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Adverse Maternal And Neonatal Delivery Outcomes Associated With Non Indicated Labor Induction At 39 Weeks Gestation
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Book Synopsis Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Delivery Outcomes Associated with Non-indicated Labor Induction at 39 Weeks Gestation by : Noa A. Kay
Download or read book Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Delivery Outcomes Associated with Non-indicated Labor Induction at 39 Weeks Gestation written by Noa A. Kay and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309669820 Total Pages :369 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Birth Settings in America by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Birth Settings in America written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.
Book Synopsis WHO recommendations on induction of labour, at or beyond term by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO recommendations on induction of labour, at or beyond term written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The updated recommendations in this document on the timing of induction of labour supersede the previous WHO recommendations on this topic, in the 2018 publication WHO recommendations: induction of labour at or beyond term.
Book Synopsis Preterm Birth by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preterm Birth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-23 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) by : Robert Black
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Book Synopsis Optimal Care in Childbirth by : Henci Goer
Download or read book Optimal Care in Childbirth written by Henci Goer and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meticulously documented, Optimal Care in Childbirth pulls back the curtain on medical-model management of childbirth. Written for those who want to practice according to the best evidence, assist women in making informed decisions, or advocate for maternity care reforms, it provides an in-depth analysis of the evidence basis for physiologic care.
Book Synopsis WHO Recommendations on Intrapartum Care for a Positive Childbirth Experience by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Recommendations on Intrapartum Care for a Positive Childbirth Experience written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date comprehensive and consolidated guideline on essential intrapartum care brings together new and existing WHO recommendations that when delivered as a package will ensure good-quality and evidence-based care irrespective of the setting or level of health care. The recommendations presented in this guideline are neither country nor region specific and acknowledge the variations that exist globally as to the level of available health services within and between countries. The guideline highlights the importance of woman-centred care to optimize the experience of labour and childbirth for women and their babies through a holistic human rights-based approach. It introduces a global model of intrapartum care which takes into account the complexity and diverse nature of prevailing models of care and contemporary practice. The recommendations in this guideline are intended to inform the development of relevant national- and local-level health policies and clinical protocols. Therefore the target audience includes national and local public health policy-makers implementers and managers of maternal and child health programmes health care facility managers nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) professional societies involved in the planning and management of maternal and child health services health care professionals (including nurses midwives general medical practitioners and obstetricians) and academic staff involved in training health care professionals.
Download or read book Cesarean Delivery written by Yvonne Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, nearly 1 in 3 women giving birth will undergo cesarean delivery. This is far from the 1970s when only about 1 in 20 women have cesareans. Higher frequencies of cesarean deliveries, however, do not necessarily correspond with improved perinatal outcomes. In fact, neonatal outcomes have not improved in the past decades. It is well documented that cesarean delivery is associated with increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. Further, cesarean delivery can have a negative impact on perinatal outcomes of subsequent pregnancies, with higher risk of stillbirth and uterine rupture. Increasing number of repeat cesarean deliveries also correlates with increasing maternal morbidity. Data suggest that current cesarean delivery in the U.S. could be safely lowered without increasing infant mortality. Although numerous strategies have been suggested and tried to reduce cesarean delivery, it continues to rise at a rate disproportional to the changing maternal characteristics that may be partly responsible for the increase. The goal of this research is to identify potentially modifiable physician practice factors and patient characteristics that are associated with the increased risk of cesarean delivery. Identification of these risk factors is needed to develop strategies to curtail the current upward trend in use of cesarean delivery. As a first step to address this long term goal, this dissertation several analyses to investigated obstetric characteristics and practice patterns associated with cesarean delivery in United States based on existing datasets. Additionally, I conducted a survey study and collected clinician-level data to investigate obstetric providers' potential influence on the decision to recommend cesarean delivery. The Background chapter presents a brief history of cesarean delivery and reviews common indications of cesarean delivery. Cesarean delivery is often considered to impose some risks to the parturient, with the tradeoff of potentially conveying benefit to the fetus. Thus, this chapter also reviews maternal and neonatal morbidity associated with cesarean delivery, as well as potential