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Alternatives For Landmine Detection
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Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the rate that government and nongovernmental organizations are clearing existing landmines, it will take 450-500 years to rid the world of them. Concerned about the slow pace of demining, the Office of Science and Technology asked RAND to assess potential innovative technologies being explored and to project what funding would be required to foster the development of the more promising ones. The authors of this report suggest that the federal government undertake a research and development effort to develop a multisensor mine detection system over the next five to eight years.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by :
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antipersonnel mines remain a significant international threat to civilians despite recent intense efforts by the United States, other developed countries, and humanitarian aid organizations to clear them from postconflict regions. Mines claim an estimated 15,000-20,000 victims per year in some 90 countries. They jeopardize the resumption of normal activities-from subsistence farming to commercial enterprise-long after periods of conflict have ceased. For example, in Afghanistan during 2000, mines claimed 150-300 victims per month, half of them children. Although most of these mines were emplaced during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan (from 1979 to 1988), they continue to pose a serious risk to returning refugees and have placed vast tracts of farmland off limits. The United States currently invests about $100 million annually in humanitarian mine clearance-the largest commitment of any country. Despite this investment and the funding from many other developed nations and nongovernmental organizations, at the current rate clearing all existing mines could take 450-500 years.
Book Synopsis Detection of Explosives and Landmines by : Hiltmar Schubert
Download or read book Detection of Explosives and Landmines written by Hiltmar Schubert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ARW is the third NATO-sponsored workshop on Explosives Detection and Humanitarian Demining. The previous events were • Detection and Destruction of Anti-Personnel Landmines Moscow, 1997 • Explosives Detection and Decontamination of the Environment Prague, 1997. Over the last decade applied research in Humanitarian Demining has made progress to some extend, but according to the tremendous tasks of Demining and the lack of scientific methods for practical detection of explosive devices, research activities are still of the same importance than ever before. Concerning countermeasures against terrorism the detection of explosives is one of the keyfactors, but the practical applications are not sufficient solved. An international exchange of research results are therefore urgent, to find out the most promising measures for application. The coincidence of this ARW and the terrible disaster of New York and Washington may demonstrate the importance of this task. In consequence the explosive device detection technologies can make a major contribution to collective, family and individual security. In developed countries, these technologies provide a strong deterrent and preventative measure against terrorist threats. In less developed regions, they can improve individual, institutional and state security, lessening the insecurity that motivates many terrorists acts. The elimination of landmine threats is just one of many ways of achieving this. However our attempts to meet the extremely difficult technical challenges posed by landmine and UXO contamination are inevitably leading us to new technological approaches.
Book Synopsis Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines by : National Research Council
Download or read book Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-04-21 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines potential technologies for replacing antipersonnel landmines by 2006, the U.S. target date for signing an international treaty banning these weapons. Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines emphasizes the role that technology can play to allow certain weapons to be used more selectively, reducing the danger to uninvolved civilians while improving the effectiveness of the U.S. military. Landmines are an important weapon in the U.S. military's arsenal but the persistent variety can cause unintended casualties, to both civilians and friendly forces. New technologies could replace some, but not all, of the U.S. military's antipersonnel landmines by 2006. In the period following 2006, emerging technologies might eliminate the landmine totally, while retaining the necessary functionalities that today's mines provide to the military.
Book Synopsis Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining by : Katsuhisa Furuta
Download or read book Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining written by Katsuhisa Furuta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-24 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining reports on state-of-the-art technologies developed during a Japanese National Research Project (2002–2007). The conventional method of landmine detection is using metal detectors to sense the metal in mines, but often other metal fragments in minefields camouflage landmines and hinder progress using this form of demining. The challenge is to develop detection systems that can discriminate between AP landmines and random metal fragments. The JST adopted research proposals and the results are reported here. This book concentrates on aspects of three approaches to AP mine detection: enhancing and confirming the results of metal-detection scans using GPR; using robot vehicles and manipulators to operate within minefields remotely; and methods of sensing the explosives within mines. Results are presented in the fields of GPR, nuclear quadrupole resonance, neutron thermal analysis and biosensors. The integration of these methods for workable robot operation is demonstrated. The project was carried out in conjunction with mine action centers in Croatia, Cambodia and Afghanistan. Evaluation data from field trials are also given.
Book Synopsis Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines by : National Research Council
Download or read book Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-03-21 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines potential technologies for replacing antipersonnel landmines by 2006, the U.S. target date for signing an international treaty banning these weapons. Alternative Technologies to Replace Antipersonnel Landmines emphasizes the role that technology can play to allow certain weapons to be used more selectively, reducing the danger to uninvolved civilians while improving the effectiveness of the U.S. military. Landmines are an important weapon in the U.S. military's arsenal but the persistent variety can cause unintended casualties, to both civilians and friendly forces. New technologies could replace some, but not all, of the U.S. military's antipersonnel landmines by 2006. In the period following 2006, emerging technologies might eliminate the landmine totally, while retaining the necessary functionalities that today's mines provide to the military.
