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Author : Elisabeth Marijn Sipkema
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789036710152
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Cometabolic Degradation of Trichloroethene written by Elisabeth Marijn Sipkema and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard H. Oliver
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book The Cometabolic Degradation of Trichloroethylene Under Aerobic Conditions written by Richard H. Oliver and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stan Eugene Parrott
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (467 download)
Download or read book Investigation of Aerobic Cometabolic Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene Using Phenol as a Primary Substrate written by Stan Eugene Parrott and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. J. K. Nelson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene written by M. J. K. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samples, suspected of having a capability to biologically transform trichloroethylene (TCE), were provided by Tyndall Air Force Base for verification and characterization of activity. Biological transformation of TCE was not observed in these samples. Other soil and water samples, obtained from the Pensacola area, were therefore screened for TCE degradation activity. One sample was found to be responsible for the metabolic activity was isolated. The isolated organism degrades TCE (up to 3.4 micro mole) to less than 0.02 micro mole within 24 hours. TCE degradation occurred only when water from the original site of isolation and 02 were in the medium. The isolate converted TCE into CO2 and unidentified nonvolatile products. Phenol, toluene ortho- and meta-cresol were found to replace the site water requirement for TCE metabolism.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Assessing Aerobic Natural Attenuation of Trichloroethene at Four DOE Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 3-year Department of Energy Environmental Science Management Program (EMSP) project is currently investigating natural attenuation of trichloroethane (TCE) in aerobic groundwater. This presentation summarizes the results of a screening process to identify TCE plumes at DOE facilities that are suitable for assessing the rate of TCE cometabolism under aerobic conditions. In order to estimate aerobic degradation rates, plumes had to meet the following criteria: TCE must be present in aerobic groundwater, a conservative co-contaminant must be present and have approximately the same source as TCE, and the groundwater velocity must be known. A total of 127 TCE plumes were considered across 24 DOE sites. The four sites retained for the assessment were: (1) Brookhaven National Laboratory, OU III; (2) Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Northwest Plume; (3) Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, Industrialized Area--Southwest Plume and 903 Pad South Plume; and (4) Savannah River Site, A/M Area Plume. For each of these sites, a co-contaminant derived from the same source area as TCE was used as a nonbiodegrading tracer. The tracer determined the extent to which concentration decreases in the plume can be accounted for solely by abiotic processes such as dispersion and dilution. Any concentration decreases not accounted for by these processes must be explained by some other natural attenuation mechanism. Thus, ''half-lives'' presented herein are in addition to attenuation that occurs due to hydrologic mechanisms. This ''tracer-corrected method'' has previously been used at the DOE's Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory in conjunction with other techniques to document the occurrence of intrinsic aerobic cometabolism. Application of this method to other DOE sites is the first step to determining whether this might be a significant natural attenuation mechanism on a broader scale. Application of the tracer-corrected method to data from the Brookhaven National Laboratory site using carbon tetrachloride as the conservative tracer under aerobic conditions showed evidence of TCE attenuation with a range of TCE half-lives from 2 to 9.5 years. At Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant's Northwest Plume the assessment was performed using Tc-99 as the conservative tracer. TCE appears to have a half-life of about 7 years in the lower portion of the Northwest Plume regional gravel aquifer. Evidence for TCE attenuation at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site was identified in two plumes. PCE was used as the conservative tracer in both plumes. TCE appears to be attenuating with a half-life of 0.85 years in the Industrialized Area--Southwest Plume, and with a half-life of 2.4 years in the 903 Pad South Plume. At the Savannah River Site, A/M Area, PCE was used as the conservative tracer in five different horizons. In four of the five horizons, TCE appears to be degrading with a half-life between 4 and 12 years, while no degradation could be quantified in the fifth horizon. If aerobic TCE degradation can be confirmed at these sites, this attenuation mechanism might be important much more often than previously thought, and might make MNA feasible where it was previously not considered.
