Agenda Relevance A Study In Formal Pragmatics

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Agenda Relevance: A Study in Formal Pragmatics

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008052687X
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Agenda Relevance: A Study in Formal Pragmatics by :

Download or read book Agenda Relevance: A Study in Formal Pragmatics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-05-29 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agenda Relevance is the first volume in the authors' omnibus investigation of the logic of practical reasoning, under the collective title, A Practical Logic of Cognitive Systems. In this highly original approach, practical reasoning is identified as reasoning performed with comparatively few cognitive assets, including resources such as information, time and computational capacity. Unlike what is proposed in optimization models of human cognition, a practical reasoner lacks perfect information, boundless time and unconstrained access to computational complexity. The practical reasoner is therefore obliged to be a cognitive economizer and to achieve his cognitive ends with considerable efficiency. Accordingly, the practical reasoner avails himself of various scarce-resource compensation strategies. He also possesses neurocognitive traits that abet him in his reasoning tasks. Prominent among these is the practical agent's striking (though not perfect) adeptness at evading irrelevant information and staying on task. On the approach taken here, irrelevancies are impediments to the attainment of cognitive ends. Thus, in its most basic sense, relevant information is cognitively helpful information. Information can then be said to be relevant for a practical reasoner to the extent that it advances or closes some cognitive agenda of his. The book explores this idea with a conceptual detail and nuance not seen the standard semantic, probabilistic and pragmatic approaches to relevance; but wherever possible, the authors seek to integrate alternative conceptions rather than reject them outright. A further attraction of the agenda-relevance approach is the extent to which its principal conceptual findings lend themselves to technically sophisticated re-expression in formal models that marshal the resources of time and action logics and label led deductive systems. Agenda Relevance is necessary reading for researchers in logic, belief dynamics, computer science, AI, psychology and neuroscience, linguistics, argumentation theory, and legal reasoning and forensic science, and will repay study by graduate students and senior undergraduates in these same fields. Key features: • relevance • action and agendas • practical reasoning • belief dynamics • non-classical logics • labelled deductive systems

Relevance and Narrative Research

Author : Matei Chihaia
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 149858683X
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Relevance and Narrative Research by : Matei Chihaia

Download or read book Relevance and Narrative Research written by Matei Chihaia and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Relevance” is one of the most widely used buzz words in academic and other socio-political discourses and institutions today, which constantly ask us to “be relevant.” To date, there is no profound scholarly conceptualization of the term, however, which is widely accepted in the humanities. Relevance and Narrative Research closes this gap by initiating a discussion which turns the vaguely defined evaluative tool “relevance” into an object of study. The contributors to this volume do so by firmly situating questions of relevance in the context of narrative theory. Briefly put, they ask either “What can ‘relevance’ do for narrative research?” or “What can narrative research do for better understanding ‘relevance?’” or both. The basic assumption is that relevance is a relational term. Further assuming that most (if not all) relations which human beings encounter within their cultures are narratively constructed, the contributors to this volume suggest that reflections on narrative and narrative research are fundamental to any endeavor to conceptualize notions of “relevance.”

Logic and Its Applications

Author : Mohua Banerjee
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662458241
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic and Its Applications by : Mohua Banerjee

Download or read book Logic and Its Applications written by Mohua Banerjee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-22 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the refereed proceedings of the 6th Indian Conference on Logic and Its Applications, ICLA 2015, held in Mumbai, India, in January 2015. The volume contains 13 full revised papers along with 3 invited talks presented at the conference. The papers were selected after rigorous review, from 23 submissions. They cover topics related to pure and applied formal logic, foundations and philosophy of mathematics and the sciences, set theory, model theory, proof theory, areas of theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, systems of logic in the Indian tradition, and other disciplines which are of direct interest to mathematical and philosophical logic.

The Routledge Pragmatics Encyclopedia

Author : Louise Cummings
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135214565
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Pragmatics Encyclopedia by : Louise Cummings

Download or read book The Routledge Pragmatics Encyclopedia written by Louise Cummings and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Handbook of Philosophical Logic

Author : D.M. Gabbay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402035217
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Philosophical Logic by : D.M. Gabbay

Download or read book Handbook of Philosophical Logic written by D.M. Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-17 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ninth volume of the Second Edition contains major contributions on Rewriting Logic as a Logical and Semantic Framework, Logical Frameworks, Proof Theory and Meaning, Goal Directed Deductions, Negations, Completeness and Consistency as well as Logic as General Rationality. Audience: Students and researchers whose work or interests involve philosophical logic and its applications.

