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A Study Of Routing With Cross Layer Adaptions For Multi Hop Wireless Network
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Book Synopsis A STUDY OF ROUTING WITH CROSS LAYER ADAPTIONS FOR MULTI-HOP WIRELESS NETWORK by : Dr. Ashad Ullah Qureshi
Download or read book A STUDY OF ROUTING WITH CROSS LAYER ADAPTIONS FOR MULTI-HOP WIRELESS NETWORK written by Dr. Ashad Ullah Qureshi and published by Concepts Books Publication. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes are natural hazards under which disasters are mainly caused by damage to structures or collapse of buildings and other man-made structures. Shaking and ground rupture are the main effects created by earthquakes, principally resulting in more or less severe damage to buildings and other rigid structures. As the earth vibrates, all buildings on the ground surface will respond to that vibration in varying degrees. The horizontal ground motion action is similar to the effect of a horizontal force action on the building.
Book Synopsis Cross Layer Optimization Techniques for Wireless Networks by : Shahbaz Khan
Download or read book Cross Layer Optimization Techniques for Wireless Networks written by Shahbaz Khan and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tremendous growth of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has unknowingly influenced our lifestyle. We are making more phone calls, exchanging more emails and spending more time on the World Wide Web than we did a decade ago. The nature of information content is also evolving. High definition video streaming, online shopping, online banking and content sharing libraries are some of the new paradigms that have replaced the simple web applications of early days. In such circumstances, the objectives for future networks are more challenging. This book focuses on the IEEE 802.11 MAC and identifies several challenges that require further research. The IEEE 802.11 standard for local area networks, specifically the IEEE 802.11e, is discussed in a tutorial style. The primary focus is on rate-adaptation schemes for multi-rate WLANs stations and design of QoS enabled routing protocol by incorporating information from the IEEE 802.11e compliant MAC. The book serves as a valuable reference for researchers, professionals and students who would like to gain a more formal understanding of Cross-layer optimization techniques and specifically the IEEE 802.11 standard.
Download or read book Label Routing Protocol written by Yu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adaptation and Cross Layer Design in Wireless Networks by : Mohamed Ibnkahla
Download or read book Adaptation and Cross Layer Design in Wireless Networks written by Mohamed Ibnkahla and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive techniques play a key role in modern wireless communication systems. The concept of adaptation is emphasized in the Adaptation in Wireless Communications Series through a unified framework across all layers of the wireless protocol stack ranging from the physical layer to the application layer, and from cellular systems to next-generation wireless networks. Adaptation and Cross Layer Design in Wireless Networks is devoted to adaptation in the data link layer, network layer, and application layer. The book presents state-of-the-art adaptation techniques and methodologies, including cross-layer adaptation, joint signal processing, coding and networking, selfishness in mobile ad hoc networks, cooperative and opportunistic protocols, adaptation techniques for multimedia support, self –organizing routing, and tunable security services. It presents several new theoretical paradigms and analytical findings which are supported with various simulation and experimental results. Adaptation in wireless communications is needed in order to achieve high capacity and ubiquitous communications. The current trend in wireless communication systems is to make adaptation dependent upon the state of the relevant parameters in all layers of the system. Focusing on simplified cross layer design approaches, this volume describes advanced techniques such as adaptive resource management, adaptive modulation and coding, 4G communications, QoS, diversity combining, and energy and mobility aware MAC protocols. The first volume in the series, Adaptive Signal Processing in Wireless Communications (cat no.46012) covers adaptive signal processing at the physical layer.
Book Synopsis Routing for Wireless Multi-Hop Networks by : Sherin Abdel Hamid
Download or read book Routing for Wireless Multi-Hop Networks written by Sherin Abdel Hamid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this brief is to identify what unifies and what distinguishes the routing functions in four wireless multi-hop network paradigms. The brief introduces a generic routing model that can be used as a foundation of wireless multi-hop routing protocol analysis and design. It demonstrates that such model can be adopted by any wireless multi-hop routing protocol. Also presented is a glimpse of the ideal wireless multi-hop routing protocol along with several open issues.
