Agriculture And Economic Transformation In The Middle East And North Africa A Review Of The Past With Lessons For The Future

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Agriculture and economic transformation in the Middle East and North Africa: A review of the past with lessons for the future

Author : Nin-Pratt, Alejandro
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896292959
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and economic transformation in the Middle East and North Africa: A review of the past with lessons for the future by : Nin-Pratt, Alejandro

Download or read book Agriculture and economic transformation in the Middle East and North Africa: A review of the past with lessons for the future written by Nin-Pratt, Alejandro and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-12-31 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agriculture sector is key for economic and social development, but the sector’s potential has not received enough attention from policy makers and stakeholders in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Political transitions, instability, and the resulting refugee crisis have shifted focus away from other pressing development challenges, including slow progress in economic diversification, high unemployment, and persistent high food insecurity and rural poverty. Despite its small contribution to GDP, agriculture is strategic for sustainable development in the MENA countries. Agriculture, for example, is central to achieve food and water security in a region characterized as one of the most food insecure and water scarce in the world. The sector’s role in employment is also central, given the region’s high structural unemployment. However, it will not be possible for MENA countries to develop agriculture without a pathway to structural economic transformation. The region has already started the process of transformation but longstanding challenges remain. This report aims to examine the drivers, constraints, and social implications of agricultural development in MENA and to explore possible cornerstones for new and sustainable development strategies in the context of economic transformation. More specifically, the report provides answers to the following questions: • What development strategies and policies did governments in MENA put in place over the past three decades and how did they affect the performance of agriculture? • How did the structural characteristics of the MENA countries affect agricultural development and the economic transformation process in the region? • What did we learn from the past performance of agriculture? What should be the central elements guiding future agricultural policies? • What are elements of a new and sustainable development strategy in MENA countries? • What is the role of agriculture and agro-industries for development in MENA?

Towards a new generation of policies and investments in agricultural water in the Arab region

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251314314
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards a new generation of policies and investments in agricultural water in the Arab region by : Food and Agriculture Organization

Download or read book Towards a new generation of policies and investments in agricultural water in the Arab region written by Food and Agriculture Organization and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arab region needs a new generation of policies and investments in agricultural water. Agricultural water management has always posed challenges and opportunities in the Arab world. However, unprecedented and accelerating drivers such as climate change, population growth, and land degradation make agricultural water management a more urgent priority than ever before. In addition, as part of the 2030 UN Agenda for Sustainable Development, Arab countries have committed to work towards an ambitious set of development targets, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unless the right policies and investments are put in place, it will be difficult to achieve the SDGs, including ending hunger and providing clean water and sanitation for all. This paper is part of an ongoing collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Water Management Institute to foster dialogue on agricultural water policies and investments in the context of the FAO led Regional Water Scarcity initiative. The purpose of the paper is to frame the key challenges and opportunities in the sector – including emerging innovations in digital agriculture, water accounting, water supply and wastewater reuse – and to lay out broad strategic directions for action.

Climate-resilience policies and investments for Egypt’s agriculture sector: Sustaining productivity and food security

Author : Perez, Nicostrato D.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896294188
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate-resilience policies and investments for Egypt’s agriculture sector: Sustaining productivity and food security by : Perez, Nicostrato D.

Download or read book Climate-resilience policies and investments for Egypt’s agriculture sector: Sustaining productivity and food security written by Perez, Nicostrato D. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of a resilient agriculture sector in providing food security, livelihoods, and household income was highlighted in many countries by the recent pandemic, as was the capacity of the sector to cushion the negative impacts of the subsequent economic slowdown. This has been the case in Egypt, where agriculture has been resilient to the health crisis in comparison with the service and industry sectors (Breisinger et al. 2020). However, the sector’s resiliency is gradually being corroded by climate change, with lasting, harmful effects for agriculture and food systems.

