Accountability And International Conflict

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When the Conflict Ends, While Uncertainty Continues

Author : Alessandra La Vaccara
Publisher : Editions Pedone/Hart
ISBN 13 : 9781509931798
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis When the Conflict Ends, While Uncertainty Continues by : Alessandra La Vaccara

Download or read book When the Conflict Ends, While Uncertainty Continues written by Alessandra La Vaccara and published by Editions Pedone/Hart. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most challenging elements during any armed conflict and its aftermath is the need to determine the fate of the missing and to support families dealing with uncertainty. Another layer of complexity is added in cases where a missing person might have been involved in criminal activity. This book examines how international law meets these two distinct, but intertwined, needs. It shows that the duty to account for missing persons is cross-cutting in nature, requiring measures needing implementation before, during, and after armed conflict. At the same time, those measures cannot substitute any required to establish responsibility for IHL/IHRL violations and international crimes. Exploring specific examples, the book examines the role that international law plays in the international community's attempts to articulate humanitarian and accountability-driven efforts when dealing with the missing. By so doing, it suggests how linkages between such efforts can be established, both through legal and policy avenues.

Accountability and International Conflict

Author : Shawn Ling Ramirez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (923 download)

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Book Synopsis Accountability and International Conflict by : Shawn Ling Ramirez

Download or read book Accountability and International Conflict written by Shawn Ling Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I explore the relationship between domestic accountability and international conflict in three essays. First, the current literature focuses on leaders and how domestic accountability affects international crises. Since power sharing institutionalizes accountability for the political elite, and not simply the leader, I develop a model to show how power sharing underlies whether leaders can signal resolve credibly to foreign enemies. My statistical analysis shows two main results: first, power sharing underlies common expectations about democracy and war. Second, regardless of whether a government is a democracy or a dictatorship war propensity turns on the degree to which the power is shared. My second essay asks how accountability affects peace through mediation. I create a formal model to show that when leaders face the threat of accountability, the confidentiality and agenda-setting in mediation--by fostering uncertainty within the domestic public--provide leaders with the diplomatic flexibility to sign for peace and avoid domestic backlash. Further, the model demonstrates how the public can benefit: peace is more likely, and if mediation breaks down, the public is more likely to win in ensuing wars. I draw from field work to illustrate how diplomatic flexibility arose in the longstanding conflict between Ecuador and Peru and allowed for a peaceful and publicly-supported settlement in 1998. I test several implications of my theory statistically to uncover whether domestic accountability and uncertainty generated in mediation affect mediation occurrence, success, and the political fate of leaders. In my third essay, I ask how the ability for a leader to negotiate with enemies in secret affects war. I contrast two models--one of public and one of secret diplomacy--to show the effects of secrecy on leader behavior, negotiated bargains, and the likelihood of war. My results show that surprisingly leaders will always stand firm behind closed doors. However this hawkish stance involves trade-offs for the public: settlements may involve greater concessions, and sometimes, but not always, war is more likely. I develop implications for bilateral crisis bargaining and for the effect of increased transparency on peace and stability in the international system"--Pages v-vi.

Sovereignty as Responsibility

Author : Francis M. Deng
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780815719731
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Sovereignty as Responsibility by : Francis M. Deng

Download or read book Sovereignty as Responsibility written by Francis M. Deng and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors assert that sovereignty can no longer be seen as a protection against interference, but as a charge of responsibility where the state is accountable to both domestic and external constituencies. In internal conflicts in Africa, sovereign states have often failed to take responsibility for their own citizens' welfare and for the humanitarian consequences of conflict, leaving the victims with no assistance. This book shows how that responsibility can be exercised by states over their own population, and by other states in assistance to their fellow sovereigns. Sovereignty as Responsibility presents a framework that should guide both national governments and the international community in discharging their respective responsibilities. Broad principles are developed by examining identity as a potential source of conflict, governance as a matter of managing conflict, and economics as a policy field for deterring conflict. Considering conflict management, political stability, economic development, and social welfare as functions of governance, the authors develop strategies, guidelines, and roles for its responsible exercise. Some African governments, such as South Africa in the 1990s and Ghana since 1980, have demonstrated impressive gains against these standards, while others, such as Rwanda, Somalia, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sudan, have failed. Opportunities for making sovereignty more responsible and improving the management of conflicts are examined at the regional and international levels. The lessons from the mixed successes of regional conflict management actions, such as the West African intervention in Liberia, the East African mediation in Sudan, and international efforts to urge talks to end the conflict in Angola, indicate friends and neighbors outside the state in conflict have important roles to play in increasing sovereign responsibility. Approaching conflict management from the perspective of the responsibilities of sovereignt

