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Author : Roger Mann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book A Simulation Model of Grasshopper Population written by Roger Mann and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : G. S. Innis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461299292
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Grassland Simulation Model written by G. S. Innis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives on the ELM Model and Modeling Efforts This volume is the major open-literature description of a comprehensive, pioneering ecological modeling effort. The ELM model is one of the major outputs of the United States Grassland Biome study, a contribution to the International Biological Program (IBP). Writing this introduction provides wel come personal opportunity to (i) review briefly the state of the art at the beginning of the ELM modeling effort in 1971, (ii) to discuss some aspects of the ELM model's role in relation to other models and other phases of the Grassland Biome study, and (iii) to summarize the evolution of ELM or its components since 1973. Pre-Program Historical Perspective My first major contacts with ecological simulation modeling were in 1960 when I was studying intraseasonal herbage dynamics and nutrient production on foothill grasslands in southcentral Montana, making year-round measurements of the aboveground live vegetation, the standing dead, and the litter. Limitations in funding and the rockiness of the foothill soils prevented measuring the dynamics of the root biomass, both live and dead. Herbage biomass originates in live shoots from which it could be translocated into live roots or the live shoots could transfer to standing dead or to litter. Standing dead vegetation must end up in the litter and the live roots eventually transfer to dead roots. Obviously, the litter and the dead roots must decay away.
Author : Allah Ditta Sheikh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Effect of Weather Variation on Economic Results from Grasshopper Control Tactics in Chad written by Allah Ditta Sheikh and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural production in the Sahelian region of Africa is among the lowest in the world. Cyclical infestations of locusts and grasshoppers have contributed to this low productivity. The infestations appear to be triggered by heavy rainfall at the beginning of a crop season after extended drought. Because locusts and grasshoppers are migratory, their control on a local and farm by farm basis is difficult. To combat the problem of periodic outbreaks USAID has provided direct assistance through aerial spraying of grasshoppers in a number of African countries.' This includes a control program in the north African country of Chad in 1987. From the beginning concern arose as to when it is economically desirable to control grasshoppers. The International Plant Protection Center (IPPC) at Oregon State University was awarded a contract for economic evaluation of spraying in Chad which included development of a grasshopper crop loss simulation model (GHLSIM) driven by climatic factors for grasshopper and crop growth. GHLSIM's posterior analysis of the 1987 anti-grasshopper campaign produced results with a wide range of B/C ratios across the 13 sites which were evaluated. The B/C ratios ranged from 0 to 6.9. To test GHLSIM's use beyond weather conditions of a single year (1987), a Monte Carlo simulation technique was used to generate long term (100 year) rainfall patterns at selected sites and a series of expected benefits generated. The effect of rainfall variability upon economic benefits was assessed. So also were changes in grasshopper population densities and output prices. Results are presented graphically under a number of such conditions to understand the biophysical relationships among grasshoppers, crop, natural vegetation and rainfall as modeled by GHLSIM. The model is sensitive to within season and to some extent between season weather variation. Rainfall appears to be the dominant variable controlling crop production, regardless of grasshopper densities. When weather is the overriding factor, changes in grasshopper density levels do not play a dominant role in affecting B/C ratios. When weather is not a constraint for crop production, grasshopper density changes can affect benefits significantly. In its present form the GHLSIM model cannot be used as an early warning indicator. While the model appears to predict crop production quite well, model refinement which will change the qualitative prediction of grasshopper populations to a quantitative one throughout a crop season is still needed. When this is completed and both the GHLCROPS and GHLOSE submodels performance are validated against field observations, the GHLSIM model can be used as an early warning predictor. With these accomplishments GHLSIM can then be considered for use in the public policy arena for assessing what areas to spray, when and what distributional effects may be involved.