Book Synopsis Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives by : Jehuda Yinon
Download or read book Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives written by Jehuda Yinon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection of hidden explosives has become an issue of utmost importance in recent years. While terrorism is not new to the international community, recent terrorist attacks have raised the issue of detection of explosives and have generated a great demand for rapid, sensitive and reliable methods for detecting hidden explosives. Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives covers recent advances in this area of research including vapor and trace detection techniques (chemiluminescence, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, electrochemical methods and micromechanical sensors, such as microcantilevers) and bulk detection techniques (neutron techniques, nuclear quadrupole resonance, x-ray diffraction imaging, millimeter-wave imaging, terahertz imaging and laser techniques). This book will be of interest to any scientists involved in the design and application of security screening technologies including new sensors and detecting devices which will prevent the smuggling of bombs and explosives. * Covers latest advances in vapor and trace detection techniques and bulk detection techniques* Reviews both current techniques and those in advanced stages of development* Techniques that are described in detail, including its principles of operation, as well as its applications in the detection of explosives
Book Synopsis Innovations in Defence Support Systems – 1 by : Anthony Finn
Download or read book Innovations in Defence Support Systems – 1 written by Anthony Finn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-15 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in the area of Defence Support Systems are multi-disciplinary, cover a broad range of technologies, and could not possibly be covered within a single volume. This research book presents a sample of research as below: • On the Transition of Innovation and Technology in Defence • Inserting Innovations In-service • Classification of Battlefield Ground Vehicles based on the Acoustic Emissions • Convoy Movement Problem – An Optimization Perspective • Machine Vision Algorithms for Autonomous Aerial Refueling for UAVs using the USAF Refueling Boom Method • Motion Optimization Scheme for Cooperative Mobile Robots • An Automated Decision System for Landmine Detection and Classification The book is directed to the application engineers, research students, professors, decision makers and scientists & engineers working in defence and related areas.
Book Synopsis Landmine Detection Architectures and Their Implementation on FPGA by : Nikita Charankar
Download or read book Landmine Detection Architectures and Their Implementation on FPGA written by Nikita Charankar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The data collected by the NIITEK GPR, high range resolution (HRR) ground-penetrating radar (GPR), results in a digitized raw video representing signals re ected at the surface of as well as internal to the landmine due to changes in impedances, materials dielectric properties. This digitized signal has to undergo several stages of preprocessing in order to produce a binary-valued- sequence. A part of this sequence contains a specific length of string that is a characteristic of a mine pattern. The mine pattern, to be recognized from a longer string of processed GPR data, has to be presented to a landmine detector. The landmine detector not only detects the mine but also classifies them and discriminates the mines from clutter (noise). Three pattern recognizers, one reset Finite State Machine (FSM) and two behaviorally equivalent Parallel Correlators are designed to detect multiple landmines simultaneously. Alternative implementations of these processing modules are compared with respect to chip area in terms of number of slices (real-estate or chip area) and speed (processing time), as a function of the number of landmines to be simultaneously recognized. It is found that the reset FSM is smallest in size of all the architectures but the slowest, whereas, the first Parallel Correlator is largest in size and the second Correlator, the fastest. An alternative pattern recognizer, a non-reset Finite State Machine, sometimes known as a Rabin-Scott Machine, is also analyzed in terms of chip area (slices) and speed (processing time) but with respect to the relevant parameter, the maximum number of states in FSM. It was apparent that both- the size as well as the speed of the FSM increases with the increase in the number of states.
Book Synopsis Subsurface Sensing by : Ahmet S. Turk
Download or read book Subsurface Sensing written by Ahmet S. Turk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a solid understanding of the capabilities and limitations of the techniques used for buried object detection. Presenting theory along with applications and the existing technology, it covers the most recent developments in hardware and software technologies of sensor systems with a focus on primary sensors such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and auxiliary sensors such as Nuclear Quadruple Resonance (NQR). It is essential reading for students, practitioners, specialists, and academicians involved in the design and implementation of buried object detection sensors.
