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Adaptation Biology And Medicine Molecular Basis
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Book Synopsis Genetics of Adaptation by : Rodney Mauricio
Download or read book Genetics of Adaptation written by Rodney Mauricio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-20 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.
Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine: Molecular basis by :
Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine: Molecular basis written by and published by Alpha Science International, Limited. This book was released on 1997 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based upon selected papers from invited symposia and poster presentation from the 4th Congress of the International Society for Adaptive Medicine held at Chandigarh during December 9-12, 1995 and the 5th Congress held at Framingham, U.S.A., Sept. 7-10, 1997.
Book Synopsis Genetics and Molecular Biology of Muscle Adaptation by : Neil Spurway
Download or read book Genetics and Molecular Biology of Muscle Adaptation written by Neil Spurway and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. It starts with the origin of life and ends with the mechanisms that make muscles adapt to different forms of training. In between, it considers how evidence has been obtained about the extent of genetic influence on human capacities, how muscles and their fibres are studied for general properties and individual differences, and how molecular biological techniques have been combined with physiological ones to produce the new discipline of molecular exercise physiology. This is the first book on such topics written specifically for modules in exercise and sport science at final year Hons BSc and taught MSc levels.
Book Synopsis Molecular Basis of Specific Mechanism for Bacterial Adaptation by : Marcos López Pérez
Download or read book Molecular Basis of Specific Mechanism for Bacterial Adaptation written by Marcos López Pérez and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the appearance of Darwin's book, "The Origin of Species," adaptation is one of the processes that explains the diversity of species in ecosystems. Adaptive phenomena in the 19th century and until the mid-20th century have been analyzed in macroscopic biological systems, however since the second half of the 20th century and to date the development of disciplines such as Molecular Biology, has allowed us to delve into the mechanisms that regulate cell physiology. The molecular bases that allow explaining the adaptation processes of microorganisms to their environment have special relevance, because through their analysis it is possible to size the complexity of these mechanisms that involve receptors of a protein nature associated with transduction chains that transport the information flow to genomic DNA, and which subsequently involves the emission of a response through the expression of specific genes. From the point of view of the adaptive phenomenon analysis, the approach through the molecular bases makes it possible to understand the enormous diversity of the microbial world. Mainly for two reasons, on the one hand the presence of micro gradients in the bacterial ecological niches that are continuously fluctuating, which forces the microorganisms to a rapid adaptation phenomenon. And on the other hand, horizontal gene transfer phenomena, which allow bacteria the information exchange. These two elements carry great intensity in establishing new relationships. This phenomenon is especially relevant if it is related to a concept that Darwin cites in the Origin of Species, "The tangled riverbank", where it is emphasized that the new interactions establishment is the basic driving force for the new species generation. This mechanism is explained by the positive feedback loop generation, whereby ecosystems with high levels of biological diversity generate new interactions that lead to new species, which in turn tends to make the ecosystem network more complex. This complexity analyzed in its molecular bases allows to generate new research questions that can be applied to other knowledge areas, such as Biotechnology. The analysis of the molecular bases of the microorganisms adequacy, makes it possible to identify and characterize mechanisms that implemented in different pharmaceutical areas and agricultural industry has led to the product generation with high added value, a clear example of this economic development is the enzyme industry and even recombinant protein production. Finally, it is convenient to emphasize the need to incorporate the analysis of the molecular bases of adaptation from the perspective of omics techniques. Techniques that allow the study of processes and mechanisms to be approached from a global perspective. This book summarizes some topics of special relevance referring to adaptive processes of different microorganisms of special relevance both in basic and applied research.
Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine, Volume 6 by : Paulus Wang
Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine, Volume 6 written by Paulus Wang and published by . This book was released on 2011-01-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In broad terms, the present day existence of all forms of life on earth is the result of adaptation by organisms over time to the given environment/circumstance. More recently, it has also been seen that a gradual adaptation to repeat exposures to different stresses such as hypoxia, heat, cold, infections, exercise, etc. increases the resistance of the organisms not only to each of these stresses, but also to other potentially harmful conditions. An understanding of the science behind the process of such an adaptation is the key to future therapies. Several chapters in this book cover new developments in our understanding of the biology of adaptation at the molecular, cellular, organ and whole body level. Some of the chapters also consider translational aspects of such a knowledge. This book will be of great value to experimental biologists as well as clinicians who deal with a wide variety of disease conditions.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adaptation, Stress, and Prophylaxis by : F.Z. Meerson
Download or read book Adaptation, Stress, and Prophylaxis written by F.Z. Meerson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with one of the fundamental problems in the fields of biology and medicine, i. e. , the problem of adaptation of an organism to its environment. Essentially, adaptive responses enable animals and man to perform new tasks imposed by the environment and also to achieve timely avoidance of damage from environmental factors. Such are the roles of the defense response, adaptational reactions to high altitude and maximal loads, immunogenetic responses, etc. The author rightly views adaptive responses of the organism as reactions involving natural prophylaxis of disease, although processes of adaptation can also have detrimental consequences under certain conditions. It is, thus, understandable that problems of adaptation increasingly concern biologists, physiologists, and phy sicians. A number of important points distinguish this treatise from others in the field. Most researchers concerned with individual adaptation of human and animal organisms pay major attention to the dynamics of the gradual development of adaptation, i. e. , to gradual learning of new skills, training for endurance of new loads, or accomodation to high altitude. In the present monograph, abundant original and cited material is devoted to another problem: What is the concrete mechanism by which a nonadapted organism lacking resistance to a given factor is transformed into an adapted and resistant organism? In answering this question, the author concentrates mainly on the molecular basis of the adaptation mechanism.
Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine by : Y Kawai
Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine written by Y Kawai and published by ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the entire evolution of life is an adaptation right from the coming-together of the elements and reaching to human life as we know today, the realization of the adaptation biology as a discipline is relatively recent. Furthermore, subcellular basis of gradual adaptation of body systems in stressful conditions is still a greate mystery of biology. The present book attempts to fill that gap. It is known that such an adaptation not only increases tolerance of the body to that given stress but also to other challenges. A complete knowledge of this cross protection needs to be defined and exp;oited to improve patient care. The book includes chapters describing subcellular adaptations; adaptation to different stresses as well as to lifestyle and environment. Although for an easy reading the information has been grouped under the sub-heading: Current Trends, the book represents a common continuum of adaptations. The therapeutic value of the understanding of the science of adaptation has also been described in several chapters. Examples of cross adaptations are also provided, where repeated exposure to one stinulus may ptentialyy be used in the treatment as well as prophylaxis of different diseases.The present book will be of great interest to all biologists, physiologists, pharmacologists and physicians interested in the application of the biology of adaptation in the improvement of health.
Book Synopsis Basic and Applied Bone Biology by : David B. Burr
Download or read book Basic and Applied Bone Biology written by David B. Burr and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of skeletal biology from the molecular level to the organ level, including cellular control, interaction and response; adaptive responses to various external stimuli; the interaction of the skeletal system with other metabolic processes in the body; and the effect of various disease processes on the skeleton. The book also includes chapters that address how the skeleton can be evaluated through the use of various imaging technologies, biomechanical testing, histomorphometric analysis, and the use of genetically modified animal models. - Presents an in-depth overview of skeletal biology from the molecular to the organ level - Offers "refresher" level content for clinicians or researchers outside their areas of expertise - Boasts editors and many chapter authors from Indiana and Purdue Universities, two of the broadest and deepest programs in skeletal biology in the US; other chapter authors include clinician scientists from pharmaceutical companies that apply the basics of bone biology
Book Synopsis High-School Biology Today and Tomorrow by : National Research Council
Download or read book High-School Biology Today and Tomorrow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology is where many of science's most exciting and relevant advances are taking place. Yet, many students leave school without having learned basic biology principles, and few are excited enough to continue in the sciences. Why is biology education failing? How can reform be accomplished? This book presents information and expert views from curriculum developers, teachers, and others, offering suggestions about major issues in biology education: what should we teach in biology and how should it be taught? How can we measure results? How should teachers be educated and certified? What obstacles are blocking reform?
