.
Author : Aren Megerdichian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Statistical Sampling in Litigation and Regulatory Proceedings written by Aren Megerdichian and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sample of elements can effectively act as a surrogate for a large population that cannot be studied due to resource constraints. Thus, in a variety of legal and regulatory matters, relying on a statistical sample may be the only feasible approach to effectively adjudicate questions of causation, liability, or damages. The current paper works through in detail some of the more salient aspects of statistical sampling and sample size determination. An economic model is presented to provide insight into the mental calculus that is theoretically involved in making decisions about sample sizes in the context of litigation.
Author : Jeff Sauro
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0128025484
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Quantifying the User Experience written by Jeff Sauro and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantifying the User Experience: Practical Statistics for User Research, Second Edition, provides practitioners and researchers with the information they need to confidently quantify, qualify, and justify their data. The book presents a practical guide on how to use statistics to solve common quantitative problems that arise in user research. It addresses questions users face every day, including, Is the current product more usable than our competition? Can we be sure at least 70% of users can complete the task on their first attempt? How long will it take users to purchase products on the website? This book provides a foundation for statistical theories and the best practices needed to apply them. The authors draw on decades of statistical literature from human factors, industrial engineering, and psychology, as well as their own published research, providing both concrete solutions (Excel formulas and links to their own web-calculators), along with an engaging discussion on the statistical reasons why tests work and how to effectively communicate results. Throughout this new edition, users will find updates on standardized usability questionnaires, a new chapter on general linear modeling (correlation, regression, and analysis of variance), with updated examples and case studies throughout. - Completely updated to provide practical guidance on solving usability testing problems with statistics for any project, including those using Six Sigma practices - Includes new and revised information on standardized usability questionnaires - Includes a completely new chapter introducing correlation, regression, and analysis of variance - Shows practitioners which test to use, why they work, and best practices for application, along with easy-to-use Excel formulas and web-calculators for analyzing data - Recommends ways for researchers and practitioners to communicate results to stakeholders in plain English
Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134742770
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences written by Jacob Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.
Author : United Nations. Statistical Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789210541732
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (417 download)
Download or read book Designing Household Survey Samples written by United Nations. Statistical Division and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Iftekhar Khan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466505486
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)
Download or read book Design & Analysis of Clinical Trials for Economic Evaluation & Reimbursement written by Iftekhar Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic evaluation has become an essential component of clinical trial design to show that new treatments and technologies offer value to payers in various healthcare systems. Although many books exist that address the theoretical or practical aspects of cost-effectiveness analysis, this book differentiates itself from the competition by detailing
Author : Meinhard Kieser
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030495280
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Methods and Applications of Sample Size Calculation and Recalculation in Clinical Trials written by Meinhard Kieser and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an extensive overview of the principles and methods of sample size calculation and recalculation in clinical trials. Appropriate calculation of the required sample size is crucial for the success of clinical trials. At the same time, a sample size that is too small or too large is problematic due to ethical, scientific, and economic reasons. Therefore, state-of-the art methods are required when planning clinical trials. Part I describes a general framework for deriving sample size calculation procedures. This enables an understanding of the common principles underlying the numerous methods presented in the following chapters. Part II addresses the fixed sample size design, where the required sample size is determined in the planning stage and is not changed afterwards. It covers sample size calculation methods for superiority, non-inferiority, and equivalence trials, as well as comparisons between two and more than two groups. A wide range of further topics is discussed, including sample size calculation for multiple comparisons, safety assessment, and multi-regional trials. There is often some uncertainty about the assumptions to be made when calculating the sample size upfront. Part III presents methods that allow to modify the initially specified sample size based on new information that becomes available during the ongoing trial. Blinded sample size recalculation procedures for internal pilot study designs are considered, as well as methods for sample size reassessment in adaptive designs that use unblinded data from interim analyses. The application is illustrated using numerous clinical trial examples, and software code implementing the methods is provided. The book offers theoretical background and practical advice for biostatisticians and clinicians from the pharmaceutical industry and academia who are involved in clinical trials. Covering basic as well as more advanced and recently developed methods, it is suitable for beginners, experienced applied statisticians, and practitioners. To gain maximum benefit, readers should be familiar with introductory statistics. The content of this book has been successfully used for courses on the topic.
Author : Rick H. Hoyle
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506320082
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)
Download or read book Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research written by Rick H. Hoyle and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1999-03-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newer statistical models, such as structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear modeling, require large sample sizes inappropriate for many research questions or unrealistic for many research arenas. How can researchers get the sophistication and flexibility of large sample studies without the requirement of prohibitively large samples? This book describes and illustrates statistical strategies that meet the sophistication/flexibility criteria for analyzing data from small samples of fewer than 150 cases. Contributions from some of the leading researchers in the field cover the use of multiple imputation software and how it can be used profitably with small data sets and missing data; ways to increase statistical power when sample size cannot be increased; and strategies for computing effect sizes and combining effect sizes across studies. Other contributions describe how to hypothesis test using the bootstrap; methods for pooling effect size indicators from single-case studies; frameworks for drawing inferences from cross-tabulated data; how to determine whether a correlation or covariance matrix warrants structure analysis; and what conditions indicate latent variable modeling is a viable approach to correct for unreliability in the mediator. Other topics include the use of dynamic factor analysis to model temporal processes by analyzing multivariate; time-series data from small numbers of individuals; techniques for coping with estimation problems in confirmatory factor analysis in small samples; how the state space model can be used with surprising accuracy with small data samples; and the use of partial least squares as a viable alternative to covariance-based SEM when the N is small and/or the number of variables in a model is large.