Reflections on Theoretical Issues in Argumentation Theory

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331921103X
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Reflections on Theoretical Issues in Argumentation Theory by : Frans H. van Eemeren

Download or read book Reflections on Theoretical Issues in Argumentation Theory written by Frans H. van Eemeren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-08 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a selection of papers reflecting key theoretical issues in argumentation theory. Its six sections are devoted to specific themes, including the analysis and evaluation of argumentation, argument schemes and the contextual embedding of argumentation. The section on general perspectives on argumentation discusses the trends of empiricalization, contextualization and formalization, offers descriptions of the analytical and evaluative tools of informal logic, and highlights selected principles that argumentation theorists do and do not agree upon. In turn, the section on linguistic approaches to argumentation focuses on the problem of distinguishing between explanation and argument, while also elaborating on the role of verbal indicators of argument schemes. All essays included in this volume point out notable recent developments in the study of argumentation.

Approaches to Legal Rationality

Author : Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048195888
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Approaches to Legal Rationality by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book Approaches to Legal Rationality written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-04 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legal theory, political sciences, sociology, philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence: there are many approaches to legal argumentation. Each of them provides specific insights into highly complex phenomena. Different disciplines, but also different traditions in disciplines (e.g. analytical and continental traditions in philosophy) find here a rare occasion to meet. The present book contains contributions, both historical and thematic, from leading researchers in several of the most important approaches to legal rationality. One of the main issues is the relation between logic and law: the way logic is actually used in law, but also the way logic can make law explicit. An outstanding group of philosophers, logicians and jurists try to meet this issue. The book is more than a collection of papers. However different their respective conceptual tools may be, the authors share a common conception: legal argumentation is a specific argumentation context.

Handbook of Philosophical Logic

Author : Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940170466X
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Philosophical Logic by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book Handbook of Philosophical Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is with great pleasure that we are presenting to the community the second edition of this extraordinary handbook. It has been over 15 years since the publication of the first edition and there have been great changes in the landscape of philosophical logic since then. The first edition has proved invaluable to generations of students and researchers in formal philosophy and language, as well as to consumers of logic in many applied areas. The main logic article in the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1999 has described the first edition as 'the best starting point for exploring any of the topics in logic'. We are confident that the second edition will prove to be just as good! The first edition was the second handbook published for the logic commu nity. It followed the North Holland one volume Handbook of Mathematical Logic, published in 1977, edited by the late Jon Barwise. The four volume Handbook of Philosophical Logic, published 1983-1989 came at a fortunate temporal junction at the evolution of logic. This was the time when logic was gaining ground in computer science and artificial intelligence circles. These areas were under increasing commercial pressure to provide devices which help and/or replace the human in his daily activity. This pressure required the use of logic in the modelling of human activity and organisa tion on the one hand and to provide the theoretical basis for the computer program constructs on the other.

Modal Logics and Philosophy, Second Edition

Author : Rod Girle
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773550755
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Modal Logics and Philosophy, Second Edition by : Rod Girle

Download or read book Modal Logics and Philosophy, Second Edition written by Rod Girle and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this widely used and respected textbook includes three new chapters on conditional logic. Other chapters have been revised and updated, making the second edition a fully comprehensive introduction to modal logics and their application. Unlike most modal logic textbooks, which are both forbidding mathematically and short on philosophical discussion, Modal Logics and Philosophy focuses on showing how useful modal logic can be as a tool for formal philosophical analysis. In Part 1, the reader is introduced to some standard systems of modal logic and provided with a series of exercises that encourage proficiency in manipulating these logics. Girle emphasizes possible world semantics for modal logics and its formal method, Jeffrey-style truth-trees, in which standard truth-trees are extended in a simple and transparent way to take possible worlds into account. Part 2 explores the applications of modal logic to philosophical issues such as truth, time, processes, knowledge and belief, and obligation and permission.