Water Policies in MENA Countries

Author : Slim Zekri
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030292746
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Policies in MENA Countries by : Slim Zekri

Download or read book Water Policies in MENA Countries written by Slim Zekri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on national policies and regulations related to water resource management in the Middle East and North African countries (MENA), where water scarcity problems are critical. The physical/natural constraints, socio-economic and political circumstances make the MENA region a sort of ‘laboratory’ for natural resource management and particularly water management. The book provides a good comparison on how neighboring countries with quite similar natural constraints and cultures are addressing water problems in different ways. It enlightens water resource specialists on successful experiences around the region and show cases the reforms undertaken in the water sector to meet the challenges posed by urbanization, food security, water pollution and climate change. The book constitutes nine chapters, seven of them with content from the main MENA countries. It starts with an introductory chapter that provides background information on the region’s water resources with descriptive statistics and historical developments of the water sector. It ends with a chapter that summarizes the policy implications and main conclusions on the way forward for sustainable management of water in MENA countries.

Addressing the water challenges in the agriculture sector in Near East and North Africa

Author : Elmahdi, A., Badawy, A., Alejandro Paltan Lopez, H.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251363250
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Addressing the water challenges in the agriculture sector in Near East and North Africa by : Elmahdi, A., Badawy, A., Alejandro Paltan Lopez, H.

Download or read book Addressing the water challenges in the agriculture sector in Near East and North Africa written by Elmahdi, A., Badawy, A., Alejandro Paltan Lopez, H. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-06-27 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The background paper entitled “Addressing the water challenges in the agriculture sector in Near East and North Africa (NENA)” is part of a series of background papers that supported the production of the regional publication "State of Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture (SOLAW) in the Near East and North Africa Region". The paper reports on the issues, responses and monitoring progress in relation to supporting the region to maintain local agricultural production with less water.

Altered Destinies

Author : Roberta Gatti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819742
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Altered Destinies by : Roberta Gatti

Download or read book Altered Destinies written by Roberta Gatti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth is forecasted to slow down for the Middle East and North Africa region. The war in Ukraine in 2022 exacerbated inflationary pressures as the world recovered from the COVID 19 pandemic-induced recession. The response by central banks to raise rates to curb inflation is slowing economic activity, while rising food prices are making it difficult for families to put meals on the table. Inflation, when it stems from food prices, hits the poor harder than the rich. Moreover, food insecurity in MENA has been rising over decades. The immediate effects of food insecurity can be a devastating loss of life, but even temporary increases in food prices can cause long-term irreversible damages, especially to children. The rise in food prices due to the war in Ukraine may have altered the destinies of thousands of children in the region, setting them on paths to limited prosperity. Food insecurity imposes challenges to a region where the state of child nutrition and health were inadequate before the shocks from the COVID-19 pandemic. The report discusses policy options and highlights the need for data to guide effective decision making.

Phasing out energy subsidies as part of Egypt’s economic reform program: Impacts and policy implications

Author : Breisinger, Clemens
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phasing out energy subsidies as part of Egypt’s economic reform program: Impacts and policy implications by : Breisinger, Clemens

Download or read book Phasing out energy subsidies as part of Egypt’s economic reform program: Impacts and policy implications written by Breisinger, Clemens and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to address long-standing economic challenges, in 2016 the Government of Egypt (GOE) put in place a major economic reform program to restore macroeconomic stability and to promote inclusive growth. As a result, there are early signs that the economy is rebounding and Egypt’s economic outlook is becoming more favorable. However, it is less clear how the ongoing reform program is affecting households, especially the poor. To shed light on this question, this paper uses an economy-wide model to estimate the distributional impacts of the energy subsidy cuts in 2014, 2016, and 2017, the currency devaluation at the end of 2016, and the expected complete phasing out of energy subsidies over the coming years.

