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Accelerator Mass Spectrometry For Quantitative In Vivo Tracing
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Book Synopsis Accelerator Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative in Vivo Tracing by :
Download or read book Accelerator Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative in Vivo Tracing written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) counts individual rare, usually radio-, isotopes such as radiocarbon at high efficiency and specificity in milligram-sized samples. AMS traces very low chemical doses ([mu]g) and radiative doses (100 Bq) of isotope labeled compounds in animal models and directly in humans for pharmaceutical, nutritional, or toxicological research. Absorption, metabolism, distribution, binding, and elimination are all quantifiable with high precision after appropriate sample definition.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Mechanisms Enabling an Ultra-high Efficiency Moving Wire Interface for Real-time Carbon 14 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Quantitation of Samples Suspended in Solvent by : Avraham Thaler Thomas
Download or read book Understanding the Mechanisms Enabling an Ultra-high Efficiency Moving Wire Interface for Real-time Carbon 14 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Quantitation of Samples Suspended in Solvent written by Avraham Thaler Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon 14 (14C) quantitation by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a powerfully sensitive and uniquely quantitative tool for tracking labeled carbonaceous molecules in biological systems. This is due to 14C's low natural abundance of 1 ppt, the nominal difference in biological activity between an unlabeled and a 14C-labeled molecule, and the ability of AMS to measure isotopic ratios independently of a sample's other characteristics. To make AMS more broadly accessible, a moving wire interface for real-time coupling of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to AMS and high throughput AMS quantitation of minute single samples has been developed. Prior to this work, samples needed to be converted to solid carbon before measurement. This conversion process has many steps and requires that the sample size be large enough to allow precise handling of the resulting graphite. These factors make the process susceptible to error and time consuming, as well as requiring 0.5 ug of carbon. Samples which do not contain enough carbon, such as HPLC fractions, must be bulked up. This adds background and increases effort. The moving wire interface overcomes these limitations by automating sample processing. Samples placed on the wire are transported through a solvent removal stage followed by a combustion stage after which the combustion products are directed to a gas accepting ion source. The ion source converts the carbon from the CO2 combustion product into C ions, from which an isotopic ratio can be determined by AMS. Although moving wire interfaces have been implemented for various tasks since 1964, the efficiency of these systems at transferring fluid from an HPLC to the wire was only 3%, the efficiency of transferring combustion products from the combustion oven to ion source was only 30%, the flow and composition of the carrier gas from the combustion oven to the ion source needed to be optimized for coupling to an AMS gas accepting ion source and the drying ovens were not designed to contain volatile samples. In addressing these issues we were able to use a moving wire interface to reduce minimal 14C-AMS sample sizes from 0.5ug to 10's of ng, reduce measurement times from days to minutes, measure 8 HPLC traces in a day instead of 1 HPLC trace in 3 days, measure HPLC traces with temporal resolution of seconds instead of that limited by fraction size, and detect 14C in HPLC traces with greater sensitivity.This work covers the understanding of how the mechanisms that enable these improvements function. This includes a model of how altering the texture of the wire may be used to control fluid applied to the wire; a novel approach to applying a continuous flow of fluid to the wire in either droplets or a coherent jet and the necessary understanding of fluid dynamics to design a system to produce droplets of the desired size or jet of the desired flow rate; a description of the wire's vibration and the means to mitigate it; the details of an improved drying oven that removes solvent more quickly and captures volatilized material; a method of predicting sample volatility within the drying oven, based on readily available partial pressure vs. temperature data; and a method of modeling the combustion oven flow network and fluid velocities, to aid in the construction of a combustion oven that directs 100% of combustion products to the instrument.The work was performed at the Research Resource for Biomedical AMS, which is operated at LLNL under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DEAC52-07NA27344. The Research Resource is supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences under Grant P41 GM103483.