Author : Daniel B. Rittenhouse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (468 download)
Download or read book Effect of Trichloroethylene on the Aerobic Cometabolic Biodegredation of Dover Air Force Base Soil written by Daniel B. Rittenhouse and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Brian Timmins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (539 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Cometabolism of Trichloroethylene and Cis-dichloroethylene in Propane-fed Microcosms from the McClellan Air Force Base written by Brian Timmins and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focused on using microcosms to better understand the aerobic cometabolic processes of TCE and cis-DCE transformation that occurred during a Cometabolic Air Sparging (CAS) demonstration at McClellan Air Force Base. The microcosms were created with groundwater and aquifer materials from the demonstration site. Concentrations of compounds in the microcosms were maintained to mimic conditions where the demonstration was performed. Propane was used as the primary substrate to stimulate indigenous propane-utilizers present in the McClellan subsurface. The microcosms were used to test the potential of the propane-utilizers to transform the CAHs of interest, and determine their nutrient requirements while transforming these compounds. Vadose zone microcosms were also created and used to compare the cometabolic processes and nutrient requirements of the propane-utilizers under these different conditions. After the addition of propane a ten-day lag period was observed before the propane-utilizers were stimulated in all the microcosms. The presence of CAHs and excess nitrogen did not have any effect on the lag period required to stimulate these microorganisms. Microcosms that received nitrogen amendments maintained effective transformation of TCE and c-DCE with successive additions. The rate of c-DCE transformation was observed to be faster than TCE transformation. Complete removal of the CAHs occurred in these microcosms. No other nutrients, such as phosphorous, were observed to cause any nutrient limitations. However, the microcosms that only had limited amounts of nitrogen present were only able to maintain transformation ability for a short time. Propane utilization rates gradually decreased with each addition, and CAH transformation eventually ceased. This was also observed during the CAS field demonstration after successive additions of propane. Ammonia gas was added to the sparge gas in the field and propane utilization and CAH transformation resumed. Ammonia gas was added to the nitrogen-limited microcosms, and like the field demonstration, propane utilization and CAH transformation resumed. Nitrogen was found to be a critical nutrient for effective cometabolism of CAHs. Nitrogen supplied either as ammonia or nitrate was required for the propane-utilizers to maintain effective rates of propane utilization and CAH transformation ability. By comparing different sets of microcosms under different conditions, estimates were made to the amount of nitrogen required by the propane-utilizers with and without CAHs transformed. The transformation of CAHs significantly increased the propane-utilizers requirements for nitrogen. A 2.0-3.8-fold increase in was observed for nitrogen consumption when CAHs were transformed, possibly resulting from toxic effects caused by the transformations. The sparge gas used at the CAS demonstration also contained ethylene at a low concentration (1% vol/vol). The microcosm experiments with this concentration of ethylene were found not to have any negative effects on CAH transformation. The propane-utilizers were also able to maintain propane utilization and CAH transformation at high CAH concentrations. The vadose zone microcosms showed that propane utilization in the vadose zone was an order of magnitude lower than what was observed in the saturated microcosms. Also bioavailable nitrogen was required to maintain propane utilization rates. However, higher CAH concentrations were found to inhibit the stimulation of the propane-utilizers under these conditions.
Author : Kenneth Jay Malachowsky
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (283 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Degradation of Trichloroethylene, Vinyl Chloride, and Aromatic Compounds by Rhodococci Species written by Kenneth Jay Malachowsky and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert J. Steffan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319504322
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids: Biodegradation and Bioremediation written by Robert J. Steffan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book international experts discuss the state-of-the-art in the biological degradation of hydrocarbons to meet remedial or disposal goals. The work focuses on practical applications, often on globally important scales including the remediation of some of the world’s largest crude oil spills. Other related chapters discuss important implications of microbial transformation of hydrocarbons, including treatment of high fat processing wastes, impacts of microbial biodegradation activity on industrial processes, and the implications of microbial oil degradation in relation to modern oil extraction processes like hydraulic fracturing of shales and extraction of oil sands.
