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Access To Resources And Markets For Sustainable And Inclusive Value Chains
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Book Synopsis Developing Sustainable Food Value Chains by : David Neven
Download or read book Developing Sustainable Food Value Chains written by David Neven and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using sustainable food value chain development (SFVCD) approaches to reduce poverty presents both great opportunities and daunting challenges. SFVCD requires a systems approach to identifying root problems, innovative thinking to find effective solutions and broad-based partnerships to implement programmes that have an impact at scale. In practice, however, a misunderstanding of its fundamental nature can easily result in value-chain projects having limited or non-sustainable impact. Furthermore, development practitioners around the world are learning valuable lessons from both failures and successes, but many of these are not well disseminated. This new set of handbooks aims to address these gaps by providing practical guidance on SFVCD to a target audience of policy-makers, project designers and field practitioners. This first handbook provides a solid conceptual foundation on which to build the subsequent handbooks. It (1) clearly defines the concept of a sustainable food value chain; (2) presents and discusses a development paradigm that integrates the multidimensional concepts of sustainability and value added; (3) presents, discusses and illustrates ten principles that underlie SFVCD; and (4) discusses the potential and limitations of using the value-chain concept in food-systems development. By doing so, the handbook makes a strong case for placing SFVCD at the heart of any strategy aimed at reducing poverty and hunger in the long run.
Book Synopsis Access to Resources and Markets for Sustainable and Inclusive Value Chains by : Marcelo Inácio da Cunha
Download or read book Access to Resources and Markets for Sustainable and Inclusive Value Chains written by Marcelo Inácio da Cunha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inclusive Value Chains by : Malcolm Harper
Download or read book Inclusive Value Chains written by Malcolm Harper and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ch. 1. Poverty in India and value chains -- ch. 2. Retail winners and losers - the impact of organised retailing -- ch. 3. Inclusive value chains in fresh fruit and vegetables. Case study 1 : Namdhari Fresh Limited / BN Dhananjaya and A. Umesh Rao. Case study 2 : ITC Choupal Fresh / Rewa Shankar Misra. Case study 3 : INFAM in Wayanad, Kerala / Jacob D. Vakkayil. Case study 4 : Spencer's Retail / Sukhpal Singh -- ch. 4. Inclusive value chains in commodity crops. Case study 5 : Contract farming of potatoes : an attempt to include poor farmers in the value chain / Braja S. Mishra. Case study 6 : Basmati Rice and Kohinoor Foods Limited / Anup Kumar Singh. Case study 7 : Agrocel Industries / Anamika Purohit. Case study 8 : bioRe Organic Cotton / Rajeev Baruah -- ch. 5. Inclusive value chains in fisheries, honey, coffee and poultry. Case study 9 : Falcon Marine Exports / Rajeev Roy. Case study 10 : Honey in Muzaffarpur / Ashok Kumar. Case study 11 : Fairtrade and organic coffee / Priti Rao. Case study 12 : Small-holder broiler farming in Kesla / Anish Kumar -- ch. 6. Inclusive value chains in non-food artisan products. Case study 13 : ITC Limited and the Agarbatti Industry / Nagendra Nath Sharma. Case study 14 : Operation Mojari / Vipin Sharma and Mallika Ahluwalia -- ch. 7. What do the case studies tell us? Lessons for the future.