Advancing rural advisory services in Arab countries to promote market orientation and inclusive transformation

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251379130
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing rural advisory services in Arab countries to promote market orientation and inclusive transformation by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Advancing rural advisory services in Arab countries to promote market orientation and inclusive transformation written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small-scale family farmers are the backbone of rural communities in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. Despite their extensive participation in the agricultural sector, these types of farmers and their farms are disproportionately affected by poverty, ultimately constituting about 70 percent of the poorliving in the region. Apart from adverse agroclimatic conditions, smallscale farmers experience several challenges that stem from their limited assets, land fragmentation and weak capacities, with negative impacts on their productivity, profitability and income. Specific constraints include low volume and quality of produce, high transaction costs, high costs of inputs, low prices and weak access to market information and postharvest facilities – all of which adds up to a limited ability to reach and compete in markets. Small-scale farmers need services that enable them to make informed decisions and facilitate their access to quality inputs, post-harvest facilities and more profitable markets. They also need to reinforce their capacities to act collectively and develop effective organizations that can articulate their demands, amplify their voice, and facilitate their access to services and markets. As a result of persisting gender-based social norms, women typically face more challenges than men in terms of owning assets, accessing quality inputs and services, reaching markets and achieving fair prices.

2019 Global food policy report

Author : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896293505
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis 2019 Global food policy report by : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

Download or read book 2019 Global food policy report written by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-03-27 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFPRI’s flagship report reviews the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2018, and considers challenges and opportunities for 2019. This year’s Global Food Policy Report highlights the urgency of rural revitalization to address a growing crisis in rural areas. Rural people around the world continue to struggle with food insecurity, persistent poverty and inequality, and environmental degradation. Policies, institutions, and investments that take advantage of new opportunities and technologies, increase access to basic services, create more and better rural jobs, foster gender equality, and restore the environment can make rural areas vibrant and healthy places to live and work. Drawing on recent findings, IFPRI researchers and other distinguished food policy experts consider critical aspects of rural revitalization.

Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and Management

Author : R.K. Gaur
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323907113
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and Management by : R.K. Gaur

Download or read book Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and Management written by R.K. Gaur and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-05-28 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and Management focuses on the latest techniques for managing diseases caused by these circular, single-stranded (ss) DNA genomes. The most significant impact of plant diseases in host populations is often caused by emerging diseases, whose incidence in a plant host is increasing as a result of long-term changes in their underlying epidemiology. Genetic changes in pathogen and host populations, as well as changes in host ecology and environment, are major factors contributing to disease emergence. Understanding plant virus evolution is crucial for modeling the within-host and between-host dynamics and genetics of virus populations. The book presents a comprehensive review of how these viruses develop, including contributing factors such as population bottlenecks during cell-to-cell movement, systemic colonization, or between-host transmission by different procedures. Presented in five sections—Detection and Diagnosis, Emergence and Diversity, Vector and Transmission, Virus–Host Interaction, and Disease Management, the book includes host range determinant and virulence factors involved in pathogenesis, virus–vector interactions during acquisition, retention, and transmission and evaluating management strategies to control Geminivirus. The book is an essential reference for students and researchers interested in plant virology, particularly begomoviruses, geminiviruses, and vector transmission biology. - Introduces identification and characterization of geminiviruses that infect agricultural crops, their wild relatives, and weed hosts - Discusses recombination and reassortment mechanisms influencing viral genetic diversity, virulence, and vector transmission - Explores the origin, evolution, and bottlenecks of Geminiviruses - Introduces identification and characterization of geminiviruses that infect agricultural crops, their wild relatives, and weed hosts - Discusses recombination and reassortment mechanisms influencing viral genetic diversity, virulence, and vector transmission - Explores the origin, evolution, and bottlenecks of Geminiviruses

Regionalized Social Accounting Matrix for Yemen: A 2014 Nexus project SAM

Author : Raouf, Mariam
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Regionalized Social Accounting Matrix for Yemen: A 2014 Nexus project SAM by : Raouf, Mariam

