Alternative Transportation Fuels Production From Cohydrotreatment Of Vegetable Oil And Pyrolysis Oils Derived From Biomass And Tires

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Alternative Transportation Fuels Production from Cohydrotreatment of Vegetable Oil and Pyrolysis Oils Derived from Biomass and Tires

Author : Yinglei Han
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Transportation Fuels Production from Cohydrotreatment of Vegetable Oil and Pyrolysis Oils Derived from Biomass and Tires by : Yinglei Han

Download or read book Alternative Transportation Fuels Production from Cohydrotreatment of Vegetable Oil and Pyrolysis Oils Derived from Biomass and Tires written by Yinglei Han and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pyrolysis oils derived from biomass and tire are viscous, heavy, chemically unstable liquids that contain heteroatoms (O, S) therefore, cracking, stabilization, deoxygenation or desulfurization of these oils through catalytic hydrotreatment has become the crucial step to yield transportation fuels. The main challenge in such process is that undesirable polymerization and crosslinking reactions still readily occur, leading to catalyst deactivation and then stop the desired stabilization, cracking, deoxygenation/desulfurization reaction in hydrotreatment. Hydrogen-donor solvents had been proved to be effective in reducing the coke formation for pyrolysis oil hydrotreatment. However, such addition to the feed posed difficulty on the products-recovery process. In this dissertation we had carefully examined the vegetable oil to study its possibility to serve as an efficient hydrogen-donor solvent in hydrotreatment of pyrolysis oil from tires and biomass. Potential success on such coprocessing could not only result in the "drop-in" fuels with both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, but also provide ease to scale up the process by utilizing the existing infrastructure (HEFA process). We reported the hydrocarbon fuels production from cohydrotreatment of canola oil and pyrolysis tire oil. The yields of the liquid products were above 90.wt.% with very low yields of coke. Naphtha, kerosene, and diesel cuts can be readily obtained from these liquids, symbolizing the feasibility of the proposed cohydrotreatment. However, for cohydrotreatment of vegetable oil and bio-oil, a pretreatment is needed to remove the sugar fractions that been identified as the main precursors of coke formation. Liquid-liquid extraction was therefore designed to yield two separated phases with the major sugars removed with the aqueous phase. Ternary phase diagram was initially constructed for organic solvent/water/bio-oil and the results indicated that 1-butanol was the most effective organic solvent with which the highest separation factor between the sugars and phenols can be obtained at the desirable solvent/feed ratio. Our experimental studies demonstrated that cohydrotreatment of vegetable oil and the resulting lignin-rich fraction of bio-oil yielded up to 90 wt.% liquid products with the reduced coke formation. A synergetic effect was observed during cohydrotreatment of vegetable oil and lignin-rich oil. Once a hydrocracking of the lignin-rich oil was performed, the coke yield on the lignin-oil basis in the following cohydrotreatment can be lowered from 34.7 to 6.6 wt.%.

Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309149363
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass by : National Research Council

Download or read book Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-12-24 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transportation sector cannot continue on its current path: The volatility of oil prices threatens the U.S. economy, the large proportion of oil importation threatens U.S. energy security, and the massive contribution of greenhouse gases threatens the environment. The development of domestic sources of alternative transportation fuels with lower greenhouse emissions is now a national imperative. Coal and biomass are in abundant supply in the United States and can be converted to liquid fuels that can be combusted in existing and future vehicles. Their abundant supply makes them attractive candidates to provide non-oil-based liquid fuels to the U.S. transportation system. However, there are important questions about the economic viability, carbon impact, and technology status of these options. Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass provides a snapshot of the potential costs of liquid fuels from biomass by biochemical conversion and from biomass and coal by thermochemical conversion. Policy makers, investors, leaders in industry, the transportation sector, and others with a concern for the environment, economy, and energy security will look to this book as a roadmap to independence from foreign oil. With immediate action and sustained effort, alternative liquid fuels can be available in the 2020 time frame, if or when the nation needs them.