Book Synopsis Innovation for inclusive value-chain development by : Devaux, André
Download or read book Innovation for inclusive value-chain development written by Devaux, André and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-10-21 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments, nongovernmental organizations, donors, and the private sector have increasingly embraced value-chain development (VCD) for stimulating economic growth and combating rural poverty. Innovation for Inclusive Value-Chain Development: Successes and Challenges helps to fill the current gap in systematic knowledge about how well VCD has performed, related trade-offs or undesired effects, and which combinations of VCD elements are most likely to reduce poverty and deliver on overall development goals. This book uses case studies to examine a range of VCD experiences. Approaching the subject from various angles, it looks at new linkages to markets and the role of farmer organizations and contract farming in raising productivity and access to markets, the minimum assets requirement to participate in VCD, the role of multi-stakeholder platforms in VCD, and how to measure and identify successful VCD interventions. The book also explores the challenges livestock-dependent people face; how urbanization and advancing technologies affect linkages; ways to increase gender inclusion and economic growth; and the different roles various types of platforms play in VCD.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Food Supply Chains by : Riccardo Accorsi
Download or read book Sustainable Food Supply Chains written by Riccardo Accorsi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Food Supply Chains: Planning, Design, and Control through Interdisciplinary Methodologies provides integrated and practicable solutions that aid planners and entrepreneurs in the design and optimization of food production-distribution systems and operations and drives change toward sustainable food ecosystems. With synthesized coverage of the academic literature, this book integrates the quantitative models and tools that address each step of food supply chain operations to provide readers with easy access to support-decision quantitative and practicable methods. Broken into three parts, the book begins with an introduction and problem statement. The second part presents quantitative models and tools as an integrated framework for the food supply chain system and operations design. The book concludes with the presentation of case studies and applications focused on specific food chains. Sustainable Food Supply Chains: Planning, Design, and Control through Interdisciplinary Methodologies will be an indispensable resource for food scientists, practitioners and graduate students studying food systems and other related disciplines. Contains quantitative models and tools that address the interconnected areas of the food supply chain Synthesizes academic literature related to sustainable food supply chains Deals with interdisciplinary fields of research (Industrial Systems Engineering, Food Science, Packaging Science, Decision Science, Logistics and Facility Management, Supply Chain Management, Agriculture and Land-use Planning) that dominate food supply chain systems and operations Includes case studies and applications
Book Synopsis Value Chains, Social Inclusion and Economic Development by : A.H.J. (Bert) Helmsing
Download or read book Value Chains, Social Inclusion and Economic Development written by A.H.J. (Bert) Helmsing and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead firms, development organisations, donors and governments view value chains and voluntary standards as vital instruments for achieving millennium development goals through trade and market-related interventions. The precise foundations for these development strategies, which suggest positive development outcomes from integration of poor actors into value chains, are as yet underdeveloped. The interdisciplinary work in this volume shows how trade is managed and asks theory-driven questions about how value chains relate to locally-rooted development processes. Policy makers and development practitioners are increasingly using value chain analysis to frame pro-poor development interventions. This book offers multiple conceptualizations of development outcomes of inclusion of small producers, firms and workers in value chains. Processes of inclusion at different scales are unpacked in order to identify the terms of participation of small producers, firms and workers. As value chains are embedded, the book further argues that inclusion can be conceptualized as the degree of alignment between value chain logics and the institutions and capacities in the local business system. The combination of inclusive governance and endogenous development informs a grounded debate on roles of development-oriented partnerships. Chapters in this volume draw on multiple strands of economics, sociology, political science, geography and management studies; and for empirical grounding engage in comparative analysis of cases from Latin America, SubSaharan Africa and East and South East Asia. These are combined with processes taking place at a global level, such as the proliferation of standards and the growth of roundtables and multi-stakeholder partnerships. The contributions explore contrasts – between contexts, between industries or commodities/products, and between conceptual frameworks; and the context dependency of development impact necessitates cross-case investigations. This collection will be of interest to scholars in development studies, economics, business studies, as well as to development policy makers.
Book Synopsis Contract Farming for Inclusive Market Access by : Carlos A. Da Silva
Download or read book Contract Farming for Inclusive Market Access written by Carlos A. Da Silva and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to typify the extent to which contract farming is helping small farmers to access markets and meet increasingly stringent requirements, not only of "modern" food manufacturers, retailers, exporters and food service firms,by also in non-food sectors such as biofuels and forestry. It also seeks to clarify differences in the functionality of contracts depending on commodity, market, technology, public policies and country circumstances. Conceptual issues are discussed and a series of case study appraisals based on real world examples from developing regions are presented. The issuesraised by the case study authors and the key messages synthesized in the initial book chapter bring new insights and contributions to further enrich knowledge on contract farming as a tool for inclusive market access in development countries.