The Death of Argument

Author : J.H. Woods
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402027125
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Death of Argument by : J.H. Woods

Download or read book The Death of Argument written by J.H. Woods and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work is a fair record of work I've done on the fallacies and related matters in the fifteen years since 1986. The book may be seen as a sequel to Fallacies: Selected papers 1972-1982, which I wrote with Douglas Walton, and which appeared in 1989 with Foris. This time I am on my own. Douglas Walton has, long since, found his own voice, as the saying has it; and so have I. Both of us greatly value the time we spent performing duets, but we also recognize the attractions of solo work. If I had to characterize the difference that has manifested itself in our later work, I would venture that Walton has strayed more, and I less, from what has come to be called the Woods-Walton Approach to the study of fallacies. Perhaps, on reflection "stray" is not the word for it, inasmuch as Walton's deviation from and my fidelity to the WWA are serious matters of methodological principle. The WWA was always conceived of as a way of handling the analysis of various kinds of fallacious argument or reasoning. It was a response to a particular challenge [Hamblin, 1970]. The challenge was that since logicians had allowed the investigation of fallacious reasoning to fall into disgraceful disarray, it was up to them to put things right. Accordingly, the WWA sought these repairs amidst the rich pluralisms of logic in the 1970s and beyond.

A Practical Logic of Cognitive Systems

Author : Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080460925
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis A Practical Logic of Cognitive Systems by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book A Practical Logic of Cognitive Systems written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-05-02 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work is a continuation of the authors' acclaimed multi-volume APractical Logic of Cognitive Systems. After having investigated the notion ofrelevance in their previous volume, Gabbay and Woods now turn to abduction. Inthis highly original approach, abduction is construed as ignorance-preservinginference, in which conjecture plays a pivotal role. Abduction is a response to acognitive target that cannot be hit on the basis of what the agent currently knows.The abducer selects a hypothesis which were it true would enable the reasoner to attain his target. He concludes from this fact that the hypothesis may be conjectured. In allowing conjecture to stand in for the knowledge he fails to have, the abducer reveals himself to be a satisficer, since an abductive solution is not a solution from knowledge. Key to the authors' analysis is the requirement that a conjectured proposition is not just what a reasoner might allow himself to assume, but a proposition he must defeasibly release as a premiss for further inferences in the domain of enquiry in which the original abduction problem has arisen. The coverage of the book is extensive, from the philosophy of science tocomputer science and AI, from diagnostics to the law, from historical explanation to linguistic interpretation. One of the volume's strongest contributions is its exploration of the abductive character of criminal trials, with special attention given to the standard of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Underlying their analysis of abductive reasoning is the authors' conception ofpractical agency. In this approach, practical agency is dominantly a matter of thecomparative modesty of an agent's cognitive agendas, together with comparatively scant resources available for their advancement. Seen in these ways, abduction has a significantly practical character, precisely because it is a form of inference that satisfices rather than maximizes its response to the agent's cognitive target. The Reach of Abduction will be necessary reading for researchers, graduatestudents and senior undergraduates in logic, computer science, AI, belief dynamics, argumentation theory, cognitive psychology and neuroscience, linguistics, forensic science, legal reasoning and related areas. Key features: - Reach of Abduction is fully integrated with a background logic of cognitive systems.- The most extensive coverage compared to competitive works.- Demonstrates not only that abduction is a form of ignorance preservinginference but that it is a mode of inference that is wholly rational.- Demonstrates the satisficing rather than maximizing character ofabduction.- The development of formal models of abduction is considerably more extensive than one finds in existing literature. It is an especially impressive amalgam of sophisticatedconceptual analysis and extensive logical modelling. · Reach of Abduction is fully integrated with a background logic of cognitive systems.· The most extensive coverage compared to competitive works· Demonstrates not only that abduction is a form of ignorance preservinginference but that it is a mode of inference that is wholly rational.· Demonstrates the satisficing rather than maximizing character ofabduction.· The development of formal models of abduction is considerably more extensive than one finds in existing literature. It is an especially impressive amalgam of sophisticatedconceptual analysis and extensive logical modelling.

On Reasoning and Argument

Author : David Hitchcock
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319535625
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis On Reasoning and Argument by : David Hitchcock

Download or read book On Reasoning and Argument written by David Hitchcock and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together in one place David Hitchcock’s most significant published articles on reasoning and argument. In seven new chapters he updates his thinking in the light of subsequent scholarship. Collectively, the papers articulate a distinctive position in the philosophy of argumentation. Among other things, the author:• develops an account of “material consequence” that permits evaluation of inferences without problematic postulation of unstated premises.• updates his recursive definition of argument that accommodates chaining and embedding of arguments and allows any type of illocutionary act to be a conclusion. • advances a general theory of relevance.• provides comprehensive frameworks for evaluating inferences in reasoning by analogy, means-end reasoning, and appeals to considerations or criteria.• argues that none of the forms of arguing ad hominem is a fallacy.• describes proven methods of teaching critical thinking effectively.