Book Synopsis Design of a Cross-layer Routing Algorithm in Multi-hop Wireless Networks with Load-balancing Consideration by : 姚立偉
Download or read book Design of a Cross-layer Routing Algorithm in Multi-hop Wireless Networks with Load-balancing Consideration written by 姚立偉 and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Cross-layer Approach for Muti-constrained Routing in 802.11 Wireless Mutli-hop Networks by : Mohamed Riadh Kortebi
Download or read book A Cross-layer Approach for Muti-constrained Routing in 802.11 Wireless Mutli-hop Networks written by Mohamed Riadh Kortebi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing interest in wireless multi-hop networks (WMNs) since there are promising in opening new business opportunity for network operators and service providers. This research field aims at providing wireless communication means to carry different types of applications (FTP, Web browsing, video streaming, in addition to VoIP). Such applications have different constraints and their specific requirements in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) or performance metrics (delay jitter, end-to-end delay). We examine, in this thesis, the problem of routing in WMNs. Our main goal is to propose a new multi-metrics routing capable to fit these particular needs. In this thesis, we make several contributions toward WMN multi-constrained routing. First, we show that the multi-constrained path finding problem is NP-Complete and inherently a cross-layer issue, and that three steps are necessary to design the multi-metric routing protocol: (i) modeling of the inferring signal, (ii) estimation of the remaining bandwidth, (iii) estimation of the one-hop delay. Second, moving in such direction, we propose two enhanced versions of the OLSR routing protocol. The suggested protocols consider the SINR as a routing metric to build a reliable topology graph. Performance evaluation shows that utilizing such routing metric helps to improve significantly the VoIP application quality in the context of ad hoc network while maintaining a reasonable overhead cost. Third, we have proposed a 2-Hop interference Estimation Algorithm (2-HEAR) in order to estimate the available bandwidth. Then, and based on such algorithm, we have proposed a novel routing metric for WMNs: Estimated Balanced Capacity (EBC) in order to achieve load-balancing among the different flows. The next issue tackled in this thesis is the one-hop delay estimation, the one-hop delay is estimated by means of an analytical model based on G/G/1 queue. Finally, we have encompassed all the previous contributions to address our main goal, i.e. the design of a multi-constrained routing protocol for WMNs. A hybrid routing protocol is then proposed. This protocol is a junction of two parts : a proactive part that makes use of the previously estimated constraint, and a reactive part, which is triggered "on demand" when news applications are expressed.
Book Synopsis Cross-Layer Design for QoS Routing in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks by : Ahed Alshanyour
Download or read book Cross-Layer Design for QoS Routing in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks written by Ahed Alshanyour and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are gaining increasing popularity in recent years because of their ease of deployment. They are distributed, dynamic, and self-configurable without infrastructure support. Routing in ad hoc networks is a challenging task because of the MANET dynamic nature. Hence, researchers were focused in designing best-effort distributed and dynamic routing protocols to ensure optimum network operations in an unpredictable wireless environment. Nowadays, there is an increased demand on multimedia applications (stringent delay and reliability requirements), which makes a shift from best-effort services to Quality of Services. Actually, the challenge in wireless ad hoc networks is that neighbor nodes share the same channel and they take part in forwarding packets. Therefore, the total effective channel capacity is not only limited by the raw channel capacity but is also limited by the interactions and interferences among neighboring nodes. Thus, such factors should be taken in consideration in order to offer QoS routing. While, some of the distributed QoS route selection algorithms assume the availability of such information, others propose mechanisms to estimate them. The goals of this thesis are: (i) to analyze the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC mechanism in non-saturation conditions, (ii) to use the analysis in the context of multi-hop ad hoc networks, (iii) to