health economic impact. First, to explore if pregnancy intervention, particularly, induction of labor, is associated with increased risk of cesarean delivery in the U.S., I used marginal structural models (MSM) to examine this research aim. In this analysis, the relation between induction of labor at a specific gestational age (e.g., 39 weeks) was compared to expectant management (delivery at a later gestational age, i.e., 40, 41 or 42 weeks, by either entering spontaneous labor or subsequently induction of labor for various medical/obstetric indications) and associated maternal/neonatal outcomes. This analytic approach is in contrast to traditional multivariable regression approaches that are pervasive in the obstetric literature. As multivariable regression analyses estimate the effect of association conditional on confounding covariates, it does not address specifically the risk of outcome for each subject under both exposed and unexposed conditions. Based on the concept of counterfactuals, MSM compares outcome frequency under different exposure distributions (exposed and non-exposed) in the same sample population and estimates the effect of exposure across the entire population. By applying causal inference framework through the use of MSM, this analysis estimated the population-level, marginal effect of induction on cesarean delivery and other perinatal outcomes that correspond to hypothetical interventions. Based on the MSM analysis, I show that induction of labor was associated with a decreased risk of cesarean delivery compared to expectant management. Next, I examined the association between advanced maternal age and cesarean delivery in the U.S. Delayed childbearing has become increasingly common in the U.S. Increase in maternal age has been associated with higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thus, I used the population intervention models to estimate the population attributable fraction of advanced maternal age (age>35 years at estimated date of delivery) on cesarean delivery. More specifically, population intervention models build upon the causal inference literature to model the difference of an effect between the distribution of a population in an observed environment (the actual study population) and a counterfactual treatment-specific population distribution (the population outcome that would have been observed under "intervention" such that the exposure would be at some target, optimal level). In this analysis, I used the population intervention models to estimate the potential changes in the distribution of cesarean delivery in low-risk population of nulliparous women who gave live births in the U.S. While maternal age cannot be easily "intervened" on, I chose to use population intervention models to gain insights into the potential changes in the distribution of cesarean delivery, focusing on the population prevalence of advanced maternal age as a risk factor. Through this analysis, I observed that advanced maternal age was a risk factor of cesarean delivery. While patient characteristics may influence the decision to undergo cesarean delivery, clinicians may also play an important role. However, few studies have been published regarding this topic. Thus, I conducted a cross-sectional survey study to explore provider characteristics that might be associated with increased likelihood of recommending cesarean delivery. I used multivariable logistic regression analysis fit by maximum likelihood to assess provider factors associated with an increased likelihood of recommending cesarean delivery. Further, I also used the Deletion/Substitution/Addition (DSA) algorithm to independently assess clinician factors associated with an increased likelihood to recommend cesarean. As multivariable logistic regression analysis was based on conditional probability to estimate the effect of the exposure-outcome association, this was in contrast to the DSA algorithm that used polynomial basis functions to identify predictors for the exposure-outcomes of interest based on cross-validation and the L2 loss function. As the current rise in cesarean delivery has profound impact on maternal and child health, there are also social and economic repercussions associated with rise in cesareans that are not yet well understood. This dissertation examined several increasingly common factors, including induction of labor, and advanced maternal age that might be associated with increased risk or increased likelihood of cesarean delivery. This work was achieved through the application of causal inference framework and analytical methods such as marginal structural models and population intervention models and the usage of nationwide birth data. Additionally, provider characteristics and experience information were collected via a cross-sectional survey to explore clinician-level information to identify factors driving the increase in cesarean delivery. These analyses serve as a first step towards the understanding of why cesarean delivery continues to increase in the U.S. and worldwide, but much work remains to be done.
Book Synopsis WHO Recommendations for Augmentation of Labour by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Recommendations for Augmentation of Labour written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2014 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimizing outcomes for women in labor at the global level requires evidence-based guidance of health workers to improve care through appropriate patient selection and use of effective interventions. In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO) published recommendations for induction of labor in 2011. The goal of the present guideline is to consolidate the guidance for effective interventions that are needed to reduce the global burden of prolonged labor and its consequences. The primary target audience includes health professionals responsible for developing national and local health protocols and policies, as well as obstetricians, midwives, nurses, general medical practitioners, managers of maternal and child health programs, and public health policy-makers in all settings.