Book Synopsis Using Mass Spectrometry for Drug Metabolism Studies by : Walter A. Korfmacher
Download or read book Using Mass Spectrometry for Drug Metabolism Studies written by Walter A. Korfmacher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-03 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this now classic work helped to establish mass spectrometry as the premier tool for drug metabolism studies. Completely rewritten from start to finish, Using Mass Spectrometry for Drug Metabolism Studies, Second Edition brings medicinal chemists and mass spectrometry professionals up to speed with the rapid advances in the fiel
Book Synopsis Trace Quantitative Analysis by Mass Spectrometry by : Bob Boyd
Download or read book Trace Quantitative Analysis by Mass Spectrometry written by Bob Boyd and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a serious introduction to the subject of mass spectrometry, providing the reader with the tools and information to be well prepared to perform such demanding work in a real–life laboratory. This essential tool bridges several subjects and many disciplines including pharmaceutical, environmental and biomedical analysis that are utilizing mass spectrometry: Covers all aspects of the use of mass spectrometry for quantitation purposes Written in textbook style to facilitate understanding of this topic Presents fundamentals and real–world examples in a ‘learning–though–doing’ style
Book Synopsis Handbook of Drug Metabolism, Third Edition by : Paul G. Pearson
Download or read book Handbook of Drug Metabolism, Third Edition written by Paul G. Pearson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book continues to be the definitive reference on drug metabolism with an emphasis on new scientific and regulatory developments. It has been updated based on developments that have occurred in the last 5 years, with new chapters on large molecules disposition, stereo-selectivity in drug metabolism, drug transporters and metabolic activation of drugs. Some chapters have been prepared by new authors who have emerged as subject area experts in the decade that has passed since publication of the first edition.
Book Synopsis Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition by : A. Wallace Hayes
Download or read book Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition written by A. Wallace Hayes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-25 with total page 2304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded on the paradox that all things are poisons and the difference between poison and remedy is quantity, the determination of safe dosage forms the base and focus of modern toxicology. In order to make a sound determination there must be a working knowledge of the biologic mechanisms involved and of the methods employed to define these mechanisms. While the vastness of the field and the rapid accumulation of data may preclude the possibility of absorbing and retaining more than a fraction of the available information, a solid understanding of the underlying principles is essential. Extensively revised and updated with four new chapters and an expanded glossary, this fifth edition of the classic text, Principles and Methods of Toxicology provides comprehensive coverage in a manageable and accessible format. New topics include 'toxicopanomics', plant and animal poisons, information resources, and non-animal testing alternatives. Emphasizing the cornerstones of toxicology-people differ, dose matters, and things change, the book begins with a review of the history of toxicology and followed by an explanation of basic toxicological principles, agents that cause toxicity, target organ toxicity, and toxicological testing methods including many of the test protocols required to meet regulatory needs worldwide. The book examines each method or procedure from the standpoint of technique and interpretation of data and discusses problems and pitfalls that may be associated with each. The addition of several new authors allow for a broader and more diverse treatment of the ever-changing and expanding field of toxicology. Maintaining the high-quality information and organizational framework that made the previous editions so successful, Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition continues to be a valuable resource for the advanced practitioner as well as the new disciple of toxicology.
Book Synopsis Advances in Blood Research and Application: 2013 Edition by :
Download or read book Advances in Blood Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Blood Research and Application / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Plasma. The editors have built Advances in Blood Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Plasma in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Blood Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Advances in Isotope Methods for the Analysis of Trace Elements in Man by : Malcolm Jackson
Download or read book Advances in Isotope Methods for the Analysis of Trace Elements in Man written by Malcolm Jackson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-11-29 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing evidence that even minute amounts of trace elements can have profound effects on the human body. Advances in Isotope Methods for the Analysis of Trace Elements in Man describes new methods that are being developed to understand normal and abnormal trace element nutrition and metabolism. This book includes a wealth of pr
Book Synopsis ADME-Enabling Technologies in Drug Design and Development by : Donglu Zhang
Download or read book ADME-Enabling Technologies in Drug Design and Development written by Donglu Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to cutting-edge tools in ADME research The last decade has seen tremendous progress in the development of analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry and molecular biology tools, resulting in important advances in drug discovery, particularly in the area of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). ADME-Enabling Technologies in Drug Design and Development focuses on the current state of the art in the field, presenting a comprehensive review of the latest tools for generating ADME data in drug discovery. It examines the broadest possible range of available technologies, giving readers the information they need to choose the right tool for a given application, a key requisite for obtaining favorable results in a timely fashion for regulatory filings. With over thirty contributed chapters by an international team of experts, the book provides: A thorough examination of current tools, covering both electronic/mechanical technologies and biologically based ones Coverage of applications for each technology, including key parameters, optimal conditions for intended results, protocols, and case studies Detailed discussion of emerging tools and techniques, from stem cells and genetically modified animal models to imaging technologies Numerous figures and diagrams throughout the text Scientists and researchers in drug metabolism, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, toxicology, and bioanalytical science will find ADME-Enabling Technologies in Drug Design and Development an invaluable guide to the entire drug development process, from discovery to regulatory issues.