derive theoretical limits for nodes performance in multi-hop ad hoc networks, (iv) to use the multi-hop analysis in QoS route selection. We start the thesis by proposing a discrete-time 3D Markov chain model to analyze the saturation performance of the RTS/CTS access mode. This model integrates the backoff countdown process, retransmission retry limits, and transmission errors into one model. The impact of system parameters (e.g., number of nodes, packet size, retry limits, and BERs) are analyzed. Next, we extend the 3D model to analyze the performance under non-saturation conditions and finite buffer capacity using two different approaches. First, we extend the 3D model into a 4D model to integrate the transmission buffer behavior. Second, we replace the 4D model by an M/G/1/K queueing system model with independent samples from the saturation analysis. The latter model gives similar results as the former but with a reduction in the analysis complexity. Next and by means of the non-saturation analysis, we proposed an approximate mathematical model for multi-hop ad hoc networks. Furthermore, we proposed an iterative mechanism to estimate the throughput in the presence of multiple flows. Finally, we used the multi-hop analysis to propose a QoS route selection algorithm. In this algorithm, we concentrate on the throughput as a QoS parameter. However, the proposed algorithm is valid to be used with other QoS parameters, such as packet delay, packet loss probability, and fairness. Analytical and simulation results show the deficiency of the current route selection algorithm in AODV and at the same time verifies the need for QoS route selection algorithms.
Book Synopsis Radio Communications by : Alessandro Bazzi
Download or read book Radio Communications written by Alessandro Bazzi and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades the restless evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) brought to a deep transformation of our habits. The growth of the Internet and the advances in hardware and software implementations modified our way to communicate and to share information. In this book, an overview of the major issues faced today by researchers in the field of radio communications is given through 35 high quality chapters written by specialists working in universities and research centers all over the world. Various aspects will be deeply discussed: channel modeling, beamforming, multiple antennas, cooperative networks, opportunistic scheduling, advanced admission control, handover management, systems performance assessment, routing issues in mobility conditions, localization, web security. Advanced techniques for the radio resource management will be discussed both in single and multiple radio technologies; either in infrastructure, mesh or ad hoc networks.
Book Synopsis Cross Layer Optimizations for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Networks by : Tarun Joshi
Download or read book Cross Layer Optimizations for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Networks written by Tarun Joshi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we focus on designing several cross-layer optimizations to boost the performance of wireless networks. We categorize our efforts into two directions: (a) improvement of spatial reusability and multi-hop performance via Directional Antennas, and (b) analysis and optimization of the IEEE 802.11 multi-rate networks. Since existing protocols are incapable of fully exploiting the benefits of a directional antenna system, we propose a, broadcast and routing protocol for such systems. All our proposals assume cross layer interaction between the Network, MAC and PHY layers. Next, we analyze multi-rate networks in the context of IEEE 802.11 DCF networks and propose an analytical model to study the link-delay characteristics of such systems. We then propose an online algorithm Time Fair CSMA (TFCSMA), for guaranteeing air-time fairness and thereby mitigating the recently observed rate anomaly problem of IEEE DCF multi-rate networks. Following the design of TFCSMA, we concentrate on the problem of rate adaptation for time-varying wireless channels. We thoroughly investigate the impact of transmission rate on the performance of a wireless link. We then propose Stochastic Automata Rate Adaptation Algorithm (SARA). SARA is inspired by Stochastic Learning Automata (SLA), a machine learning technique for adaptation in random environments. As opposed to the previous work in this area, SARA is ideally suited for both stationary and non-stationary channel environments and is completely compatible with the existing IEEE 802.11 MAC standard.