Book Synopsis Land Mine Detection by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Land Mine Detection written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis EM Detection of Concealed Targets by : David J. Daniels
Download or read book EM Detection of Concealed Targets written by David J. Daniels and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE LATEST EM TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING CONCEALED TARGETS, WHETHER EXPLOSIVES, WEAPONS, OR PEOPLE Extensively illustrated from basic principles to system design, the fundamental concepts of RF, microwave, millimeter wave, and terahertz detection systems and techniques to find concealed targets are explained in this publication. These concealed targets may be explosive devices or weapons, which can be buried in the ground, concealed in building structures, hidden under clothing, or inside luggage. Concealed targets may also be people who are stowaways or victims of an avalanche or earthquake. Although much information is available in conference proceedings and professional society publications, this book brings all the relevant information in a single, expertly written and organized volume. Readers gain an understanding of the physics underlying electromagnetic (EM) detection methods, as well as the factors that affect the performance of EM detection equipment, helping them choose the right type of equipment and techniques to meet the demands of particular tasks. Among the topics covered are: Ultra-wideband radar and ground-penetrating radar Millimeter, sub-millimeter, and terahertz systems Radar systems including Doppler, harmonic, impulse, FMCW, and holographic Radiometric systems Nuclear quadrupole resonance systems Author David Daniels has many years of experience designing and deploying EM systems to detect concealed targets. As a result, this publication is essential for scientists and engineers who are developing or using EM equipment and techniques for a diverse range of purposes, including homeland security, crime prevention, or the detection of persons.
Book Synopsis Land mine detection DOD's research program needs a comprehensive evaluation strategy : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Military Research and Development, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives by :
Download or read book Land mine detection DOD's research program needs a comprehensive evaluation strategy : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Military Research and Development, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Explosives Detection by : Lorenzo Capineri
Download or read book Explosives Detection written by Lorenzo Capineri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents selected contributions from the “Advanced Research Workshop on Explosives Detection” hosted by the Department of Information Engineering of the University of Florence, Italy in 2018. The main goal of the workshop was to find out how Science for Peace and Security projects in the field of Explosives Detection contribute to the development and/or refinement of scientific and technical knowledge and competencies. The findings of the workshop, presented in the last section of the book, determine future actions and direction of the SPS Programme in the field of explosives detection and management.The NATO Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme, promotes dialogue and practical cooperation between NATO member states and partner nations based on scientific research, technological innovation and knowledge exchange. Several initiatives were launched in the field of explosive detection and clearance, as part of NATO’s enhanced role in the international fight against terrorism. Experts and scientists from NATO members and partner countries have been brought together in multi-year projects, within the framework of the SPS Programme, to cooperate in the scientific research in explosive detection field, developing new technologies and methods to be implemented in order to detect explosive substances in different contexts.
Book Synopsis Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems by : Claudio Guarnaccia
Download or read book Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems written by Claudio Guarnaccia and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling and simulation in acoustics is currently gaining importance. In fact, with the development and improvement of innovative computational techniques and with the growing need for predictive models, an impressive boost has been observed in several research and application areas, such as noise control, indoor acoustics, and industrial applications. This led us to the proposal of a special issue about “Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems”, as we believe in the importance of these topics in modern acoustics’ studies. In total, 81 papers were submitted and 33 of them were published, with an acceptance rate of 37.5%. According to the number of papers submitted, it can be affirmed that this is a trending topic in the scientific and academic community and this special issue will try to provide a future reference for the research that will be developed in coming years.
Book Synopsis Trace Chemical Sensing of Explosives by : Ronald L. Woodfin
Download or read book Trace Chemical Sensing of Explosives written by Ronald L. Woodfin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-15 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book covers the most recent developments in the chemical detection of explosives in a variety of environments. Beginning with a broad view of the need for and the potential applications of chemical sensing, the book considers the issue of how to effectively include chemical sensing into systems designed to find hidden explosives devices. Offering a firsthand look at the latest technologies direct from those who are actively developing them, the book features: A look at the history of the field, including the contributions of recent programs A brief explanation of the chemistry of various explosives and differences in the place where they may be detected An introduction to the problems presented by trace element sensing An overview and comparison of the technologies currently being used and developed Case studies of field experiences with chemical sensors A look at the emerging threat of non-traditional explosives This book is an important reference for explosives engineers, systems engineers involved in the development of related devices, government agencies and NGOs involved in demining efforts, military and law enforcement specialists in mines and explosive ordinance disposal (EOD), as well as environmental scientists and chemists involved in explosives research. In addition to providing field workers with knowledge that will help them decide where and how to search for explosives using chemical sensors. It will provide them with an understanding of the potential and the limitations of chemical sensing in their search for and identification of dangerous devices.
Book Synopsis Deconstructing Organized Crime by : Joseph L. Albini
Download or read book Deconstructing Organized Crime written by Joseph L. Albini and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is organized crime? There have been many answers over the decades from scholars, governments, the media, pop culture and criminals themselves. These answers cumulatively created a "Mafia Mystique" that dominated discourse until after the Cold War, when transnational organized crime emerged as a pronounced, if nebulous, threat to global security and stability. The authors focus both on the American experience that dominated organized crime scholarship in the second half of the 20th century and on the more recent global scene. Case studies show that organized crime is best understood not as a series of famous gangsters and events but as a structure of everyday life formed by numerous political, social, economic and anthropological variables. Instructors considering this book for use in a course may request an examination copy here.