Handbook of Abductive Cognition

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031101359
Total Pages : 1921 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Abductive Cognition by : Lorenzo Magnani

Download or read book Handbook of Abductive Cognition written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 1921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook offers the first comprehensive reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of abductive cognition, providing readers with extensive information on the process of reasoning to hypotheses in humans, animals, and in computational machines. It highlights the role of abduction in both theory practice: in generating and testing hypotheses and explanatory functions for various purposes and as an educational device. It merges logical, cognitive, epistemological and philosophical perspectives with more practical needs relating to the application of abduction across various disciplines and practices, such as in diagnosis, creative reasoning, scientific discovery, diagrammatic and ignorance-based cognition, and adversarial strategies. It also discusses the inferential role of models in hypothetical reasoning, abduction and creativity, including the process of development, implementation and manipulation for different scientific and technological purposes. Written by a group of internationally renowned experts in philosophy, logic, general epistemology, mathematics, cognitive, and computer science, as well as life sciences, engineering, architecture, and economics, the Handbook of Abductive Cognition offers a unique reference guide for readers approaching the process of reasoning to hypotheses from different perspectives and for various theoretical and practical purposes. Numerous diagrams, schemes and other visual representations are included to promote a better understanding of the relevant concepts and to make concepts highly accessible to an audience of scholars and students with different scientific backgrounds.

Epistemology, Knowledge and the Impact of Interaction

Author : Juan Redmond
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319265067
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemology, Knowledge and the Impact of Interaction by : Juan Redmond

Download or read book Epistemology, Knowledge and the Impact of Interaction written by Juan Redmond and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this volume of the series Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science edited by S. Rahman et al. a challenging dialogue is being continued. The series’ first volume argued that one way to recover the connections between logic, philosophy of sciences, and sciences is to acknowledge the host of alternative logics which are currently being developed. The present volume focuses on four key themes. First of all, several chapters unpack the connection between knowledge and epistemology with particular focus on the notion of knowledge as resulting from interaction. Secondly, new epistemological perspectives on linguistics, the foundations of mathematics and logic, physics, biology and law are a subject of analysis. Thirdly, several chapters are dedicated to a discussion of Constructive Type Theory and more generally of the proof-theoretical notion of meaning.Finally, the book brings together studies on the epistemic role of abduction and argumentation theory, both linked to non-monotonic approaches to the dynamics of knowledge.

Mistakes of Reason

Author : John Hayden Woods
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 0802038662
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Mistakes of Reason by : John Hayden Woods

Download or read book Mistakes of Reason written by John Hayden Woods and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over a distinguished academic career, the Canadian philosopher and scholar John Woods has written on a rich variety of topics central to contemporary philosophy. These include the history and philosophy of logic, deviant logics, inductive and abductive reasoning, informal reasoning, fallacy theory, the logic of fiction, epistemology, and abortion and euthanasia. Not only has Woods' work been significant in itself, it has also stimulated others working in these fields. Mistakes of Reason is a tribute to Woods and contains twenty-six new essays by leading Canadian and international philosophers. The essays are accompanied by commentaries by Woods himself, creating a unique dialogue between Woods and his colleagues. Editors Kent A. Peacock and Andrew D. Irvine have grouped the works under the themes of Reality, Knowledge, Logic and Language, Reasoning, and Values. The essays evaluate Woods' work and celebrate the generous contribution that he has made to Canada's intellectual development over the past forty years.

Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence

Author : Vincent C. Müller
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319264850
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence by : Vincent C. Müller

Download or read book Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence written by Vincent C. Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a look at the fundamental issues of present and future AI, especially from cognitive science, computer science, neuroscience and philosophy. This work examines the conditions for artificial intelligence, how these relate to the conditions for intelligence in humans and other natural agents, as well as ethical and societal problems that artificial intelligence raises or will raise. The key issues this volume investigates include the relation of AI and cognitive science, ethics of AI and robotics, brain emulation and simulation, hybrid systems and cyborgs, intelligence and intelligence testing, interactive systems, multi-agent systems, and super intelligence. Based on the 2nd conference on “Theory and Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence” held in Oxford, the volume includes prominent researchers within the field from around the world.

Model-Based Reasoning in Science, Technology, and Medicine

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540719865
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Model-Based Reasoning in Science, Technology, and Medicine by : Lorenzo Magnani

Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Science, Technology, and Medicine written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-30 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume is based on papers presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Medicine held in China in 2006. The presentations explore how scientific thinking uses models and explanatory reasoning to produce creative changes in theories and concepts. The contributions to the book are written by researchers active in the area of creative reasoning in science and technology. They include the subject area’s most recent results and achievements.