Book Synopsis WHO Recommendations on Antenatal Care for a Positive Pregnancy Experience by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Recommendations on Antenatal Care for a Positive Pregnancy Experience written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the continuum of reproductive health care, antenatal care provides a platform for important health-care functions, including health promotion, screening and diagnosis, and disease prevention. It has been established that, by implementing timely and appropriate evidence-based practices, antenatal care can save lives. Endorsed by the United Nations Secretary-General, this is a comprehensive WHO guideline on routine antenatal care for pregnant women and adolescent girls. It aims to complement existing WHO guidelines on the management of specific pregnancy-related complications. The guidance captures the complex nature of the antenatal care issues surrounding healthcare practices and delivery, and prioritizes person-centered health and well-being --- not only the prevention of death and morbidity --- in accordance with a human rights-based approach.
Book Synopsis Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth by :
Download or read book Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2003 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emphasis of the manual is on rapid assessment and decision making. The clinical action steps are based on clinical assessment with limited reliance on laboratory or other tests and most are possible in a variety of clinical settings.
Book Synopsis Evidence-based Obstetrics and Gynecology by : Errol R. Norwitz
Download or read book Evidence-based Obstetrics and Gynecology written by Errol R. Norwitz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-26 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive evidence-based guide to both obstetrics and gynecology Aimed at practicing obstetricians, gynecologists, and trainees in the specialty, Evidence-based Obstetrics and Gynecology concentrates on the clinical practice areas of diagnosis, investigation and management. The first section of the book discusses evidence-based medicine methodology in the context of the two specialties. The second and third sections cover all the major conditions in obstetrics and gynecology, with each chapter reviewing the best available evidence for management of the particular condition. The chapters are structured in line with EBM methodology, meaning the cases generate the relevant clinical questions. Evidence-based Obstetrics and Gynecology provides in-depth chapter coverage of abnormal vaginal bleeding; ectopic pregnancy; pelvic pain; lower genital tract infections; contraception and sterilization; breast diseases; urogynecology; endocrinology and infertility; puberty and precocious puberty; cervical dysplasia and HPV; cervical, vaginal, vulvar, uterine, and ovarian cancer; preconception care; prenatal care and diagnosis; drugs and medications in pregnancy; maternal complications; chronic hypertension; diabetes mellitus; thyroid disease; neurologic disease; psychiatric disease; postterm pregnancy; fetal complications; preeclampsia; and more. First book to address evidence-based practice for obstetrics and gynecology combined EBM is a highly relevant approach for this high risk specialty Edited by leading US specialist involved in the evidence-based medicine movement Evidence-Based Obstetrics and Gynecology is an important text for obstetricians and gynecologists in practice and in training, as well as for specialist nurses.