Alternative Transportation Fuels

Author : M.K. Gajendra Babu
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439872813
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Transportation Fuels by : M.K. Gajendra Babu

Download or read book Alternative Transportation Fuels written by M.K. Gajendra Babu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A continuous rise in the consumption of gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum-based fuels will eventually deplete reserves and deteriorate the environment, Alternative Transportation Fuels: Utilisation in Combustion Engines explores the feasibility of using alternative fuels that could pave the way for the sustained operation of the transport sector. It assesses the potential avenues for using different alternative fuels in the transport sector, highlights several types of transport and its effect on the environment, and discusses the conventional and alternative fuels for land transport. • Provides experimental investigations relating to the utilization of alternative fuels in the internal combustion engines • Describes the alternative powered vehicles and potential alternative fuels for rail, marine, and aviation applications • Highlights the potential global warming and climate change on account of utilizing the conventional and alternative fuels The book starts off with coverage of the fuels for the land transport, aviation sector and reports on the experimental investigations relating to the utilisation of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines. It delivers an in-depth analysis of engine combustion, then focuses on fuel quality characterization and a modeling of alternative-fuelled engines, and describes alternative-powered vehicles. Based on the authors’ experience at laboratories around the globe, Alternative Transportation Fuels: Utilisation in Combustion Engines presents potential alternative fuels for rail, marine, and aviation applications. It examines potential global warming and climate change that could occur from the use of conventional and alternative fuels. It provides technical guidance on the future set up of refineries and automotive industries.

Prospects of Alternative Transportation Fuels

Author : Akhilendra P Singh
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789811075179
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (751 download)

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Book Synopsis Prospects of Alternative Transportation Fuels by : Akhilendra P Singh

Download or read book Prospects of Alternative Transportation Fuels written by Akhilendra P Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses different types of alternative fuels, including biodiesel, alcohol, synthetic fuels, compressed natural gas (CNG) and its blend with hydrogen, HCNG, and provides detailed information on the utilization of these alternative fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines. Further, it presents methods for production of these alternative fuels and explores advanced combustion techniques, such as low-temperature and dual-fuel combustion, using alternative fuels. It includes a chapter on the soot morphology of biodiesel, which focuses on the toxicity. There are also four chapters on hydrogen-fueled engines, which discuss use of hydrogen in IC engines and also provide important information on the methodologies. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.

Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition

Author : Sunggyu Lee
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 146659456X
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition by : Sunggyu Lee

Download or read book Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels—including efforts to reduce emissions of air pollutants associated with combustion processes from electric power generation and vehicular transportation—fossil fuel resources are limited and may soon be on the verge of depletion in the near future. Measuring the correlation between quality of life, energy consumption, and the efficient utilization of energy, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition thoroughly examines the science and technology of alternative fuels and their processing technologies. It focuses specifically on environmental, technoeconomic, and socioeconomic issues associated with the use of alternative energy sources, such as sustainability, applicable technologies, modes of utilization, and impacts on society. Written with research and development scientists and engineers in mind, the material in this handbook provides a detailed description and an assessment of available and feasible technologies, environmental health and safety issues, governmental regulations, and issues and agendas for R&D. It also includes alternative energy networks for production, distribution, and consumption. What’s New in This Edition: Contains several new chapters of emerging interest and updates various chapters throughout Includes coverage of coal gasification and liquefaction, hydrogen technology and safety, shale fuel by hydraulic fracturing, ethanol from lignocellulosics, biodiesel, algae fuels, and energy from waste products Covers statistics, current concerns, and future trends A single-volume complete reference, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition contains relevant information on chemistry, technology, and novel approaches, as well as scientific foundations for further enhancements and breakthroughs. In addition to its purposes as a handbook for practicing scientists and engineers, it can also be used as a textbook or as a reference book on fuel science and engineering, energy and environment, chemical process design, and energy and environmental policy.

Alternative Fuels for Transport

Author : Kerr C. Walker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Fuels for Transport by : Kerr C. Walker

Download or read book Alternative Fuels for Transport written by Kerr C. Walker and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Plant Oils as Fuels

Author : Norbert Martini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642722695
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Oils as Fuels by : Norbert Martini

Download or read book Plant Oils as Fuels written by Norbert Martini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among renewable energy resources, Biodiesel fuel made from rapeseed is of special importance in Europe. Economical, technological, ecological and toxicological arguments have been advanced implying that, at present, Biodiesel is at best just a "niche" product that can only compete with traditional fossil diesel fuel because of significant tax incentives. Given the present state of knowledge in these very different areas, the decisive question to be asked is whether the competitiveness, and thus marketability, of Biodiesel can be enhanced by biotechnological manipulations of the rape plant.

Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines

Author : Soo-Young No
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981136737X
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines by : Soo-Young No

Download or read book Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines written by Soo-Young No and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of liquid biofuels to internal combustion (IC) engines. Biofuels are one of the most promising renewable and sustainable energy sources. Particularly, liquid biofuels obtained from biomass could become a valid alternative to the use of fossil fuels in the light of increasingly stringent environmental constraints. In this book, the discussion is limited to liquid biofuels obtained from triglycerides and lignocellulose among the many different kinds of biomass. Several liquid biofuels from triglycerides, straight vegetable oil, biodiesel produced from inedible vegetable oil, hydrotreated vegetable oil, and pyrolytic oil have been selected for discussion, as well as biofuels from lignocellulose bio-oil, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, and biomass-to-liquids diesel. This book includes three chapters on the application of methanol, ethanol and butanol to advanced compression ignition (CI) engines such as LTC, HCCI, RCCI and DF modes. Further, the application of other higher alcohols and other drop-in fuels such as DMF, MF, MTHF, and GVL are also discussed. The book will be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and engine designers who are interested in the application of alcohols and other biofuels in advanced CI engines, and also useful for alternative energy planners selecting biofuels for CI engines in the future.

Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass

Author : Robert H. Borgwardt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass by : Robert H. Borgwardt

Download or read book Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass written by Robert H. Borgwardt and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. needs an alternative transportation fuel that can displace 30 percent of petroleum fuels by the year 2010, as called for by the Energy Policy Act (PL102-486). The Act, promulgated in October, 1992, seeks an alternative that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as improve the national economy by reducing oil imports. This paper examines the prospects for achieving those goals with alcohol fuels derived from biomass produced as short-rotation woody crops. Emphasis is on the Hydrocarb process, now under evaluation by the EPA for production of methanol from biomass and natural gas. Factors considered in this evaluation include: land requirements, feedstock costs, conversion yield of fuel per unit of biomass, cost per unit of fuel energy produced, and equivalent cost of gasoline displaced. The analysis indicates that a process such as Hydrocarb, that can leverage biomass with natural gas, should maximize petroleum displacement at least cost. Because of these advantages, it may also achieve greatest reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector.

From the Fryer to the Fuel Tank

Author : Joshua Tickell
Publisher : Tickell Energy Consultants
ISBN 13 : 9780970722706
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis From the Fryer to the Fuel Tank by : Joshua Tickell

Download or read book From the Fryer to the Fuel Tank written by Joshua Tickell and published by Tickell Energy Consultants. This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the American dependence on imported fossil fuel and proposes a solution in the form of biodiesel engines.

Pyrolysis Oil as an Alternative Fuel

Author : Tushar M. Patel
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659205279
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Pyrolysis Oil as an Alternative Fuel by : Tushar M. Patel

Download or read book Pyrolysis Oil as an Alternative Fuel written by Tushar M. Patel and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around the world, initiatives are being taken to replace gasoline and diesel fuel due to the impact of the fossil fuel crisis, increase in oil price, and the adoption of stringent emission norms. Increase in energy demand, stringent emission norms and depletion of oil resources led the researchers to find alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Many alternate fuels like Alcohols, Biodiesel, methanol, ethanol, LPG, CNG etc have been already commercialized in the transport sector. In this context, pyrolysis of solid waste is currently receiving renewed interest. The disposal of waste tires can be simplified to some extent by pyrolysis. The properties of the Tyre pyrolysis oil (TPO) derived from waste automobile tires were analyzed and compared with the petroleum products and found that it can also be used as a fuel for compression ignition engine. Test was carried out using 10%,15% and 20% blend of pyrolysis oil with diesel.D85 P15 blend found better in brake thermal efficiency. Ethanol was added in the concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% to Diesel-TPO blend. It was concluded that emission of HC and CO found reduced after adding ethanol into TPO-Diesel blend.

Potential and Challenges of Low Carbon Fuels for Sustainable Transport

Author : Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811684146
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Potential and Challenges of Low Carbon Fuels for Sustainable Transport by : Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Download or read book Potential and Challenges of Low Carbon Fuels for Sustainable Transport written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on low carbon fuels a preferable class of fuels for Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) highlighting the effect of low carbon fuels on tailpipe emissions. This book aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with low carbon fuels as a sustainable transport fuel. The volume includes recent results and are focused on current trends of automotive sector. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation, and environmental research.

Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies

Author : Sunggyu Lee
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142001451X
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies by : Sunggyu Lee

Download or read book Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-23 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to enabling a clean and energy efficient future, alternative fuel sources are fast becoming a necessity for meeting today's growing demands for low-cost and convenient energy. The Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies offers a thorough guide to the science and available technologies for developing alternatives to petroleum fuel sour

Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass

Author : Robert H. Borgwardt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass by : Robert H. Borgwardt

Download or read book Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sources by Alternative Fuels Derived from Biomass written by Robert H. Borgwardt and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. needs an alternative transportation fuel that can displace 30 percent of petroleum fuels by the year 2010, as called for by the Energy Policy Act (PL102-486). The Act, promulgated in October, 1992, seeks an alternative that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as improve the national economy by reducing oil imports. This paper examines the prospects for achieving those goals with alcohol fuels derived from biomass produced as short-rotation woody crops. Emphasis is on the Hydrocarb process, now under evaluation by the EPA for production of methanol from biomass and natural gas. Factors considered in this evaluation include: land requirements, feedstock costs, conversion yield of fuel per unit of biomass, cost per unit of fuel energy produced, and equivalent cost of gasoline displaced. The analysis indicates that a process such as Hydrocarb, that can leverage biomass with natural gas, should maximize petroleum displacement at least cost. Because of these advantages, it may also achieve greatest reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector.

Catalytic Hydrotreatment for the Development of Renewable Transportation Fuels

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalytic Hydrotreatment for the Development of Renewable Transportation Fuels by :

Download or read book Catalytic Hydrotreatment for the Development of Renewable Transportation Fuels written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Biologically-derived feedstocks are a highly desirable source of renewable transportation fuel. They can be grown renewably and can produce fuels similar in composition to conventional fossil fuels. They are also versatile and wide-ranging. Plant oils can produce renewable diesel and wood-based pyrolysis oils can be made into renewable gasoline. Catalytic hydrotreatment can be used to reduce the oxygen content of the oils and increase their viability as a "drop-in" transportation fuel, since they can then easily be blended with existing petroleum-based fuels. However, product distribution depends strongly on feedstock composition and processing parameters, especially temperature and type of catalyst. Current literature contains relatively little relevant information for predicting process-level data in a way that can be used for proper life cycle or techno-economic assessment. For pyrolysis oil, the associated reaction pathways have been explored via experimental studies on model compounds in a bench scale hydrotreatment reactor. The reaction kinetics of each compound were studied as a function of temperature and catalyst. This experimental data is used to determine rate constants for a hybrid, lumped-parameter kinetic model of paradigm compounds and pyrolysis oil, which can be used to scale-up this process to simulate larger, pilot-scale reactors. For plant oils, some appropriate data was found in the literature and adapted for a preliminary model, while some experimental data was also collected using the same reactor constructed for the pyrolysis oil studies. With a systematic collection of kinetic data, hydrotreatment models can be developed that can predict important life cycle assessment inputs, such as hydrogen consumption, energy consumption and greenhouse gas production, which are necessary for regulatory and assessment purposes. As a demonstration of how this model can be incorporated into assessment tools, a technoeconomic analysis was performed on the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignin from a pulp mill, with some of the products sent to a refinery to create biofuel and some of the products used to create BTEX. The process-level model developed earlier was used to model hydrotreatment reactors used to generate commodity chemical co-products from phenolic compounds. Overall, this process showed promise and, with improving separations technology, could be a valuable source of revenue for pulp mills and refiners. However, in order to be truly profitable, the minimum selling price of the biofuel would need to be between $3.52 and $3.96 per gallon.

Ultraclean Transportation Fuels

Author : Olayinka I. Ogunsola
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultraclean Transportation Fuels by : Olayinka I. Ogunsola

Download or read book Ultraclean Transportation Fuels written by Olayinka I. Ogunsola and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will undertake the research and development activities on ultra clean transportation fuels that in recent years have significantly increased to meet the progressively more demand. This symposium series book describes various aspects (production, processing, upgrading, and utilization) of recent research and developments related to ultra clean transportation fuels from a variety of hydrocarbon feedstocks (coal, petroleum coke, biomass, waste oil, and natural gas).

Alternative Fuels and Their Utilization Strategies in Internal Combustion Engines

Author : Akhilendra Pratap Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811504180
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Fuels and Their Utilization Strategies in Internal Combustion Engines by : Akhilendra Pratap Singh

Download or read book Alternative Fuels and Their Utilization Strategies in Internal Combustion Engines written by Akhilendra Pratap Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers alternative fuels and their utilization strategies in internal combustion engines. The main objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the production and utilization aspects of different types of liquid and gaseous alternative fuels. In the last few years, methanol and DME have gained significant attention of the energy sector, because of their capability to be utilized in different types of engines. This book will be a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.