Americas Poorest And Most Affluent Counties 1980 To 2010

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America’s Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010

Author : Wendy Shaw
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030753409
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis America’s Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010 by : Wendy Shaw

Download or read book America’s Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010 written by Wendy Shaw and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-28 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the changing spatial distribution of the United States of America's poorest and most affluent counties over the 30 years from 1980 to 2010. While overall rates of poverty have changed somewhat during this period, the geography of counties where affluence and poverty rates are the highest have also shifted as economic fortunes wax and wane. The spatial understanding of poverty and affluence is an important dimension of addressing the complex economic and social contexts within which poverty occurs, and which vary substantially depending on several factors. While there has been significant focus on poverty in the United States, including some analysis of its spatial characteristics, since the 1960s there has been relatively little research on the concomitant geography of affluence. The geographies of poverty and affluence analyzed in this book give a view of spatial economic segregation. Spatial aspects of both the poorest and most affluent counties are focused on, as well as the changing gap and relative geographies between rich and poor over three decades.

America's Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010

Author : Wendy Shaw
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030753412
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (534 download)

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Book Synopsis America's Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010 by : Wendy Shaw

Download or read book America's Poorest and Most Affluent Counties, 1980 to 2010 written by Wendy Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the changing spatial distribution of the United States of America's poorest and most affluent counties over the 30 years from 1980 to 2010. While overall rates of poverty have changed somewhat during this period, the geography of counties where affluence and poverty rates are the highest have also shifted as economic fortunes wax and wane. The spatial understanding of poverty and affluence is an important dimension of addressing the complex economic and social contexts within which poverty occurs, and which vary substantially depending on several factors. While there has been significant focus on poverty in the United States, including some analysis of its spatial characteristics, since the 1960s there has been relatively little research on the concomitant geography of affluence. The geographies of poverty and affluence analyzed in this book give a view of spatial economic segregation. Spatial aspects of both the poorest and most affluent counties are focused on, as well as the changing gap and relative geographies between rich and poor over three decades. .

Shared Prosperity in America's Communities

Author : Susan M. Wachter
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812292405
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Shared Prosperity in America's Communities by : Susan M. Wachter

Download or read book Shared Prosperity in America's Communities written by Susan M. Wachter and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the nation's GDP has doubled in the last thirty years, significant increases in family income have been restricted to a small subset of the American population. This disjunct between national economic growth and stagnating incomes in all but the very top tier of the population corresponds with increasing economic inequality and a lack of social and economic mobility. As a consequence, neighborhoods and metropolitan areas have become more polarized. Stark geographic differences in levels of poverty, income, health outcomes, job opportunities, lifetime earning potential, and educational attainment highlight the degree to which place matters in terms of social and economic opportunity. Shared Prosperity in America's Communities examines this place-based disparity of opportunity and suggests what can be done to ensure that the benefits of economic growth are widely shared. Contributors' essays explore social and economic mobility throughout the country to illuminate the changing geography of inequality, offer a portfolio of strategies to address the challenges of place-based inequality, and show how communities across the nation are implementing change and building a future of shared prosperity. Approaching the problem from the vantage point of economics, sociology, and public policy, Shared Prosperity in America's Communities offers a timely analysis of the country's growing socioeconomic and geographic division and shows how communities can respond to the challenge of economic inequality to build a nation of opportunity for all. Contributors: J. Cameron Anglum, Timothy J. Bartik, Chris Benner, Angela Glover Blackwell, Anthony P. Carnevale, Raj Chetty, Rebecca Diamond, Lei Ding, Paul A. Jargowsky, David N. Karp, Elizabeth Kneebone, Douglas S. Massey, Jeremy Nowak, Manuel Pastor, Victor Rubin, Chris Schildt, Nicole Smith, Margery Austin Turner, Susan M. Wachter, Zachary D. Wood.