Book Synopsis Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism and Disposition by : Mike S. Lee
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism and Disposition written by Mike S. Lee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-16 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the background, industrial context, process, analytical methodology, and technology of metabolite identification. It emphasizes the applications of metabolite identification in drug research. While primarily a textbook, the book also functions as a comprehensive reference to those in the industry. The authors have worked closely together and combine complementary backgrounds to bring technical and cultural awareness to this very important endeavor while serving to address needs within academia and industry It also contains a variety of problem sets following specific sections in the text.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis by : Michael F. L'Annunziata
Download or read book Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis is written by experts in the measurement of radioactivity. The book describes the broad scope of analytical methods available and instructs the reader on how to select the proper technique. It is intended as a practical manual for research which requires the accurate measurement of radioactivity at all levels, from the low levels encountered in the environment to the high levels measured in radioisotope research. This book contains sample preparation procedures, recommendations on steps to follow, necessary calculations, computer controlled analysis, and high sample throughput techniques. Each chapter includes practical techniques for application to nuclear safety, nuclear safeguards, environmental analysis, weapons disarmament, and assays required for research in biomedicine and agriculture. The fundamentals of radioactivity properties, radionuclide decay, and methods of detection are included to provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures described in the book. Therefore, the Handbook can also be used as a teaching text. Includes sample preparation techniques for matrices such as soil, air, plant, water, animal tissue, and surface swipes Provides procedures and guidelines for the analysis of commonly encountered na
Book Synopsis Mass Spectrometry and Nutrition Research by : Laurent Bernard Fay
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry and Nutrition Research written by Laurent Bernard Fay and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry has developed into a platform for the assessment of health, sensory, quality and safety aspects of food. Current nutrition research focuses on unravelling the link between acute or chronic dietary and nutrient intake and the physiological effects at cellular, tissue and whole body level. The bioavailability and bioefficacy of food constituents and dose-effect correlations are key to understanding the impact of food on defined health outcomes. To generate this information, appropriate analytical tools are required to identify and quantify minute amounts of individual compounds in highly complex matrices (such as food or biological fluids) and to monitor molecular changes in the body in a highly specific and sensitive manner. Mass spectrometry has become the method of choice for such work and now has broad applications throughout all areas of nutrition research. This book focuses the contribution of mass spectrometry to the advancement of nutrition research. Aimed and students, teachers and researchers, it provides a link between nutrition and analytical biochemistry. It guides nutritionists to the appropriate techniques for their work and introduces analytical biochemists to new fields of application in nutrition and health. The first part of the book is dedicated to the assessment of macro- and micro-nutrient status with a view to making dietary recommendations for the treatment of diet-related diseases. The second part shows how mass spectrometry has changed nutrition research in fields like energy metabolism, body composition, protein turnover, immune modulation and cardiovascular health.