Book Synopsis Cross Layer Network Architecture for Efficient Packet Forwarding in Wireless Networks by :
Download or read book Cross Layer Network Architecture for Efficient Packet Forwarding in Wireless Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the evolution of 802.11-based wireless networks from hotspots to mesh networks, there has been a tremendous increase in the number of wireless users and density of deployments. Consequently, current wireless network face several problems due to interference, uncoordinated medium access, packet processing overheads at each hop and sub-optimal route selection. While radio technologies continue to improve speeds upto hundred megabits per second, the inadequacies of medium access and routing protocols severely impact the overall network capacity and end-user experience. In this thesis, we focus on improving the scalability and packet forwarding efficiency of multihop wireless networks. We introduce a self-organizing hierarchical ad-hoc network design (SOHAN) based on a three-tier hierarchy with dedicated forwarding nodes to address the scalability of existing multihop networks. We focus on realistic system design considerations and develop a Linux-based system prototype including novel protocols for bootstrapping, discovery and topology control to enable hierarchical self-organization. Experimental and simulation-based evaluations indicate a 2.5 times performance improvement over flat network models. We address packet forwarding inefficiencies of existing techniques over multihop networks due to queuing, contention and reprocessing at each hop and propose an interface contained forwarding architecture (ICF) using a combination of cut-through MAC protocol and label-based forwarding to enable "atomic" channel access for downstream transmissions and reduce self-interference. Next, we design a cross layer enabled cut through architecture (CLEAR) that extends the ICF mechanism with novel airtime metric-based route selection to mitigate the interference between flows. We further outline a time-based coordination scheme using soft reservations during route discovery phase to coordinate multihop "burst" transfers amongst flows. This model can be adapted to support differentiated services and provide a"low-latency socket" for real-time traffic over multiple hops. Our work can be the basis for a switched multihop wireless network design that enables conflict-free transfers resulting in efficient utilization of channel capacity and providing a viable alternative to wired network deployments. A substantial contribution of this thesis also includes the design and development of the ORBIT wireless testbed with focus on cross-layer experimental framework to facilitate rapid prototyping of wireless protocols and experimental evaluations at scale.
Book Synopsis Multihop Wireless Networks by : Kai Zeng
Download or read book Multihop Wireless Networks written by Kai Zeng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to opportunistic routing an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks This book presents a comprehensive background to the technological challenges lying behind opportunistic routing. The authors cover many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles, performance limit and performance improvement of opportunistic routing compared to traditional routing, energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, geographic opportunistic routing, opportunistic broadcasting, and security issues associated with opportunistic routing, etc. Furthermore, the authors discuss technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. The book brings together all the new results on this topic in a systematic, coherent and unified presentation and provides a much needed comprehensive introduction to this topic. Key Features: Addresses opportunistic routing, an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks Discusses the technological challenges lying behind this new technology, and covers a wide range of practical implementation issues Explores many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles of opportunistic routing, performance limits and performance improvement, and compares them to traditional routing (e.g. energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, broadcasting, and security issues) Covers technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. This book provides an invaluable reference for researchers working in the field of wireless networks and wireless communications, and Wireless professionals. Graduate students will also find this book of interest.