Book Synopsis Maternal and Fetal Factors Associated with Labor and Delivery Complications by : Prasad Laxman Gawade
Download or read book Maternal and Fetal Factors Associated with Labor and Delivery Complications written by Prasad Laxman Gawade and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prolonged second stage of labor, excessive gestational weight gain and cesarean delivery has been associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Physical activity during pregnancy is a modifiable risk factor which has never been studied among Hispanic women. Gestational weight gain, another modifiable risk factor has only been evaluated as a risk factor for cesarean delivery in two studies among women induced for labor. To date, no study has examined the effect of duration of second stage of labor on intra-ventricular hemorrhage in very preterm births. We examined these maternal risk factors for prolonged second stage of labor, rate of cesarean delivery and fetal outcomes. The first study evaluated the association between physical activity and duration of second stage of labor. Prior studies regarding physical activity and duration of second stage of labor have been conflicting and none have examined the Hispanic population. During pregnancy, activities such as household chores, childcare, sports and women's occupation constitute a significant proportion of physical activity but have not been considered in prior studies. We examined the association between total physical activity (occupational, sport/exercise, household/care giving, and active living) during pre, early and mid-pregnancy and duration of second stage of labor in a prospective cohort of 1,231 Hispanic participants. Physical activity was quantified using the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey administered during pregnancy. Using multivariate linear regression we did not find statistically significant association between pre, early and mid-pregnancy physical activity and duration of second stage of labor. The second study focused on the effect of gestational weight gain on the cesarean delivery rate after induction of labor. The rate of induction of labor (IOL) has more than doubled from 9.5% in 1990 to 22.5% in 2006. Cesarean delivery usually follows a failed IOL and is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity. One of the two studies evaluating the effect of gestational weight gain on the rate of cesarean section in patients undergoing IOL was restricted to women with normal Body Mass Index (BMI) and the other was subjected to bias because more than half of the patients were missing BMI data. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of gestational weight gain on the rate of cesarean delivery after labor induction. In a retrospective cohort study design, using data from May 2005 to June 2008 and a multivariate logistic regression we found a 13% increase in risk of cesarean delivery with 5 kg increase in gestational weight gain. Finally, we evaluated the effect of mode of delivery and duration of second stage of labor on intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) among early preterm births. IVH is a serious complication associated with preterm birth and important predictors of cerebral palsy and neurodevelopmental delays. Prior studies on this relationship in early preterm births are sparse. In a retrospective cohort study of newborns born less than 30 weeks or less than 1500 g between May 2003 and August 2008, we found an increase in risk of IVH after vaginal delivery. However, duration of second stage of labor had no significant effect on risk of IVH.
Book Synopsis What Mothers Say by : Sharon Bartholomew
Download or read book What Mothers Say written by Sharon Bartholomew and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy by : Catherine Y. Spong
Download or read book Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy written by Catherine Y. Spong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-02-27 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy The new edition of the long-standing classic text, covering all areas of perinatal medicine Continuing to set the standard for maternal-fetal practice, the seventh edition of Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy provides practical, clinically useful information on the full spectrum of perinatal care. Focused on clinical decision-making, this invaluable reference contains authoritative, evidence-based information on the factors of high-risk pregnancy, biochemical and biophysical monitoring, maternal disease, obstetric complications, patient safety in labor and delivery, and more. With more than 50 concise chapters, this text has been written by leading experts, and contains evidence-based protocols, algorithms, case studies, potential outcome measures, medications, and illustrative case reports to ensure the best possible outcomes for fetal and maternal patients. This text offers clear guidance on the common problems encountered in the day-to-day management of high-risk pregnancies. The seventh edition of Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy includes new and updated chapters with the most current evidence-based information and protocols available on topics such as infectious diseases in pregnancy, vaping, operative vaginal delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancies in women with disabilities, maternal anemia, malaria, and HIV infection. Queenan's Management of High-Risk Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Approach, Seventh Edition, remains an indispensable reference and guide for obstetricians, gynecologists, OB/GYN trainees, midwives, and primary and general practitioners.
Download or read book Birthrate Plus written by Jean A. Ball and published by Books for Midwives. This book was released on 1996-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide to workforce planning in midwifery care incorporates real-life applications of 'Birthrate', a method of analysis developed by Jean Ball. This authoritative text enables midwives to justify their decisions on the best size and mix of the midwifery workforce.
Book Synopsis WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Peripartum Infections by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Peripartum Infections written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the present guideline is to consolidate guidance for effective interventions that are needed to reduce the global burden of maternal infections and its complications around the time of childbirth. This forms part of WHO's efforts towards improving the quality of care for leading causes of maternal death especially those clustered around the time of childbirth in the post-MDG era. Specifically it presents evidence-based recommendations on interventions for preventing and treating genital tract infections during labour childbirth or puerperium with the aim of improving outcomes for both mothers and newborns. The primary audience for this guideline is health professionals who are responsible for developing national and local health protocols and policies as well as managers of maternal and child health programmes and policy-makers in all settings. The guideline will also be useful to those directly providing care to pregnant women including obstetricians midwives nurses and general practitioners. The information in this guideline will be useful for developing job aids and tools for both pre- and inservice training of health workers to enhance their delivery of care to prevent and treat maternal peripartum infections.