Author : Angus Deaton
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780801852541
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (525 download)
Download or read book The Analysis of Household Surveys written by Angus Deaton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from several countries, including Cote d'Ivoire, India, Pakistan, Taiwan, and Thailand, this book analyzes household survey data from developing countries and illustrates how such data can be used to cast light on a range of short-term and long-term policy issues.
Author : Patrick Dattalo
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190295546
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Determining Sample Size written by Patrick Dattalo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A researchers decision about the sample to draw in a study may have an enormous impact on the results, and it rests on numerous statistical and practical considerations that can be difficult to juggle. Computer programs help, but no single software package exists that allows researchers to determine sample size across all statistical procedures. This pocket guide shows social work students, educators, and researchers how to prevent some of the mistakes that would result from a wrong sample size decision by describing and critiquing four main approaches to determining sample size. In concise, example-rich chapters, Dattalo covers sample-size determination using power analysis, confidence intervals, computer-intensive strategies, and ethical or cost considerations, as well as techniques for advanced and emerging statistical strategies such as structural equation modeling, multilevel analysis, repeated measures MANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. He also offers strategies for mitigating pressures to increase sample size when doing so may not be feasible. Whether as an introduction to the process for students or as a refresher for experienced researchers, this practical guide is a perfect overview of a crucial but often overlooked step in empirical social work research.
Author : Victor Leiva
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128038276
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book The Birnbaum-Saunders Distribution written by Victor Leiva and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Birnbaum-Saunders Distribution presents the statistical theory, methodology, and applications of the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, a very flexible distribution for modeling different types of data (mainly lifetime data). The book describes the most recent theoretical developments of this model, including properties, transformations and related distributions, lifetime analysis, and shape analysis. It discusses methods of inference based on uncensored and censored data, goodness-of-fit tests, and random number generation algorithms for the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, also presenting existing and future applications. - Introduces inference in the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution - Provides a comprehensive review of the statistical theory and methodology of the Birnbaum-Distribution - Discusses different applications of the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution - Explains characterization and the lifetime analysis
Author : Stephen Gorard
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446290859
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)
Download or read book Research Design written by Stephen Gorard and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research design is of critical importance in social research, despite its relative neglect in many methods resources. Early consideration of design in relation to research questions leads to the elimination or diminution of threats to eventual research claims, by encouraging internal validity and substantially reducing the number of alternative explanations for any finite number of research ′observations′. This new book: discusses the nature of design; gives an introduction to design notation; offers a flexible approach to new designs; looks at a range of standard design models; and presents craft tips for real-life problems and compromises. Most importantly, it provides the rationale for preferring one design over another within any given context. Each section is illustrated with case studies of real work and concludes with suggested readings and topics for discussion in seminars and workshops, making it an ideal textbook for postgraduate research methods courses. Based on the author′s teaching on the ESRC Doctoral Training Centre "Masters in Research Methods" at the University of Birmingham, and his ongoing work for the ESRC Researcher Development Initiative, this is an essential text for postgraduate researchers and academics. There is no book like Research Design on the market that addresses all of these issues in an easy to comprehend style, for those who want to design research and make critical judgements about the designs of others.
Author : Howard Raiffa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)
Download or read book Applied Statistical Decision Theory written by Howard Raiffa and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309255635
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Small Populations, Large Effects written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1990s, the Census Bureau proposed a program of continuous measurement as a possible alternative to the gathering of detailed social, economic, and housing data from a sample of the U.S. population as part of the decennial census. The American Community Survey (ACS) became a reality in 2005, and has included group quarters (GQ)-such places as correctional facilities for adults, student housing, nursing facilities, inpatient hospice facilities, and military barracks-since 2006, primarily to more closely replicate the design and data products of the census long-form sample. The decision to include group quarters in the ACS enables the Census Bureau to provide a comprehensive benchmark of the total U.S. population (not just those living in households). However, the fact that the ACS must rely on a sample of what is a small and very diverse population, combined with limited funding available for survey operations, makes the ACS GQ sampling, data collection, weighting, and estimation procedures more complex and the estimates more susceptible to problems stemming from these limitations. The concerns are magnified in small areas, particularly in terms of detrimental effects on the total population estimates produced for small areas. Small Populations, Large Effects provides an in-depth review of the statistical methodology for measuring the GQ population in the ACS. This report addresses difficulties associated with measuring the GQ population and the rationale for including GQs in the ACS. Considering user needs for ACS data and of operational feasibility and compatibility with the treatment of the household population in the ACS, the report recommends alternatives to the survey design and other methodological features that can make the ACS more useful for users of small-area data.