Poverty and Welfare in America

Author : David Wagner
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Poverty and Welfare in America by : David Wagner

Download or read book Poverty and Welfare in America written by David Wagner and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book closely examines controversial claims and beliefs surrounding poverty and anti-poverty programs in the United States. It authoritatively dismantles falsehoods, half-truths, and misconceptions, leaving readers with an unbiased, accurate understanding of these issues. Poverty and Welfare in America: Examining the Facts, like every book in the Contemporary Debates series, is intended to puncture rather than perpetuate myths that diminish our understanding of important policies and positions; to provide needed context for misleading statements and claims; and to confirm the factual accuracy of other assertions. This book clarifies some of the most contentious and misunderstood aspects of American poverty and the social welfare programs that have been crafted to combat it over the years. In addition to providing up-to-date data about the extent of American poverty among various demographic groups in the United States, it examines the chief causes of poverty in the 21st century, including divorce, disability, and educational shortfalls. Moreover, the book provides an evenhanded examination of the nation's social welfare agencies and the effectiveness of various social service programs managed by those agencies in addressing and reducing poverty.

The Dynamics of Opportunity in America

Author : Irwin Kirsch
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319259911
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Opportunity in America by : Irwin Kirsch

Download or read book The Dynamics of Opportunity in America written by Irwin Kirsch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the country, our children are beginning life from very different starting points. Some have aspirations and believe they can be achieved. For too many others, aspirations are tempered, if not dashed, by the sobering realities of everyday life. These different starting points place children on distinctly different trajectories of growth and development, ultimately leading to vastly different adult outcomes. How did we get to a place where circumstances of birth have become so determinative? And what must we do, within communities and across our country, to better equalize opportunity for more Americans – both young and old? The editors of this volume contend that if, as a nation, we do nothing, then we will continue to drift apart, placing an unsustainable strain on the nation’s social fabric and the character of its democracy. Consequently, understanding the dynamics governing the distribution and transmission of opportunity – and transforming this understanding into policies and programs – is critical for not only the life outcomes of individual Americans and their children, but also the country as a whole. The goal of Educational Testing Service’s Opportunity in America initiative is to explore these powerful dynamics and to describe and convey them in a way that advances the national conversation about why we must take action – and how best to do so. This volume contains 14 chapters, including an epilogue, written by leaders from a range of fields including education, economics, demography, and political science. Collectively, they not only illuminate key aspects of the problem but also offer suggestions of what policies, programs, and changes in practices could begin to reverse the trends we are seeing. Written in an engaging style, this volume constitutes an essential foundation for informed discussion and strategic analysis.

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

African American Psychology

Author : Faye Z. Belgrave
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506333419
Total Pages : 714 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Psychology by : Faye Z. Belgrave

Download or read book African American Psychology written by Faye Z. Belgrave and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American Psychology: From Africa to America, Fourth Edition provides comprehensive coverage of the field of African American psychology. Authors Faye Z. Belgrave and Kevin W. Allison skillfully convey the integration of African and American influences on the psychology of African Americans using a consistent theme throughout the text—the idea that understanding the psychology of African Americans is closely linked to understanding what is happening in the institutional systems in the United States. The Fourth Edition reflects notable advances and important developments in the field over the last several years, and includes evidence-based practices for improving the overall well-being of African American communities. New to the Fourth Edition Coverage of current issues affecting African Americans and causing changes in the social-political environment include the Black Lives Matter movement, racial trauma, and more. Content from blogs has been added to chapter-opening cover stories to reflect the more modern ways news and information are obtained. More coverage of literature and research on Blacks throughout the diaspora, especially in Africa, provide historical context and documents heterogeneity among African Americans in the United States. Expanded coverage of topics as a result of recent research includes LGBTQ individuals, African American fathers, colorism, intersectionality, electronic cigarettes, social media, and more.

Economic Growth in Middle-Income Countries

Author : Manuel Agosin
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000983935
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Growth in Middle-Income Countries by : Manuel Agosin

Download or read book Economic Growth in Middle-Income Countries written by Manuel Agosin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a theoretical framework unlike the conventional neoclassical paradigm for the analysis of growth and deploys analytical data to understand the main policy issues affecting developing countries, with particular attention to countries which, after having a spurt of growth, have been unable to maintain the momentum of their economies. One of the guiding ideas of the book is that each one of these countries has its own middle-income trap. The book focuses the discussion on growth and development around the specific characteristics of these countries and the constraints they face to achieve rapid growth. The book offers the building blocks for an integrated approach to development economics from the perspective of developing economies themselves. It looks at real-life constraints to growth and development, such as institutions, access to financing, macroeconomic policies, the role of foreign direct investment, the pros and cons of trade and financial opening to the rest of the world, education and health issues, sustainable development in a world experiencing global warming, productive development policies, income distribution, and poverty. Further, it offers simple growth models that go beyond the conventional neoclassical model to help the reader understand the unique challenges facing developing countries. While recognizing that growth is necessary to achieve development, the book argues that there are other variables that can be just as important to wellbeing and pays close attention to issues such as health, education, and political freedom. The book summarizes the issues that are crucial for countries to be able to accelerate their growth rates and to achieve development and makes a theoretical contribution to the study of economic development, particularly growth models appropriate to middle-income countries. Thus, it will be a useful guide for researchers and academics in the field of development economics and other social sciences dealing with developing countries.