Download or read book Regionalized Social Accounting Matrix for Yemen: A 2014 Nexus project SAM written by Raouf, Mariam and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is a representation of an economy that shows the circular flow of all transfers and real transactions between sectors and institutions. The SAM, which is a square matrix, describes the flows of incomes from activities, taking the form of factor remunerations, that are consequently received by the households for consumption on goods and services. The accounts in the SAM are the production activities, commodities, institutions, and factors of production. According to data availability, the production activities can be further disaggregated to include more detailed information on sub-sectoral or regional production. Similarly, the factors of production could be differentiated by the level of skills or the location of employment. Households can be disaggregated by income quintiles or by rural and urban residence.

Borderlands

Author : Raffaella A. Del Sarto
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198833555
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Borderlands by : Raffaella A. Del Sarto

Download or read book Borderlands written by Raffaella A. Del Sarto and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study proposes a different understanding of the complex relationship between Europe and the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa, it challenges the conventional wisdom on Europe's benevolent foreign policy and the image of 'Fortress Europe' alike.

Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition

Author : Joachim Von Braun
Publisher : International Food Policy Research Insitute
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition by : Joachim Von Braun

Download or read book Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition written by Joachim Von Braun and published by International Food Policy Research Insitute. This book was released on 1994 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subsistence production: a sign of market failure. Commercialization cannot be left to the market. Household effects of commercialization. Nutrition effects of commercialization. Policy action needed.

Beyond the business case for agricultural value chain development: An economywide approach applied to Egypt

Author : Breisinger, Clemens
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the business case for agricultural value chain development: An economywide approach applied to Egypt by : Breisinger, Clemens

Download or read book Beyond the business case for agricultural value chain development: An economywide approach applied to Egypt written by Breisinger, Clemens and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper goes beyond the “business” case for agricultural value chain development and presents an economy-wide framework to make the “development” case. We show that there are several key transmission channels that determine the economy-wide impacts of promoting various value chains, including forward and backward economic linkages, price responses, and net employment effects. These impacts all matter for household incomes, poverty, and dietary diversity. Results for Egypt show that agricultural value chain development generates economy-wide growth as well as growth in the agri-food system, but the impacts on employment suggest that agricultural growth can create new (and better) jobs in and beyond the agri-food system, but not necessarily more jobs. The results also show that productivity-driven agricultural growth in all crops is pro-poor and improves nutrition. However, potential adverse effects of livestock-led growth show that growth acceleration in single sectors can be negative, highlighting the importance of a systems analysis or, in our case, an economy-wide analysis. It is clear that no single sub-sector is best at achieving all the development outcomes examined. Moreover, the ranking of value chains by their development outcomes differs across sub-national regions. As such, results from this paper may provide useful decision support for the government and its development partners to select value chains depending on their priority development outcomes.

Food policies and their implications on overweight and obesity trends in selected countries in the Near East and North Africa region

Author : International Food Policy Research Institute
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251336830
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Food policies and their implications on overweight and obesity trends in selected countries in the Near East and North Africa region by : International Food Policy Research Institute