Author : Hans F. Stroo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461441153
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book Bioaugmentation for Groundwater Remediation written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a review of the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research, development and demonstrations that have been on the forefront of developing bioaugmentation into a viable remedial technology. This volume provides both a primer on the basic microbial processes involved in bioaugmentation, as well as a thorough summary of the methodology for implementing the technology. This reference volume will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate, and implement bioaugmentation.
Author : Catherine Lui Cheng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Cometabolic Degradation of Trichloroethylene Using Pseudomonas Putida TVA8 written by Catherine Lui Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Liliana Meza
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of an Aerobic Consortium for the Degradation of Trichloroethylene written by Liliana Meza and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Qiong Liao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (25 download)
Download or read book Experiments in Aerobic and Anaerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene written by Qiong Liao and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) from industrial waste has been intensively studied in recent years, Biodegradation has been determined to be an effective treatment for TCE in the environment. Many researchers have studied the biodegradation of TOE and obtained successful results based on the use of specific isolated bacteria. At the NJIT Biotechnology Laboratory, a new method is being developed in which immobilized activated sludge is used to degrade several toxic chemicals in various reactor configurations. The objective of this research is to determine if these methods can be extended to treat TCE. Activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant was acclimated with TCE and then used in aerobic experi ments. Some commonly and effectively used methods from our laboratory, such as membrane, shaker flask, and microassav reactors were studied with activated sludge. In the membrane reactor experiment, microorganisms from activated sludge were immobilized on microporous plastic sheet (MPS) by attachment. TCE solution was pumped through the reactor containing microorganisms attached on MPS sheet and TCE variation was analyzed with GC. Experiments were conducted in batch recirculation flow mode, A series of shaker flask experiments were constructed to check the result of preinduction for activated sludge with some inducers. The activity of activated sludge was studied by examining the oxygen uptake in a microassay reactor. This reactor has been a valuable tool in the enzyme kinetic studies due to its reproducibility and accuracy of the data acquired. Anaerobic sludge was also used in this study, and taken from a secondary treatment plant. It was digested in an anaerobic digester with a specific nutrient medium and then incubated in an incubator at 37°C for anaerobic treatment. In shaker flask experiments, TCE was degraded by NJIT activated and preinduced sludge with inducers. Biodegradation rates were found to be 0.36, 0.49, 0.44, 0.32 nmol/min per mg of dry biomass with sodium acetate, phenol, toluene, and sodium benzoate, respectively. They are greater than the rates for bacterial strains 46-1, G4, and Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 reported in the literature. However, the results of the membrane reactor, the microassay reactor, and the anaerobic experiments indicate that TCE biodegradation rates are far lower than typical biodegradation rate, which is 2.4 nmol/min per mg of dry biomass, for phenol, chlorophenol, and other substrates in NJIT Biodegradation System.
Download or read book Final Project Report - Coupled Biogeochemical Process Evaluation for Conceptualizing Trichloriethylene Co-Metabolism written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trichloroethene (TCE) (also known as trichloroethylene) is a common contaminant in groundwater. TCE is regulated in drinking water at a concentration of 5 æg/L, and a small mass of TCE has the potential to contaminant large volumes of water. The physical and chemical characteristics of TCE allow it to migrate quickly in most subsurface environments, and thus large plumes of contaminated groundwater can form from a single release. The migration and persistence of TCE in groundwater can be limited by biodegradation. TCE can be biodegraded via different processes under either anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Anaerobic biodegradation is widely recognized, but aerobic degradation is less well recognized. Under aerobic conditions, TCE can be oxidized to non hazardous conditions via cometabolic pathways. This study applied enzyme activity probes to demonstrate that cometabolic degradation of TCE occurs in aerobic groundwater at several locations, used laboratory microcosm studies to determine aerobic degradation rates, and extrapolated lab-measured rates to in situ rates based on concentrations of microorganisms with active enzymes involved in cometabolic TCE degradation. Microcosms were constructed using basalt chips that were inoculated with microorganisms to groundwater at the Idaho National Laboratory Test Area North TCE plume by filling a set of Flow-Through In Situ Reactors (FTISRs) with chips and placing the FTISRs into the open interval of a well for several months. A parametric study was performed to evaluate predicted degradation rates and concentration trends using a competitive inhibition kinetic model, which accounts for competition for enzyme active sites by both a growth substrate and a cometabolic substrate. The competitive inhibition kinetic expression was programmed for use in the RT3D reactive transport package. Simulations of TCE plume evolution using both competitive inhibition kinetics and first order decay were performed.