Book Synopsis Global Value Chains by : Meine Pieter van Dijk
Download or read book Global Value Chains written by Meine Pieter van Dijk and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mondiale waardeketens zijn het complexe netwerk van activiteiten tussen lokale producent en eindgebruiker. "Global value chains" schetst de invloed van deze waardeketens op lokaal, nationaal en internationaal niveau. Het boek geeft eerst een theoretisch en wetenschappelijk kader. Vervolgens krijgt de lezer een compleet beeld van de betekenis van mondiale waardeketens aan de hand van diverse casestudies, zoals de bierbrouwindustrie in Ghana, de Namibische bio-industrie, de industrie van halfgeleiders in China en Maleisië en het toerisme in Tanzania.
Book Synopsis Innovations for inclusive and sustainable growth of domestic food value chains: Fruits and vegetables value chains in Nigeria scoping report by : Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Download or read book Innovations for inclusive and sustainable growth of domestic food value chains: Fruits and vegetables value chains in Nigeria scoping report written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-11-14 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fruits & vegetable value chains (F&V VC) in Nigeria hold significant potential to continue toward sustainable, inclusive food system transformation. Domestic food system growth, including that of F&V, remains crucial in achieving a healthy food environment and serving as a source of various micronutrients. There is a need for bundles of innovations to address multiple challenges along F&V VC in Nigeria, characterized by a set of challenges that are unique to developing countries and F&V. V&F VC consists of many small actors, farmers, and traders, whereby limited vertical coordination can lead to significant efficiency loss along the value chain. Seasonal and temporal variations in supply-demand gaps for F&V commodities are substantial, and considerable scope exists for reducing losses and enhancing the overall efficiency of the domestic F&V sector. Policy environments are also favorable for such efforts, as the latest Agricultural Policy documents highlight the Nigerian government’s interest in modernizing F&V VC. Given the significant involvement of women and youths in the sector, F&V VC development has substantial potential to contribute to Nigeria's inclusive development of agrifood systems. The current domestic F&V VC in Nigeria suffers from various sets of problems. Access to quality seeds is limited due to the significant use of recycled seeds, limited supply, and high costs of certified seeds. Cooling practices are inefficient due to insufficient access to the grid and off-grid electricity, limited knowledge of intermediate cooling methods applicable at the farm gate, and constraining quality preservations at farm gate storage, during transportation, and storage at market premises. Processing is insufficient due to the high costs of processing equipment and limited knowledge of the construction and operation of simpler, less resource-dependent processing facilities, including drying of F&V commodities. Inappropriate packing, such as the use of Rafia baskets instead of Reusable Plastic Crates, which are commonly recognized, is still prevalent, potentially due to limited market coordination. Based on the stakeholder consultations, desk reviews, validation workshops, and availability of external resources, we identified the following as critical interventions to pilot various innovation bundles. Intervention #1 provides improved varieties and quality seeds, combined with agronomy training and certification, in northern Nigeria through the collaboration with East West Seeds and Wageningen University & Research. Intervention #2 provides off-grid cooling and cool transportation, including forced-air evaporative cooling units at farm clusters and the combination of small and large refrigerated trucks for local and longer-distance transportation, through the collaboration with ColdHubs and MIT-Lab. Intervention #3 introduces improved solar dryers and provides training on appropriate, hygienic processing methods, building, and utilization of these driers (possibly combined with the introduction of a business model), through the collaboration with World Vegetable Center and Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute. Intervention #4 provides plastic crates using various rental arrangements and improves market access for farmers through collaboration with private companies, including Bunkasa. Intervention #5 supplements interventions #1, #2, and #3 and provides improved information through certification and labeling. Lastly, Intervention #6 strengthens linkages between existing solar powered cold storages to supplement other interventions.