Download or read book Food policies and their implications on overweight and obesity trends in selected countries in the Near East and North Africa region written by International Food Policy Research Institute and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional and global trends in body weight show that the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region countries, especially the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries, have the highest average body mass index and highest rates of overweight and obesity in the world. There exist several explanations that expound the high rates of overweight and obesity in most NENA countries, including the nutrition transition, urbanization, changes in lifestyle, and consequent reduction of physical activities. This study examines the implication of food policies, mainly trade and government food subsidies, on evolving nutritional transitions and associated body weight outcomes. We examine the evolution of trade (food) policies, food systems, and body weight outcomes across selected countries in the NENA region – Egypt, Jordan, and Iraq. In particular, we investigate the implications of important trade (food) policies in shaping diets and food systems as well as their implications on public health outcomes, mainly the rising levels of overweight and obesity in the NENA region. We provide a simple conceptual framework through which trade policies (tariff rates) and domestic government food policies (subsidies) may affect food systems and nutritional outcomes. An important and innovative feature of this study is that it compiles several macro- and micro-level datasets that allow both macro and micro-level analyses of the evolution of trade (food) policies and associated obesity trends. This approach helps to at least partly overcome the data scarcity that complicates rigorous policy research in the NENA region. Overweight and obesity rates have almost doubled between 1975 and 2016, with varying rates and trends across regions. For instance, whereas body weight in the NENA region was comparable with that found in high-income countries in the early years, after the 1990s regional overweight and obesity rates became much higher than those in high-income countries. Specifically, while most high-income countries are experiencing a relative slowing of increases in overweight rates, the trend for the NENA region continues to increase at higher rates. The evolution of overweight rates for the GCC countries are even more concerning. These trends are likely to contribute to the already high burden of non-communicable diseases in the NENA region.

The (Arab) Agricultural Investment for Development Analyzer (AIDA): An innovative tool for evidence-based planning

Author : Raouf, Mariam
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The (Arab) Agricultural Investment for Development Analyzer (AIDA): An innovative tool for evidence-based planning by : Raouf, Mariam

Download or read book The (Arab) Agricultural Investment for Development Analyzer (AIDA): An innovative tool for evidence-based planning written by Raouf, Mariam and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes an innovative agricultural and rural economic planning tool that will help governments and analysts in the design of agricultural investment plans: the (Arab) Agricultural Investment for Development Analyzer (AIDA). A policy challenge for all governments, including those in the Middle East and North Africa, is determining the appropriate allocation and quality of public spending to foster agricultural and rural economic growth, employment creation, and poverty reduction. The AIDA economic planning toolkit has been built using an economy-wide and minimalistic investment data approach to assist governments in meeting this planning challenge. Centered on the use of economy-wide Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models, it allows for a comprehensive planning approach to ensure that the level and allocation of investment in the agriculture and rural sectors is sufficient for achieving desired targeted outcomes. It does this by linking agricultural and rural spending to economic growth, job creation, and household poverty, given resource and market constraints, as well as considering trade-offs and opportunity costs associated with different investment options. Such a holistic system approach enables the ranking of possible interventions and allocations of public funds amid possible changes in public policy to help in designing national agriculture plans and targets.

Prioritizing development policy research in Sudan: An innovative approach to guide IFPRI’s Sudan Strategy Support Program

Author : Kirui, Oliver K.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Prioritizing development policy research in Sudan: An innovative approach to guide IFPRI’s Sudan Strategy Support Program by : Kirui, Oliver K.

Download or read book Prioritizing development policy research in Sudan: An innovative approach to guide IFPRI’s Sudan Strategy Support Program written by Kirui, Oliver K. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-04-04 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an innovative approach to prioritizing development policy research in Sudan with the specific objective of informing the research agenda of the Sudan Strategy Support Program (Sudan SSP) of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). The key steps in this process were: A review of relevant priority setting methods and existing government strategies, Pre-selection of research themes, Selection of national and international experts, Design and conduct priority setting workshop; and Priority matrix construction and paper writing. The paper suggests key research priorities for Sudan, which are both highly relevant to Sudan’s current and future development policy agenda and consistent with IFPRI’s own comparative advantage and strategy. It identifies research areas and topics under five main themes, namely: 1. Agricultural production, 2. Markets and trade, 3. Livelihoods and nutrition, 4. Development strategy and investment planning, and 5. Increasing resilience of farming under growing climate challenges. Tackling the priority research tasks identified in this paper, for these five themes, is expected to help reduce poverty and improve food and nutrition security in Sudan. However, strengthening the links between policy research and decision-making will be crucial to ensure that evidence-based solutions are relevant and have a positive impact on people’s lives.