The Accountability of Armed Groups under Human Rights Law

Author : Katharine Fortin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192536060
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Accountability of Armed Groups under Human Rights Law by : Katharine Fortin

Download or read book The Accountability of Armed Groups under Human Rights Law written by Katharine Fortin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-11 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today the majority of the armed conflicts around the world are fought between States and armed groups, rather than between States. This changed conflict landscape creates an imperative to clarify the obligations of armed groups under international law. While it is generally accepted that armed groups are bound by international humanitarian law, the question of whether they are also bound by human rights law is controversial. This book brings significant new understanding to the question of whether and when armed groups might be bound by human rights law. Its conclusions will benefit international law academics, legal practitioners, and political scientists and anthropologists working on issues related to rebel governance and civil wars. This book addresses the debate on this topic by employing a theoretical, historical, and comparative analysis that spans international humanitarian law, international criminal law, and international human rights law. Embedding these different perspectives in public international law, this book brings several key points of clarification to the legal framework. Firstly, the book draws upon social science literature on armed conflict to present a new viewpoint on the role that human rights law plays vis-à-vis international humanitarian law in non-international armed conflicts. Secondly, the book sheds light on the circumstances in which armed groups acquire obligations under human rights law. It brings illumination to these topics by combining historical and comparative research on belligerency, insurgency, and international humanitarian law with a theoretical analysis of legal personality under international law. In the final part of the book, the author tests the four most utilised theories of how armed groups are bound by human rights law, examining whether armed groups can be bound by virtue of (i) treaty law (ii) control of territory (iii) international criminal law and (iv) customary international law. In the book's conclusions, the author presents final remarks that are designed to provide concrete guidance on how the issue of armed groups and human rights law can be dealt with more thoroughly in practice.

Sovereignty as Responsibility

Author : Francis M. Deng
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815719736
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Sovereignty as Responsibility by : Francis M. Deng

Download or read book Sovereignty as Responsibility written by Francis M. Deng and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors assert that sovereignty can no longer be seen as a protection against interference, but as a charge of responsibility where the state is accountable to both domestic and external constituencies. In internal conflicts in Africa, sovereign states have often failed to take responsibility for their own citizens' welfare and for the humanitarian consequences of conflict, leaving the victims with no assistance. This book shows how that responsibility can be exercised by states over their own population, and by other states in assistance to their fellow sovereigns. Sovereignty as Responsibility presents a framework that should guide both national governments and the international community in discharging their respective responsibilities. Broad principles are developed by examining identity as a potential source of conflict, governance as a matter of managing conflict, and economics as a policy field for deterring conflict. Considering conflict management, political stability, economic development, and social welfare as functions of governance, the authors develop strategies, guidelines, and roles for its responsible exercise. Some African governments, such as South Africa in the 1990s and Ghana since 1980, have demonstrated impressive gains against these standards, while others, such as Rwanda, Somalia, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sudan, have failed. Opportunities for making sovereignty more responsible and improving the management of conflicts are examined at the regional and international levels. The lessons from the mixed successes of regional conflict management actions, such as the West African intervention in Liberia, the East African mediation in Sudan, and international efforts to urge talks to end the conflict in Angola, indicate friends and neighbors outside the state in conflict have important roles to play in increasing sovereign responsibility. Approaching conflict management from the perspective of the responsibilities of sovereignt

Transitional Justice, Peace and Accountability

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781283103251
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Transitional Justice, Peace and Accountability by :

Download or read book Transitional Justice, Peace and Accountability written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pathways for Peace

Author : United Nations;World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464811865
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathways for Peace by : United Nations;World Bank

Download or read book Pathways for Peace written by United Nations;World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violent conflicts today are complex and increasingly protracted, involving more nonstate groups and regional and international actors. It is estimated that by 2030—the horizon set by the international community for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals—more than half of the world’s poor will be living in countries affected by high levels of violence. Information and communication technology, population movements, and climate change are also creating shared risks that must be managed at both national and international levels. Pathways for Peace is a joint United Nations†“World Bank Group study that originates from the conviction that the international community’s attention must urgently be refocused on prevention. A scaled-up system for preventive action would save between US$5 billion and US$70 billion per year, which could be reinvested in reducing poverty and improving the well-being of populations. The study aims to improve the way in which domestic development processes interact with security, diplomacy, mediation, and other efforts to prevent conflicts from becoming violent. It stresses the importance of grievances related to exclusion—from access to power, natural resources, security and justice, for example—that are at the root of many violent conflicts today. Based on a review of cases in which prevention has been successful, the study makes recommendations for countries facing emerging risks of violent conflict as well as for the international community. Development policies and programs must be a core part of preventive efforts; when risks are high or building up, inclusive solutions through dialogue, adapted macroeconomic policies, institutional reform, and redistributive policies are required. Inclusion is key, and preventive action needs to adopt a more people-centered approach that includes mainstreaming citizen engagement. Enhancing the participation of women and youth in decision making is fundamental to sustaining peace, as well as long-term policies to address the aspirations of women and young people.