Book Synopsis The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains by : Asian Development Bank
Download or read book The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major changes have been occurring almost unnoticed in staple value chains in Asia. The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains documents and explains the transformation of value chains moving rice and potatoes between the farm gate and the consumer in Bangladesh, the People’s Republic of China, and India. The changes noted are the rapid rise of supermarkets, modern cold storage facilities, large rice mills, and commercialized small farmers using input-intensive, mechanized technologies. These changes affect food security in ways that are highly relevant for policymakers across Asia—the rise of supermarkets provides cheaper staples, more direct relations in the chains combined with branding have increased traceability, and the rise of cold storage has brought higher incomes for potato farmers and all-season access for potato consumers. The book also joins two debates that have long been separate and parallel—food industry and agribusiness development and market competitiveness—with the food security and poverty alleviation agend
Book Synopsis Advancing Responsible Sourcing in Mineral Value Chains by : Masuma Farooki
Download or read book Advancing Responsible Sourcing in Mineral Value Chains written by Masuma Farooki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the responsible sourcing of raw materials within global value chains. With the need for a vast amount of additional raw materials to enable the global green energy transition, it examines the current responsible sourcing landscape, with the aim of bringing clarify and harmony to theories and practices that are characterized by systemic fragmentation. Normative elements are introduced to create a framework for a functioning responsible sourcing system built around the behavioural change of supply chain actors. Drawing from state of the art conceptual ideas and practical experience, an impactful and economically viable approach to the responsible sourcing of raw material is presented. This book sets out a vision of global value chains based on environmental, societal, and economic sustainability. It will be relevant to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners interested in resource economics and sustainable value chains. This is an open access book. Masuma Farooki is Consulting Director at MineHutte. Alexander Graf is Senior Project Manager and Research Fellow at Vienna University of Economics and Business. Stefanie Degreif is Deputy Head of Resources and Transport at the Oeko Institute.
Author :CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) Publisher :Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN 13 : Total Pages :12 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Inclusive and efficient value chains: Highlights, lessons learned, and priorities for one CGIAR by : CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)
Download or read book Inclusive and efficient value chains: Highlights, lessons learned, and priorities for one CGIAR written by CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) Phase 2 in 2017, and later during the priority-setting round in 2019, each of the PIM research areas (‘flagships’) formulated key research questions they aimed to answer and identified theories of change and pathways to achieve impact. In this series, we share highlights of what we have learned and achieved and suggest areas to be explored in the future.
Book Synopsis Global Value Chains, Flexibility and Sustainability by : Julia Connell
Download or read book Global Value Chains, Flexibility and Sustainability written by Julia Connell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a conceptual framework of global value chains, flexibility and sustainability, supported by research projects, case applications and models in various related areas organized into three parts. In the first part of the book, various authors discuss how to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of global value chains through various types of analyses. While the focus is on cluster management, and mergers and joint ventures, the legal aspects of control and liability concerning the integration of value chains, is also examined in one of the contributions. The second part includes chapters concerning ‘Strategy and Flexibility’. Strategies concern topics such as inventory management, talent management, strategic alignment, decision making, behavioural change and HR systems. The third and final part of the volume concerns the topic of ‘Sustainability’, wherein the contributions focus on various initiatives intended to promote sustainability across respective value chains bearing in mind the concept of flexibility. The book is a valuable resource for a varied audience, ranging from management students and researchers, to practicing business managers, as well as for professional institutions, consultants, and corporate organizations.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251317275 Total Pages :158 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Developing sustainable value chains for small-scale livestock producers by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Developing sustainable value chains for small-scale livestock producers written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication constitutes a practical development tool, which implements the sustainable food value chain framework with a focus on small-scale livestock producers, targeting an audience of project design teams and policymakers. Small-scale livestock producers are important actors in food production, human health and management of landscapes and animal genetic resources. However, they face a number of challenges, which hamper their productivity, access to market, and competitiveness vis-à-vis their larger counterparts. By integrating the concepts of value addition and the three dimensions of sustainability, the sustainable food value chain framework not only addresses questions concerning the competitiveness, inclusion and empowerment of small-scale producers, but also incorporates the cross-cutting issues that are increasingly embedded in development projects. These guidelines take the user through the different steps of value chain development, highlighting the particularities of the smallholder livestock sector, such as multi-functionality, specific production cycles or food safety issues, through concrete examples.