Book Synopsis Biochemical Adaptation by : Pater W. Hochachka
Download or read book Biochemical Adaptation written by Pater W. Hochachka and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses biochemical adaptation to environments from freezing polar oceans to boiling hot springs, and under hydrostatic pressures up to 1,000 times that at sea level. Originally published in 1984. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Book Synopsis Evolution of Translational Omics by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Evolution of Translational Omics written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.
Book Synopsis Opportunities in Biology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Opportunities in Biology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology has entered an era in which interdisciplinary cooperation is at an all-time high, practical applications follow basic discoveries more quickly than ever before, and new technologiesâ€"recombinant DNA, scanning tunneling microscopes, and moreâ€"are revolutionizing the way science is conducted. The potential for scientific breakthroughs with significant implications for society has never been greater. Opportunities in Biology reports on the state of the new biology, taking a detailed look at the disciplines of biology; examining the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields; and pointing out promising research opportunities. Authored by an expert panel representing a variety of viewpoints, this volume also offers recommendations on how to meet the infrastructure needsâ€"for funding, effective information systems, and other supportâ€"of future biology research. Exploring what has been accomplished and what is on the horizon, Opportunities in Biology is an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in all subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies.
Book Synopsis Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-05-10 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Joshua Lederberg - scientist, Nobel laureate, visionary thinker, and friend of the Forum on Microbial Threats - died on February 2, 2008. It was in his honor that the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop on May 20-21, 2008, to examine Dr. Lederberg's scientific and policy contributions to the marketplace of ideas in the life sciences, medicine, and public policy. The resulting workshop summary, Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation, demonstrates the extent to which conceptual and technological developments have, within a few short years, advanced our collective understanding of the microbiome, microbial genetics, microbial communities, and microbe-host-environment interactions.
Book Synopsis In the Light of Evolution by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine by : A. Hargens
Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine written by A. Hargens and published by Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.. This book was released on 2005-03 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition of adaptive processes in biological systems as a discipline is still in its infancy. It is known that repeat exposure to low level stresses such as heat, cold, microgravity, hypoxia, exercise, etc. increases body-resistance to not only the particular stress but also to other conditions. Such a cross-protection can be utilized in a better patient care. This volume describes most current developments in the understanding of the molecular basis of adaptation as well as its application in biological systems including certain disease conditions in humans. The book is based on the presentations made by internationally known experts assembled in San Diego, USA for the 7th World Congress of the International Society for Adaptive Medicine and will be of great interest to experimental biologists as well as clinicians who deal with a wide variety of clinical conditions.
Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine by : L.M Popescu
Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine written by L.M Popescu and published by ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. This book was released on 2013-10-17 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become amply clear that all live forms on Earth are the products of the constituent genes expressed under the influence of continuously changing natural environment. By the same token, gene expression is known to be modified by our (or by the modern) environment inclusive of factors such as gravity, altitude, temperature, atmospheric pressure and air quality, physical conditioning as well as nutrition and/or lifestyle. Life would not survive without recruiting endogenous adaptive mechanisms responsive to challenging environmnetal factors, Biology of adaptation as well as application of this knowledge has been discussed in both health and disease conditions such as cardiac ischemia and cardiomyopathies, stroke, dementia, Alzheimer's, cancer, metal toxicity, etc. The book will be of great interest to experimental biologists and health professionals dealing with benefits and failures of physiological and pathophysiological adaptations. It will also serve as an important source of information for young scientists, postdocs and students.
