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Altruism And Self Interest In Democracies
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Book Synopsis Altruism and Self-Interest in Democracies by : R. Jankowski
Download or read book Altruism and Self-Interest in Democracies written by R. Jankowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals have little incentive to vote, acquire political information or contribute campaign funds, because their vote has very little chance of affecting the outcome of an election. Jankowski offers an explanation and evidence for political participation based on the fact that most individuals are weakly altruistic.
Book Synopsis Self-Interest and Public Interest in Western Politics by : Leif Lewin
Download or read book Self-Interest and Public Interest in Western Politics written by Leif Lewin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1991-04-11 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is it self-interest or public interest that dominates Western politics? This question has been debated in many fields, and through the 1980s a consensus developed, supported by extensive research, that in their political decisions and actions people are largely motivated by self-interest, not by common good. In this book, combining in a novel way insights from different fields, including rational choice theory, political philosophy, and electoral research, Leif Lewin examines more than two hundred studies of democracy in action from seventeen countries. He looks at the behaviour and attitudes of voters, bureaucrats, and politicians in turn, and challenges the accepted wisdom. In his wide-ranging review of the literature he shows that people are in fact actuated by broader considerations than their own short-sighted interests: that they act politically 'in the shadow of the future'; that they find there are overwhelming reasons to try to contribute to the long-term common good. Professor Lewin shows, in short, that the plausible and prevalent theory that egoism rules simply don't match the facts."
Book Synopsis Altruism and Self-Interest in Democracies by : R. Jankowski
Download or read book Altruism and Self-Interest in Democracies written by R. Jankowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals have little incentive to vote, acquire political information or contribute campaign funds, because their vote has very little chance of affecting the outcome of an election. Jankowski offers an explanation and evidence for political participation based on the fact that most individuals are weakly altruistic.
Book Synopsis Beyond Self-Interest by : Jane J. Mansbridge
Download or read book Beyond Self-Interest written by Jane J. Mansbridge and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1990-04-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dramatic transformation has begun in the way scholars think about human nature. Political scientists, psychologists, economists, and evolutionary biologists are beginning to reject the view that human affairs are shaped almost exclusively by self-interest—a view that came to dominate social science in the last three decades. In Beyond Self-Interest, leading social scientists argue for a view of individuals behavior and social organization that takes into account the powerful motivations of duty, love, and malevolence. Economists who go beyond "economic man," psychologists who go beyond stimulus-response, evolutionary biologists who go beyond the "selfish gene," and political scientists who go beyond the quest for power come together in this provocative and important manifesto. The essays trace, from the ancient Greeks to the present, the use of self-interest to explain political life. They investigate the differences between self-interest and the motivations of duty and love, showing how these motivations affect behavior in "prisoners' dilemma" interactions. They generate evolutionary models that explain how altruistic motivations escape extinction. They suggest ways to model within one individual the separate motivations of public spirit and self-interest, investigate public spirit and self-interest, investigate public spirit in citizen and legislative behavior, and demonstrate that the view of democracy in existing Constitutional interpretations is not based on self-interest. They advance both human evil and mothering as alternatives to self-interest, this last in a penetrating feminist critique of the "contract" model of human interaction.
Book Synopsis Political Altruism? by : Marco Giugni
Download or read book Political Altruism? written by Marco Giugni and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2001 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giugni and Passy (both: political science, U. of Geneva), along with contributors, explore the political ramifications of solidarity movements, which defy traditional explanations of political actors as fundamentally self-interested. Using country-specific studies form France, the United States, Germany, Great Britain, and Switzerland, they look at the growing internationalization of such movements, the interactions between movements and states, the moral vs. self-interest components of movements, and the consequences of such movements. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis What's in it for me? by : Thomas Prosser
Download or read book What's in it for me? written by Thomas Prosser and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This punchy and provocative book asks a simple but overlooked question: why do we have the political views that we do? Offering a lively and original analysis of five worldviews – conservatism, national populism, liberalism, the new left and social democracy – Thomas Prosser argues that our views tend to satisfy self-interest, albeit indirectly, and that progressive worldviews are not as altruistic as their adherents believe. But What’s in it for me? is far from pessimistic. Prosser contends that recognition of self-interest makes us more self-reflective, allowing us to see humanity in adversaries and countering the influence of echo chambers. As populist parties rise and liberalism and social democracy decline, this timely intervention argues that to solve our political differences, we must first realise what we have in common.