Book Synopsis Inclusive Global Value Chains by : Ana Paula Cusolito
Download or read book Inclusive Global Value Chains written by Ana Paula Cusolito and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report's focus is making global value chains (GVCs) more inclusive. To achieve inclusiveness is by overcoming participation constraints for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and facilitation access for Low Income Developing Countries (LIDCs). The underlying assumption is that most firms in LIDCs are SMEs. Even larger firms in LIDCs are likely to face similar challenges to SMEs, including a less supportive domestic operating environment and weaker institutions that lead to higher fixed costs and challenges to compete on the international markets. The two major points of this report are (1) participation in GVCs is heterogeneous and uneven, across and within countries, and (2) available data and survey-based evidence suggest that SMEs’ participation in GVCs is mostly taking place through indirect contribution to exports, rather than through exporting directly. The report makes the case that policy action, at the national and multilateral level, can make a difference in achieving more inclusive GVCs through: a holistic approach to reform spanning trade, investment, and domestic policies countries and investments in expanding the statistical base and analysis of GVCs and in sharing knowledge on best practices on enabling policies and programs. The report elaborates on three broad areas of recommendations: (1) establishing a trade and investment action plan for inclusiveness defining clear and achievable objectives on trade and investment policy and identifying the necessary complementary domestic policy actions; (2) complementing trade, investment, and domestic policy actions by providing the needed political leadership and support to enhance collaboration across the sectors, and establishing global platforms for sharing best practices; and (3) providing political support for the establishment of a multi-year plan to expand and upgrade the statistical foundation necessary to increase the capacity of all countries to identify and implement policies that can contribute to stronger, more inclusive and sustainable growth and development, globally.
Book Synopsis The Role of Law and Regulation in Scaling Up African Value Chains by : Katrin Kuhlmann
Download or read book The Role of Law and Regulation in Scaling Up African Value Chains written by Katrin Kuhlmann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like agricultural value chains themselves, laws, regulations, and policies form an intricate system that impacts agricultural development and opportunities for small farmers. This system, often collectively referred to as the “enabling environment,” affects all aspects of value chain development and includes a variety of functions and actors. Law, regulation, and policy can influence farmers' ability to use land and water, obtain financing and inputs, and access services and broader markets. A deeper understanding of the role of legal and regulatory issues in value chain development is needed both as a component of inclusive agricultural development and as a system in and of itself. How legal and regulatory systems are designed and, importantly, implemented, will impact the degree to which markets in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the world can grow in an efficient, equitable, and sustainable way. The enabling environment is a critical factor in determining whether value chain interventions will succeed and can be brought to scale, particularly in a way that is inclusive of the needs of small farmers and women. This work examines the legal and regulatory framework around value chain development, relying upon a body of work and methodology developed by the New Markets Lab (NML) and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), including IFAD's Scaling Up framework and initiatives on south-south collaboration. It represents the first stage of a timely and necessary exploration of these issues and will be followed by additional work by the authors and other partners. This Occasional Paper presents a framework for approaching legal and regulatory challenges to help bring value chain development to scale. It explores common legal and regulatory challenges at different stages in the value chain, namely: access to land, water, and productive resources; access to finance; access to inputs; access to services; and access to markets. Appendices one and two outline the scope of this project and propose a second, more in-depth stage to follow.Without question, land tenure is a significant issue in value chain development and food security. Land is a main source of employment and a critical factor in increased agricultural investment, and balancing the needs of small farmers and communities with agricultural investment is of particular significance for inclusive value chain growth. Land tenure is also particularly important issue for women in the agricultural sector, many of whom must also contend with gender discrimination. Laws and regulations governing land tenure can be complex, with customary and formal land tenure systems operating alongside each other in many countries. Enabling small producers and women to better understand and enforce their rights within these systems is critical to value chain development. Incomplete and inequitable systems for registering land and resolving disputes can limit opportunities for employment and investment and constrain productivity. Laws and regulations around water access are another factor in increasing productivity and improving value chains, as