Evaluating Transitional Justice

Author : K. Ainley
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 113746822X
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Transitional Justice by : K. Ainley

Download or read book Evaluating Transitional Justice written by K. Ainley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major study examines the successes and failures of the full transitional justice programme in Sierra Leone. It sets out the implications of the Sierra Leonean experience for other post-conflict situations and for the broader project of evaluating transitional justice.

Accountability of International Organizations in Post-conflict Governance Missions

Author : Aleksandar Momirov
Publisher : Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers
ISBN 13 : 9789054545606
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Accountability of International Organizations in Post-conflict Governance Missions by : Aleksandar Momirov

Download or read book Accountability of International Organizations in Post-conflict Governance Missions written by Aleksandar Momirov and published by Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Amnesty Versus Accountability

Author : Angelika Schlunck
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Amnesty Versus Accountability by : Angelika Schlunck

Download or read book Amnesty Versus Accountability written by Angelika Schlunck and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Accountability of Heads of State in Relation to Non-international Armed Conflict with Special Regard to the Conflict in Chechnya

Author : Malcolm Hawkes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Accountability of Heads of State in Relation to Non-international Armed Conflict with Special Regard to the Conflict in Chechnya by : Malcolm Hawkes

Download or read book Accountability of Heads of State in Relation to Non-international Armed Conflict with Special Regard to the Conflict in Chechnya written by Malcolm Hawkes and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Justice, Responsibility and Reconciliation in the Wake of Conflict

Author : Alice MacLachlan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400793521
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (935 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice, Responsibility and Reconciliation in the Wake of Conflict by : Alice MacLachlan

Download or read book Justice, Responsibility and Reconciliation in the Wake of Conflict written by Alice MacLachlan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the moral obligations of participants and bystanders during—and in the wake of –a conflict? How have theoretical understandings of justice, peace and responsibility changed in the face of contemporary realities of war? Drawing on the work of leading scholars in the fields of philosophy, political theory, international law, religious studies and peace studies, the collection significantly advances current literature on war, justice and post-conflict reconciliation. Contributors address some of the most pressing issues of international and civil conflict, including the tension between attributing individual and collective responsibility for the wrongs of war, the trade-offs made between the search for truth and demands for justice, and the conceptual intricacies of coming to understand just what is meant by ‘peace’ and ‘conflict.’ Individual essays also address concrete topics including the international criminal court, reparations, truces, political apologies, truth commissions and criminal trials, with an eye to contemporary examples from conflicts in the Middle East, Africa and North and South America.

Accountability, Investigation And Due Process in International Organizations

Author : Chris De Cooker
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9004147934
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Accountability, Investigation And Due Process in International Organizations by : Chris De Cooker

Download or read book Accountability, Investigation And Due Process in International Organizations written by Chris De Cooker and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work brings together a number of papers written by experts, mostly senior and active international civil servants, but also retired staff, analyzing the measures taken in international organizations in order to obtain greater accountability. Codes of conduct have been introduced, as well as more detailed measures of control. This has also required review of due process and dispute resolution provisions. The main objective of these codes of conduct is to foster appropriate behaviour of staff, but, ideally, these codes should also be instrumental in avoiding disputes, since staff knew more clearly what is expected of them. This book is a reflection of exchanges of views and information between administrative lawyers and, to some extent, investigators/prosecutors to ensure that the organizations become more transparent, corruption free and respective of the highest standards. Accountability and transparency have now become the rule, and increasingly also the practice. Much is still to be done, however. Discussions are ongoing in many organizations. This work's purpose is also to contribute to these discussions. In addition to the analytic and frank contributions, this work contains various documents of international organizations, reflecting the codes of conduct and charters of values now in place.