Book Synopsis Altruism and Self-interest in a Political Economy of Public Education by : Jorge Soares
Download or read book Altruism and Self-interest in a Political Economy of Public Education written by Jorge Soares and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Politics and Business of Self-Interest from Tocqueville to Trump by : Richard Ned Lebow
Download or read book The Politics and Business of Self-Interest from Tocqueville to Trump written by Richard Ned Lebow and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-interest is an important human motive and this book explores its evolution in the United States and its consequences for politics, business, and personal relationships. In the postwar era American understandings of self-interest have moved away from Alexis de Tocqueville’s concept of “self-interest well-understood” – in which people recognize that their interests are served by the success of the community of which they are part – towards “individualism” – by which he meant narrow framing that often leads people to pursue their interests at the expense of the community. The book documents this evolution through qualitative and quantitative content analysis of presidential speeches, television sitcoms and popular music, before exploring its negative consequences for democracy.
Book Synopsis Against Democracy by : Jason Brennan
Download or read book Against Democracy written by Jason Brennan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bracingly provocative challenge to one of our most cherished ideas and institutions Most people believe democracy is a uniquely just form of government. They believe people have the right to an equal share of political power. And they believe that political participation is good for us—it empowers us, helps us get what we want, and tends to make us smarter, more virtuous, and more caring for one another. These are some of our most cherished ideas about democracy. But Jason Brennan says they are all wrong. In this trenchant book, Brennan argues that democracy should be judged by its results—and the results are not good enough. Just as defendants have a right to a fair trial, citizens have a right to competent government. But democracy is the rule of the ignorant and the irrational, and it all too often falls short. Furthermore, no one has a fundamental right to any share of political power, and exercising political power does most of us little good. On the contrary, a wide range of social science research shows that political participation and democratic deliberation actually tend to make people worse—more irrational, biased, and mean. Given this grim picture, Brennan argues that a new system of government—epistocracy, the rule of the knowledgeable—may be better than democracy, and that it's time to experiment and find out. A challenging critique of democracy and the first sustained defense of the rule of the knowledgeable, Against Democracy is essential reading for scholars and students of politics across the disciplines. Featuring a new preface that situates the book within the current political climate and discusses other alternatives beyond epistocracy, Against Democracy is a challenging critique of democracy and the first sustained defense of the rule of the knowledgeable.
Book Synopsis Democracy for Realists by : Christopher H. Achen
Download or read book Democracy for Realists written by Christopher H. Achen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why our belief in government by the people is unrealistic—and what we can do about it Democracy for Realists assails the romantic folk-theory at the heart of contemporary thinking about democratic politics and government, and offers a provocative alternative view grounded in the actual human nature of democratic citizens. Christopher Achen and Larry Bartels deploy a wealth of social-scientific evidence, including ingenious original analyses of topics ranging from abortion politics and budget deficits to the Great Depression and shark attacks, to show that the familiar ideal of thoughtful citizens steering the ship of state from the voting booth is fundamentally misguided. They demonstrate that voters—even those who are well informed and politically engaged—mostly choose parties and candidates on the basis of social identities and partisan loyalties, not political issues. They also show that voters adjust their policy views and even their perceptions of basic matters of fact to match those loyalties. When parties are roughly evenly matched, elections often turn on irrelevant or misleading considerations such as economic spurts or downturns beyond the incumbents' control; the outcomes are essentially random. Thus, voters do not control the course of public policy, even indirectly. Achen and Bartels argue that democratic theory needs to be founded on identity groups and political parties, not on the preferences of individual voters. Now with new analysis of the 2016 elections, Democracy for Realists provides a powerful challenge to conventional thinking, pointing the way toward a fundamentally different understanding of the realities and potential of democratic government.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Political Philosophy by : David Estlund
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Political Philosophy written by David Estlund and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes 22 new pieces by leading political philosophers, on traditional issues (such as authority and equality) and emerging issues (such as race, and money in politics). The pieces are clear and accessible will interest both students and scholars working in philosophy, political science, law, economics, and more.