is the system regulating labor. Closely related to issues around land tenure are legal and regulatory issues around access to finance. These issues impact farmers of all sizes and intersect with other areas of law and regulation. Since land rights are often looked to as a form of security in financial transactions, insecure or unclear property rights can impact farmers' ability to obtain financing. In addition, gaps in laws and regulations governing deposits, loans, investment, contracts, and insurance all present particular challenges for small and medium-sized farmers' access to credit. Laws and regulations around remittances are also significant due to their increasingly important role as a means of finance in developing countries. Third, laws and regulations governing inputs, especially seeds and fertilizer, play a significant role in value chain development. Lengthy processes for release of new seed varieties, costly seed certification processes, and uncertainty around application of quality standards and sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) rules can limit the availability of (and access to) high-quality seed. Regulations around fertilizer can also affect access to a much-needed input. Access to essential market services, including transport, storage, and distribution services, along with financial and legal advisory services, are also integral to well-functioning agricultural value chains and are directly impacted by law and regulation. In many countries, regulations may limit market entry, making it difficult to ensure adequate competition in the market and the availability of services that can respond to the needs of small farmers. Finally, laws and regulations around access to markets, at the domestic, regional, and international levels, impact agricultural value chain development. Harmonizing and coordinating administration of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards at multiple market levels (within and between regions and internationally), implementing clear and consistent packaging and labeling requirements, and improving customs and borders procedures can improve access to larger markets and impact the growth of value chains. Understanding and addressing these legal and regulatory components comprehensively and in a manner that incorporates the needs of small farmers and women, who are often left out of rulemaking systems, will result in greater opportunity as value chains develop. As a result, this work focuses in particular on various issues within legal systems and how individual issues are addressed within these systems. Taking value chain development to scale and achieving systemic change may also call for new approaches that implement best practices in law and regulation (including those arising from regulatory best practices in the global south and south-south collaboration), ways in which to bridge public and private efforts, and an increased ability to work through challenges in the system as they arise.
Book Synopsis Interventions for inclusive and efficient value chains: Insights from CGIAR research by : de Brauw, Alan
Download or read book Interventions for inclusive and efficient value chains: Insights from CGIAR research written by de Brauw, Alan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-31 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts to promote the development of agricultural value chains are a common element of strategies to stimulate economic growth in low-income countries. Since the world food price crisis in 2007-2008, developing country governments, international donor agencies, and development practitioners have placed additional emphasis on making agricultural value chains work better for the poor. As value chains evolve to serve new markets, they tend to become less inclusive. For example, if a market for high quality rice arises within an economy, it is inherently easier for traders who sell rice to retailers to source that high quality rice from larger farms that are better able to control its quality than from dozens of smallholder farms. As a result, the normal path of value chain evolution can be biased against smallholders; hence, it is important to understand what types of interventions can make value chains more inclusive while also making them more efficient. In this brief, we summarize studies on five types of value chain interventions that were supported by the CGIAR’s Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) through its Flagship 3 on Inclusive and Effective Value Chains. Figure 1 illustrates a “typical” agricultural value chain, including the five intervention types (in orange). These include interventions that attempt to deal with multiple production constraints; certification; contract farming; public-private partnerships; and “other” services related to trading and marketing agricultural products. Apart from the last category, these interventions all involve production. This reflects the fact that smallholder producers can be considered, in some ways, the weakest link in evolving agricultural value chains (de Brauw and Bulte 2021). Hence, it is sensible to target interventions either at or close to smallholders. However, in some cases, the best way to overcome smallholder constraints may be to help actors at other points in the value chain overcome constraints. Many interventions share a focus on reducing transaction costs to promote smallholder market integration. Ideally, interventions increase both efficiency and inclusion, but we observe that such win-win outcomes are rare. Trade-offs appear to be more common than synergies, and some value chain interventions involve clear winners and losers.