Author : Sachiyo Iwashita
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (574 download)
Download or read book Enhancing Aerobic Biological Degradation of Trichloroethylene and Metal Lubricants written by Sachiyo Iwashita and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bhargavi Maremanda
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (596 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Cometabolism of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,1-dichloroethene by a Bioaugmented Butane-utilizing Culture in a Continuous Flow Column written by Bhargavi Maremanda and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Madelyn M. Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Cometabolic Degradation of Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Aerobic Microorganisms Naturally Associated with Wetland Plant Roots written by Madelyn M. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetland systems provide both anaerobic (reducing) and aerobic (oxidizing) zones for the biodegradation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAH). In particular, wetland plant roots provide micro-oxidizing environments for methanotrophic bacteria from the presence of methane, which is produced in anaerobic zones, and oxygen, which is brought to the subsurface by roots of wetland plants; this shows the potential for cometabolic degradation of common organic pollutants. This study explored the natural attenuation of CAHs by methanotrophic bacteria naturally associated with roots of the common wetland plant, Carex comosa. Root microcosms were amended with varying concentrations of methane; trichloroethene; cis 1,2-dichloroethene; 1,2-dichloroethane; or dichloromethane. Transformation Yield (Ty) increased with increasing CAH concentration. Ty and pseudo first-order degradation rate constants were often at least one order of magnitude lower than published values. A suite of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (HAH) were studied in bench scale root microcosms for their potential to be cometabolically degraded by methanotrophic bacteria naturally associated with the roots of Carex comosa. Among the HAHs investigated, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,3-dichloropropene did not cometabolically degrade in the aerobic microcosm systems. However, four trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform) as well as 1,1-dichloroethene; 1,2-dichloroethane, and 1,2-dibromoethane were found to cometabolically degrade in the systems. Ty as well as pseudo first-order degradation rate constants normalized to biomass (k1-CAH) were calculated for compounds that did degrade. Past studies have explored the possibility of plant-microbe interactions for the bioremediation of harmful pollutants in soil. In this study, numerous chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons were examined for their potential to cometabolically degrade by aerobic bacteria naturally associated with Carex comosa. The bacteria present along with the roots were able to degrade trichloroethene and cis 1,2-dichloroethene as well as low amounts of 1,1-dichloroethene; trans 1,2-dichloroethene; and 1,2-dichloroethane without the need for added growth substrate or an incubation period. Carbon tetrachloride and chloroform did not degrade in the systems. Ty was determined for compounds that did degrade but were often one to two orders of magnitude lower than published values. The growth substrate naturally present in the microcosm systems was unclear. Immediate degradation of chlorinated ethenes and removal of low levels of other types of CAHs indicates that cometabolic microorganisms are naturally present in and around the roots of wetland plants-even if the wetland system has not been previously exposed to chemical pollutants. Results of this study help to fill in key data for cometabolism of emerging pollutants by methanotrophic bacteria naturally associated with wetland plant roots. Results provide support for the use of wetland systems as means of natural attenuation of contaminated groundwater and provide more realistic degradation rate constants for natural attenuation.