Book Synopsis Helping and Being Helped by : Shirlynn Spacapan
Download or read book Helping and Being Helped written by Shirlynn Spacapan and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique in its emphasis on helping 'in the real world', this volume explores the group of behaviours variously labelled as helping, altruistic or prosocial - a classic and continually developing area of enquiry in social psychology.Contributors discuss helping behaviour as it naturally occurs in.
Book Synopsis The Power of Public Ideas by : Robert B. Reich
Download or read book The Power of Public Ideas written by Robert B. Reich and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Brighter Side Of Human Nature by : Alfie Kohn
Download or read book The Brighter Side Of Human Nature written by Alfie Kohn and published by . This book was released on 2008-08-05 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing from hundreds of studies in half a dozen fields, The Brighter Side of Human Nature makes a powerful case that caring and generosity are just as natural as selfishness and aggression. This lively refutation of cynical assumptions about our species considers the nature of empathy and the causes of war, why we (incorrectly) explain all behavior in terms of self-interest, and how we can teach children to care.
Book Synopsis Caring Democracy by : Joan C. Tronto
Download or read book Caring Democracy written by Joan C. Tronto and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans now face a caring deficit: there are simply too many demands on people’s time for us to care adequately for our children, elderly people, and ourselves.At the same time, political involvement in the United States is at an all-time low, and although political life should help us to care better, people see caring as unsupported by public life and deem the concerns of politics as remote from their lives. Caring Democracy argues that we need to rethink American democracy, as well as our fundamental values and commitments, from a caring perspective. The idea that production and economic life are the most important political and human concerns ignores the reality that caring, for ourselves and others, should be the highest value that shapes how we view the economy, politics, and institutions such as schools and the family. Care is at the center of our human lives, but Tronto argues it is currently too far removed from the concerns of politics. Caring Democracy traces the reasons for this disconnection and argues for the need to make care, not economics, the central concern of democratic political life. Joan C. Tronto is a Professor in the Political Science Department at the University of Minnesota. She is the author of Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care (Routledge).
Book Synopsis Next Phase of Business Ethics by : M. Pava
Download or read book Next Phase of Business Ethics written by M. Pava and published by JAI Press Incorporated. This book was released on 2001-10-23 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In searching for appropriate business ethics for the 21st century, it is necessary to embrace a range of inter-related disciplines such as psychology and ethics, but also areas including philosophy, politics and religion. This text acts as an example of interdisciplinary scholarship.
Book Synopsis The Hidden Agenda of the Political Mind by : Jason Weeden
Download or read book The Hidden Agenda of the Political Mind written by Jason Weeden and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-05 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why your political views are more self-serving than you think When it comes to politics, we often perceive our own beliefs as fair and socially beneficial, while seeing opposing views as merely self-serving. But in fact most political views are governed by self-interest, even if we usually don't realize it. Challenging our fiercely held notions about what motivates us politically, this book explores how self-interest divides the public on a host of hot-button issues, from abortion and the legalization of marijuana to same-sex marriage, immigration, affirmative action, and income redistribution. Expanding the notion of interests beyond simple economics, Jason Weeden and Robert Kurzban look at how people's interests clash when it comes to their sex lives, social status, family, and friends. Drawing on a wealth of data, they demonstrate how different groups form distinctive bundles of political positions that often stray far from what we typically think of as liberal or conservative. They show how we engage in unconscious rationalization to justify our political positions, portraying our own views as wise, benevolent, and principled while casting our opponents' views as thoughtless and greedy. While many books on politics seek to provide partisans with new ways to feel good about their own side, The Hidden Agenda of the Political Mind illuminates the hidden drivers of our politics, even if it's a picture neither side will find flattering.