Book Synopsis Physical and Cross-Layer Security Enhancement and Resource Allocationfor Wireless Networks by : Muhammad Shafi Al Bashar
Download or read book Physical and Cross-Layer Security Enhancement and Resource Allocationfor Wireless Networks written by Muhammad Shafi Al Bashar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we present novel physical (phy) and cross-layer design guidelines and resource adaptation algorithms to improve the security and user experience in the future wireless networks. Physical and cross-layer wireless security measures can provide stronger overall security with high efficiency and can also provide better flexibility in response to the typically time-varying wireless environment. To better utilize limited wireless resources, we present approaches and techniques based on new performance criteria for wireless system optimization by thoroughly exploiting user information including its Quality of Service (QoS) requests and channel state information (csi) to improve network throughput and security. In recent years, there has been a growing research interest in wireless system security from phy layer perspective. In a wiretap channel model introduced in the seminal work by Wyner, a sender "Alice" wishes to transmit a secret message to the intended receiver "Bob" in presence of a passive eavesdropper "Eve". Existing works have characterized maximum achievable secrecy rate or secrecy capacity for single- and multiple-antenna systems by applying Gaussian signaling and secrecy code. Despite the impracticality of Gaussian input, its compact closed-form expression of mutual information motivated the wide use of Gaussian input assumption in theoretical analysis. In contrast to the Gaussian codebook, practical wiretap codes must consist of finite-alphabet symbols. Because of this constraint, the achievable secrecy rate for a finite-alphabet input scenario would differ from the secrecy rate achievable by a Gaussian codebook. In this thesis, we quantify the effect of finite discrete-constellation on instantaneous and ergodic secrecy rate of multiple-antenna wire-tap channels. Our results demonstrate substantial performance difference between systems involving finite-alphabet inputs and systems with Gaussian inputs. In addition, we investigate the secrecy performance of multi-terminal wiretap systems when a codebook based transmission beamforming is implemented. We characterize the secrecy outage probability of a communication link under eavesdropping. We consider a limited feedback scenario where the transmitter uses a pre-defined codebook known to both the transmitter and the receiver for beamforming, and analyze the secrecy outage probability of the link when it being eavesdropped. Next, we consider the security of wireless multi-hop networks. Certainly, network security is an overarching issue that transcends all layers of communication protocol stack. Therefore, we tackle the problem of network security by proper user scheduling, routing, and resource management. Our approach of secrecy is complementary to the traditional cryptography based techniques. Together, they can provide stronger overall security and flexibility in selecting the desired solution and can reduce bandwidth and energy overhead as much as possible. Multi-hop wireless networks frequently employ the traditional routing and resource allocation strategies. Such strategies often fail to take into account the additional need for protection against security vulnerabilities due to the wireless medium. Thus, to address security concerns, we investigate the problem of eavesdropping control by proposing security-aware power allocation strategies and routing algorithms for multi-hop networks. The future wireless infrastructure will consists of a plethora of heterogeneous collections of applications and services. A differentiated service structure would therefore be an essential part of the future wireless infrastructure. In addition to the security consideration of wireless network, we focus on the heterogeneous structure of the network. We study the problem of cross-layer resource allocation and admission control in a multiuser heterogeneous ofdma network providing both QoS-constrained user services and best-effort services. Such heterogeneous networks provide service to both High-Priority (hp) users and Best-Effort (be) users. By clustering subcarriers, efficient algorithms for cluster and power allocation have been proposed. Our strategy maximizes the total network utility of the be users while satisfying the QoS request for maximum number of hp users. The feasibility of the resource allocation problem depends on the number of hp users in the network. Since a large number of demanding hp users would render the resource allocation problem infeasible, a joint admission control and resource allocation scheme could be an efficient way of tackling both problems with less overhead. By incorporating admission control, we propose an efficient and optimal joint admission control and resource allocation algorithm. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest llc. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.].
Book Synopsis Resource Allocation and Cross-layer Control in Wireless Networks by : Leonidas Georgiadis
Download or read book Resource Allocation and Cross-layer Control in Wireless Networks written by Leonidas Georgiadis and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information flow in a telecommunication network is accomplished through the interaction of mechanisms at various design layers with the end goal of supporting the information exchange needs of the applications. In wireless networks in particular, the different layers interact in a nontrivial manner in order to support information transfer. In this text we will present abstract models that capture the cross-layer interaction from the physical to transport layer in wireless network architectures including cellular, ad-hoc and sensor networks as well as hybrid wireless-wireline. The model allows for arbitrary network topologies as well as traffic forwarding modes, including datagrams and virtual circuits. Furthermore the time varying nature of a wireless network, due either to fading channels or to changing connectivity due to mobility, is adequately captured in our model to allow for state dependent network control policies. Quantitative performance measures that capture the quality of service requirements in these systems depending on the supported applications are discussed, including throughput maximization, energy consumption minimization, rate utility function maximization as well as general performance functionals. Cross-layer control algorithms with optimal or suboptimal performance with respect to the above measures are presented and analyzed. A detailed exposition of the related analysis and design techniques is provided.