Comparative Politics of Latin America

Author : Daniel C. Hellinger
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000220613
Total Pages : 667 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparative Politics of Latin America by : Daniel C. Hellinger

Download or read book Comparative Politics of Latin America written by Daniel C. Hellinger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition brings Daniel C. Hellinger’s brilliantly succinct and accessible introduction to Latin America up to date for a new generation of educators. In crisp detail, Hellinger gives a panoramic overview of the continent and offers a unique balance of comparative politics theory and interdisciplinary country-specific context, of a thematic organization and in-depth country case studies, of culture and economics, of scholarship and pedagogy. Insightful historical background in early chapters provides students with ways to think about how the past influences the present. However, while history plays a part in this text, comparative politics is the primary focus, explaining through fully integrated, detailed case studies and carefully paced analysis. Country-specific narratives are integrated with concepts and theories from comparative politics, leading to a richer understanding of both. Updates to this new edition include: • Revisiting contemporary populism and the global emergence of right-wing populism. • The pros and cons of extractivism; the impact of Chinese investment and trade. • Contemporary crisis in Venezuela; expanded treatment of Colombia and Peru. • The role of the military; LGBTQ+ issues; corruption; violence; identity issues. • New sections on social media, artificial intelligence, and big data cyber technologies. • Examination of post-Castro Cuba; Costa Rica’s exceptionalism. • Broader study of environmental movements; how governments relate to social movements. • Examination of personalist parties; refugee and asylum rights. • Interventionist policies of the current U.S. administration. • Early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparative Politics of Latin America is a thoughtful, ambitious, and thorough introductory textbook for students beginning Latin American Studies at the undergraduate level.

Housing America

Author : Emily Tumpson Molina
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317589742
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Housing America by : Emily Tumpson Molina

Download or read book Housing America written by Emily Tumpson Molina and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to explain why housing remains among the United States’ most enduring social problems, Housing America explores five of the U.S.’s most fundamental, recurrent issues in housing its population: affordability of housing, homelessness, segregation and discrimination in the housing market, homeownership and home financing, and planning. It describes these issues in detail, why they should be considered problems, the history and fundamental social debates surrounding them, and the past, current, and possible policy solutions to address them. While this book focuses on the major problems we face as a society in housing our population, it is also about the choices we make about what is valued in our society in our attempts to solve them. Housing America is appropriate for courses in urban studies, urban planning, and housing policy.

The Economic History of Latin America since Independence

Author : Victor Bulmer-Thomas
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107654955
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic History of Latin America since Independence by : Victor Bulmer-Thomas

Download or read book The Economic History of Latin America since Independence written by Victor Bulmer-Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, now in a revised and updated third edition, covers the economic history of Latin America from independence in the 1820s to the present. It stresses the differences between Latin American countries while recognizing the external influences to which the whole region has been subject. Victor Bulmer-Thomas notes the failure of the region to close the gap in living standards between it and the United States and explores the reasons. He also examines the new paradigm taking shape in Latin America since the debt crisis of the 1980s and asks whether this new economic model will be able to bring the growth and improvement in equity that the region desperately needs. This third edition contains a wealth of new material that draws on the new research in the area in the past ten years.

The Economic History of Latin America since Independence

Author : V. Bulmer-Thomas
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107026903
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic History of Latin America since Independence by : V. Bulmer-Thomas

Download or read book The Economic History of Latin America since Independence written by V. Bulmer-Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated third edition contains a wealth of new material that draws on new research in this area.