Book Synopsis Identification and Quantification of Drugs, Metabolites, Drug Metabolizing Enzymes, and Transporters by : Shuguang Ma
Download or read book Identification and Quantification of Drugs, Metabolites, Drug Metabolizing Enzymes, and Transporters written by Shuguang Ma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identification and Quantification of Drugs, Metabolites, Drug Metabolizing Enzymes, and Transporters, Second Edition, is completely updated to provide an overview of the last decade’s numerous advances in analytical technologies for detection and quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers. This new edition goes beyond LC-MS and features all-new chapters on how to evaluate drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, potential for hepatic and renal toxicity, immunogenicity of biotherapeutics and translational tools for predicting human dosage, safety and efficacy of small molecules and biologics. This book will be an important handbook and desk reference for pharmacologists, toxicologists, clinical scientists, and students interested in the fields of pharmacology, biochemistry, and drug metabolism. Four sections in the book with 24 chapters give readers an overview of state-of-the-art techniques for identifying and quantifying drugs, metabolites and biomarkers, including a chapter on new approaches for quantification of enzymes and transporters in different tissues Focuses on the role of drug metabolism enzymes, transporters in disposition and drug-drug interactions, as well as strategies for evaluating drug metabolism and safety using advanced liver and kidney models. Discussions on immunogenicity risks of biologics and their evaluation methods have been included Includes several chapters on advanced translational sciences to predict human dosage, pharmacokinetics and efficacy for small molecules and biotherapeutics All chapters are written by experts with a wide range of practical experience from the industry and academia
Book Synopsis Automotive Plastics and Composites by : Joseph P. Greene
Download or read book Automotive Plastics and Composites written by Joseph P. Greene and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automotive Plastics and Composites: Materials and Processing is an essential guide to the use of plastic and polymer composites in automotive applications, whether in the exterior, interior, under-the-hood, or powertrain, with a focus on materials, properties, and processing. The book begins by introducing plastics and polymers for the automotive industry, discussing polymer materials and structures, mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, rheology, and flow analysis. In the second part of the book, each chapter is dedicated to a category of material, and considers the manufacture, processing, properties, shrinkage, and possible applications, in each case. Two chapters on polymer processing provide detailed information on both closed-mold and open-mold processing. The final chapters explain other key aspects, such as recycling and sustainability, design principles, tooling, and future trends. This book is an ideal reference for plastics engineers, product designers, technicians, scientists, and R&D professionals who are looking to develop materials, components, or products for automotive applications. The book also intends to guide researchers, scientists, and advanced students in plastics engineering, polymer processing, and materials science and engineering. Analyzes mechanical, chemical, physical, and thermal properties, enabling the reader to select the appropriate material for specific applications Explains polymer processing, with thorough coverage of operations across both closed-mold and open-mold processing Provides systematic coverage of materials, including commodity and engineering thermoplastics, bio-based plastics, thermosets, composites, elastomeric polymers, and 3D-printed plastics
Book Synopsis Progressive Methods Utilized in the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Human Carotenoid Metabolism by : Sabrina Hickenbottom
Download or read book Progressive Methods Utilized in the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Human Carotenoid Metabolism written by Sabrina Hickenbottom and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Imaging Analysis by : Freddy Adams
Download or read book Chemical Imaging Analysis written by Freddy Adams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Imaging Analysis covers the advancements made over the last 50 years in chemical imaging analysis, including different analytical techniques and the ways they were developed and refined to link the composition and structure of manmade and natural materials at the nano/micro scale to the functional behavior at the macroscopic scale. In a development process that started in the early 1960s, a variety of specialized analytical techniques was developed – or adapted from existing techniques – and these techniques have matured into versatile and powerful tools for visualizing structural and compositional heterogeneity. This text explores that journey, providing a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields, including mass spectrometry, optical spectrometry including X-rays, electron microscopy, and beam techniques. Provides comprehensive coverage of analytical techniques used in chemical imaging analysis Explores a variety of specialized techniques Provides a general overview of imaging techniques in diverse fields
Book Synopsis Isotope Production And Applications In The 21st Century, Proceedings Of The 3rd International Conference On Isotopes by : Nigel R Stevenson
Download or read book Isotope Production And Applications In The 21st Century, Proceedings Of The 3rd International Conference On Isotopes written by Nigel R Stevenson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-10-09 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third International Conference on Isotopes focused on the theme of “Isotope Production and Applications in the 21st Century” and included presentations by several eminent experts in this field. The three central subjects — Isotopes in Medicine, Industry and the Environment — were supplemented by presentations on the latest developments in isotope production and synthesis, research into radiopharmaceuticals, applications in agriculture, analytical applications, radiocarbon dating, AMS and PET. Various views on the future directions for producers and users of isotopes were considered at this multi-disciplinary meeting.