International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171733
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War by : National Research Council

Download or read book International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-07 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War has changed the shape of organized violence in the world and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. Even the concept of international conflict is broadening to include ethnic conflicts and other kinds of violence within national borders that may affect international peace and security. What is not yet clear is whether or how these changes alter the way actors on the world scene should deal with conflict: Do the old methods still work? Are there new tools that could work better? How do old and new methods relate to each other? International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War critically examines evidence on the effectiveness of a dozen approaches to managing or resolving conflict in the world to develop insights for conflict resolution practitioners. It considers recent applications of familiar conflict management strategies, such as the use of threats of force, economic sanctions, and negotiation. It presents the first systematic assessments of the usefulness of some less familiar approaches to conflict resolution, including truth commissions, "engineered" electoral systems, autonomy arrangements, and regional organizations. It also opens up analysis of emerging issues, such as the dilemmas facing humanitarian organizations in complex emergencies. This book offers numerous practical insights and raises key questions for research on conflict resolution in a transforming world system.

The Human Rights Accountability Mechanisms of International Organizations

Author : Stian Øby Johansen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108495672
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Rights Accountability Mechanisms of International Organizations by : Stian Øby Johansen

Download or read book The Human Rights Accountability Mechanisms of International Organizations written by Stian Øby Johansen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishes a framework for analyzing and assessing the accountability mechanisms of international organizations, and applies it to three case studies.

Conflict without Casualties

Author : Nate Regier
Publisher : Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1523082623
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict without Casualties by : Nate Regier

Download or read book Conflict without Casualties written by Nate Regier and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When leaders learn how to manage the emotions and drama in their organizations, conflict can be made healthier. Nate Regier uses the Drama Triangle Model and the Compassion Cycle to show leaders how to exercise compassion, not passion, and turn the negative energy of conflict into a positive energy for increased productivity and growth. Conflict without Casualties fills a gap by showing leaders at any level how to leverage positive conflict. Practical, insightful, challenging, relevant. -Dan Pink, New York Times bestselling author Most organizations are terrified of conflict in the workplace, seeing it as a sign of trouble. But Nate Regier says conflict is really just a kind of energy and can be used in positive or negative ways. Handled incorrectly, conflict becomes drama, which is costly to companies, teams, and relationships at all levels. Avoiding, managing, or reducing conflict is a limited alternative. Instead, Regier explores the interpersonal dynamics that perpetuate drama in organizations through a concept called the Drama Triangle and offers an alternative: the Compassion Cycle. The Compassion Cycle allows leaders to balance compassion and accountability, transforming conflict into a growth experience that enables organizations to achieve significant gains in energy, productivity, engagement, and satisfaction in relationships. Provocative and illuminating, the concepts Regier shares will turn conflict from an experience to be avoided into a partner for positive change.

Research Handbook on International Conflict and Security Law

Author : Nigel D. White
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849808570
Total Pages : 699 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Handbook on International Conflict and Security Law by : Nigel D. White

Download or read book Research Handbook on International Conflict and Security Law written by Nigel D. White and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÔFeaturing some of the fieldÕs most expert thinkers, this is an adroitly constructed volume of essays in Òconflict and security lawÓ. The writing here offers a distillation of the major legal projects in the area while dissolving some of international lawÕs most rigid demarcations (e.g. between war and peace, or the jus ad bellum and jus in bello).Õ Ð Gerry Simpson, University of Melbourne, Australia ÔA most important and timely collection of essays that places the established international rules in their modern and challenging of context.Õ Ð Philippe Sands QC, University College London, UK ÔEvents of the past fifteen years have sharpened the focus on well-known issues in international conflict and security law. What responses to international terrorism are permissible? Can humanitarian intervention be justified under international law? The Research Handbook on International Conflict and Security Law addresses these and other debates across the areas of conflict prevention, use of force and post-conflict reconstruction, with the critical insight for which the contributors are known.Õ Ð James Crawford, University of Cambridge, UK This innovative Research Handbook brings together leading international law scholars from around the world to discuss and highlight the contemporary debate regarding issues of conflict prevention and the legality of resorting to the use of armed force through to those arising during an armed conflict and in the phase between conflict and peace. The Handbook covers key conceptual topics drawn from across the three areas of jus ad bellum, jus in bello and jus post bellum. The subject matter of the included chapters range from conflict prevention through to reparation and compensation, via coverage of issues such as disarmament, the role of the Security Council, self-defence, humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect, targets, war crimes, private military contractors, peacekeeping, and the protection of human rights. Being the first to examine topics under these areas in one volume, the book will be of interest to scholars, academics, postgraduate and research students as well as government lawyers from various disciplinary backgrounds looking for a contemporary grounding in issues under the broad theme of international conflict and security law.