Book Synopsis Cross-layer Design of Multi-hop Wireless Networks by :
Download or read book Cross-layer Design of Multi-hop Wireless Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transmission Scheduling Based on a New Conflict Graph Model for Multicast in Multihop Wireless Networks by : Quanmin Ye
Download or read book Transmission Scheduling Based on a New Conflict Graph Model for Multicast in Multihop Wireless Networks written by Quanmin Ye and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wireless networks are undergoing rapid progress and inspiring numerous applications. As the application of wireless networks becomes broader, they are expected to not only provide ubiquitous connectivity, but also support end users with certain service guarantees. End-to-end delay is an important Quality of Service (QoS) metric in multihop wireless networks. This dissertation addresses how to minimize end-to-end delay through joint optimization of network layer routing and link layer scheduling. Two cross-layer schemes, a loosely coupled cross-layer scheme and a tightly coupled cross-layer scheme, are proposed. The two cross-layer schemes involve interference modeling in multihop wireless networks with omnidirectional antenna. In addition, based on the interference model, multicast schedules are optimized to minimize the total end-to-end delay. Throughput is another important QoS metric in wireless networks. This dissertation addresses how to leverage the spatial multiplexing function of MIMO links to improve wireless network throughput. Wireless interference modeling of a half-duplex MIMO node is presented. Based on the interference model, routing, spatial multiplexing, and scheduling are jointly considered in one optimization model. The throughput optimization problem is first addressed in constant bit rate networks and then in variable bit rate networks. In a variable data rate network, transmitters can use adaptive coding and modulation schemes to change their data rates so that the data rates are supported by the Signal to Noise and Interference Ratio (SINR). The problem of achieving maximum throughput in a millimeter-wave wireless personal area network is studied"--Abstract, page iv.
Book Synopsis A Utility-based Routing Scheme in Multi-hop Wireless Networks by : Mingming Lu
Download or read book A Utility-based Routing Scheme in Multi-hop Wireless Networks written by Mingming Lu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multi-hop wireless networks are infrastructure-less networks consisting of mobile or stationary wireless devices, which include multi-hop wireless mesh networks and multi-hop wireless sensor networks. These networks are characterized by limited bandwidth and energy resources, unreliable communication, and a lack of central control. These characteristics lead to the research challenges of multi-hop wireless networks. Building up routing schemes with good balance among the routing QoS (such as reliability, cost, and delay) is a paramount concern to achieve high performance wireless networks. These QoS metrics are internally correlated. Most existing works did not fully utilize this correlation. We design a metric to balance the trade-off between reliability and cost, and build up a framework of utility-based routing model in multi-hop wireless networks. This dissertation focuses on the variations with applications of utility-based routing models, designing new concepts, and developing new algorithms for them. A review of existing routing algorithms and the basic utility-based routing model for multi-hop wireless networks has been provided at the beginning. An efficient algorithm, called MaxUtility, has been proposed for the basic utility-based routing model. MaxUtility is an optimal algorithm that can find the best routing path with the maximum expected utility. Various utility-based routing models are extended to further enhance the routing reliability while reducing the routing overhead. Besides computing the optimal path for a given benefit value and a given source-destination pair, the utility-based routing can be further extended to compute all optimal paths for all possible benefit values and/or all source-destination pairs. Our utility-based routing can also adapt to different applications and various environments. In the self-organized environment, where network users are selfish, we design a truthful routing, where selfish users have to tell the truth in order to maximize their utilities. We apply our utility-based routing scheme to the data-gathering wireless sensor networks, where a routing scheme is required to transmit data sensed by multiple sensor nodes to a common sink node.