Understanding Central America

Author : John A. Booth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000768910
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Central America by : John A. Booth

Download or read book Understanding Central America written by John A. Booth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this seventh edition, John A. Booth, Christine J. Wade, and Thomas W. Walker update a classic in the field which invites students to explore the histories, economies, and politics of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. Covering the region's political and economic development from the early 1800s onward, the authors bring the Central American story up to date. New to the 7th Edition: Analysis of trends in human rights performance, political violence, and evolution of regime types; Updated findings from surveys to examine levels of political participation and support for democratic norms among Central Americans; Historical and current-era material on indigenous peoples and other racial minorities; Discussion of popular attitudes toward political rights for homosexuals, and LGBTQ access to public services; Discussion of women’s rights and access to reproductive health services, and women’s integration into elective offices; Tracing evolving party systems, national elections, and US policy toward the region under the Obama and Trump administrations; Central America’s international concerns including Venezuela’s shrinking role as an alternative source of foreign aid and antagonist to US policy in the region, and migration among and through Central American nations. Understanding Central America is an ideal text for all students of Latin American politics and is highly recommended for courses on Central American politics, social systems, and history.

Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality

Author : Maarten van Ham
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303064569X
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality by : Maarten van Ham

Download or read book Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality written by Maarten van Ham and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.

Water for Food Security and Well-being in Latin America and the Caribbean

Author : Bárbara A. Willaarts
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134682808
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Water for Food Security and Well-being in Latin America and the Caribbean by : Bárbara A. Willaarts

Download or read book Water for Food Security and Well-being in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Bárbara A. Willaarts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an analytical and facts-based overview on the progress achieved in water security in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region over during the last decade, and its links to regional development, food security and human well-being. Although the book takes a regional approach, covering a vast of data pertaining to most of the LAC region, some chapters focus on seven countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico and Peru). A full understanding of LAC’s trends progress requires framing this region in the global context: an ever more globalized world where LAC has an increasing geopolitical power and a growing presence in international food markets. The book’s specific objectives are: (1) exploring the improvements and links between water and food security in LAC countries; (2) assessing the role of the socio-economic ‘megatrends’ in LAC, identifying feedback processes between the region’s observed pattern of changes regarding key biophysical, economic and social variables linked to water and food security; and (3) reviewing the critical changes that are taking place in the institutional and governance water spheres, including the role of civil society, which may represent a promising means to advancing towards the goal of improving water security in LAC. The resulting picture shows a region where recent socioeconomic development has led to important advances in the domains of food and water security. Economic growth in LAC and its increasingly important role in international trade are intense in terms of use of natural resources such as land, water and energy. This poses new and important challenges for sustainable development. The reinforcement of national and global governance schemes and their alignment on the improvement of human well-being is and will remain an inescapable prerequisite to the achievement of long-lasting security. Supporting this bold idea with facts and science-based conclusions is the ultimate goal of the book.

A Portrait of America

Author : John Iceland
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520959108
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis A Portrait of America by : John Iceland

Download or read book A Portrait of America written by John Iceland and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2014-09-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portrait of America describes our nation’s changing population and examines through a demographic lens some of our most pressing contemporary challenges, ranging from poverty and economic inequality to racial tensions and health disparities. Celebrated authorJohn Iceland covers various topics, including America's historical demographic growth; the American family today; gender inequality; economic well-being; immigration and diversity; racial and ethnic inequality; internal migration and residential segregation; and health and mortality. The discussion of these topics is informed by several sources, including an examination of household survey data, and by syntheses of existing published material, both quantitative and qualitative. Iceland discusses the current issues and controversies around these themes, highlighting their role in everyday debates taking place in Congress, the media, and in American living rooms. Each chapter includes historical background, as well as a discussion of how patterns and trends in the United States compare to those in peer countries.

Latin American Party Systems

Author : Herbert Kitschelt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139483846
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Latin American Party Systems by : Herbert Kitschelt

Download or read book Latin American Party Systems written by Herbert Kitschelt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-22 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political parties provide a crucial link between voters and politicians. This link takes a variety of forms in democratic regimes, from the organization of political machines built around clientelistic networks to the establishment of sophisticated programmatic parties. Latin American Party Systems provides a novel theoretical argument to account for differences in the degree to which political party systems in the region were programmatically structured at the end of the twentieth century. Based on a diverse array of indicators and surveys of party legislators and public opinion, the book argues that learning and adaptation through fundamental policy innovations are the main mechanisms by which politicians build programmatic parties. Marshalling extensive evidence, the book's analysis shows the limits of alternative explanations and substantiates a sanguine view of programmatic competition, nevertheless recognizing that this form of party system organization is far from ubiquitous and enduring in Latin America.