Author : Craig D. Osteen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Agricultural Pest Control written by Craig D. Osteen and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kiana Marie Zimmerman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (435 download)
Download or read book A Spatial Model for Markov Chain Analysis of Grasshopper Population Dynamics in Wyoming written by Kiana Marie Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Settele
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940090343X
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Species Survival in Fragmented Landscapes written by J. Settele and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of isolation, area size, and habitat quality on the survival of animal and plant populations in the cultural landscape are central aspects of a research project started in Germany in 1993 (,Forschungsverbund, Isolation, FHichengroBe und BiotopquaIiHit', abbreviated to 'FIFB'). After a long period of preparation, scientists from seven univer sities and one research institution started to work within the frame of this project. Fund ing for four years was provided by the former German Federal Ministry of Research and Technology (BMFT), now the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). A strong focus of the project has been the improvement of the methodology for environmental impact assessments and the implementation of results into environmental planning. As there is a certain risk that national projects develop some kind of 'mental in breeding', it was decided to discuss concepts, methods, and first results with scientists of international reputation at a rather early stage of the project. For this purpose, an inter national workshop was held in the small village of Lubast, north of Leipzig (state of Saxony) in March 1995. 130 scientists from 10 nations met to discuss and debate issues surrounding habitat fragmentation for three days. Papers presented there formed the basis for this book. As discussions included general reviews as well as particular case studies, we decided to structure this book in a similar way. Consequently, a combination of broad and more general, review-like papers as well as original papers are presented.
Author : Jim P. Curry
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780412165207
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (652 download)
Download or read book Grassland Invertebrates written by Jim P. Curry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-11-30 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grasslands comprise more than a quarter of the Earth's land surface. In addition to supporting a wide range of vertebrates such as domestic livestock and a variety of games species, grassland is the natural habitat for a wide range of invertebrate species, and this book considers those which occur in grassland and their impact on soil fertility and herbage growth. It describes grassland as a habitat for invertebrates, the groups which occur there and their abudance. An extensive literature on grassland invertebrates scattered through numerous scientific journals and reports is drawn on in an attempt to develop an overview. In the opening chapter the major grassland types are considered and the features which influence the distribution and abudance of the invertebrates which inhabit them are discussed. Next the major taxonomic groups are reviewed in turn, with a brief account of their biology and ecology and of their ecosystem role. Some general features of grassland invertebrate communities are then described and teh factors which influence th epopulation densities of their constituent species are considered. Particular attentionm is given to the ways in which populations are influenced by management practices. The final and largest chapterdeals with the various ways in which invertebrates influence important grassland processes through ingestion of organic matter, interaction with injurious species is considered, with particular emphasis on the potential for achieving this through manipulating grassland management practices.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Bibliographies and Literature of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Daniel J. Basta
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317368703
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)
Download or read book Analyzing Natural Systems written by Daniel J. Basta and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report was undertaken on local, regional, state and federal levels in the United States to analyse the impact residuals have on environmental quality and to emphasise the need for Residuals- Environmental quality management (REQM). Originally published in 1982, this study brings together information on approaches for analysing natural systems and which factors to consider when choosing an approach. This title will be of interest to students of environmental studies as well as professionals and policy makers.
Author : Manuela Veloso
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540605980
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (59 download)
Download or read book Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development written by Manuela Veloso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-10-16 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR-95, held in Sesimbra, Portugal, in October 1995. The 52 revised papers included are classified as scientific papers , application papers , and posters . All current aspects of research and development aiming at industrial applications in CBR are addressed. Among the topical sections are case and knowledge representation, case retrieval, nearest neighbour methods, case adaption and learning, cognitive modelling, integrated reasoning methods, and application-oriented methods: planning, decision making, diagnosis, interpretation, design, etc.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management Handbook: Modeling and population dynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Miscellaneous Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book VI. Decision Support Tools written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert G. Foottit
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118945573
Total Pages : 1044 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Insect Biodiversity written by Robert G. Foottit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume Two of the new guide to the study of biodiversity in insects Volume Two of Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society presents an entirely new, companion volume of a comprehensive resource for the most current research on the influence insects have on humankind and on our endangered environment. With contributions from leading researchers and scholars on the topic, the text explores relevant topics including biodiversity in different habitats and regions, taxonomic groups, and perspectives. Volume Two offers coverage of insect biodiversity in regional settings, such as the Arctic and Asia, and in particular habitats including crops, caves, and islands. The authors also include information on historical, cultural, technical, and climatic perspectives of insect biodiversity. This book explores the wide variety of insect species and their evolutionary relationships. Case studies offer assessments on how insect biodiversity can help meet the needs of a rapidly expanding human population, and examine the consequences that an increased loss of insect species will have on the world. This important text: Offers the most up-to-date information on the important topic of insect biodiversity Explores vital topics such as the impact on insect biodiversity through habitat loss and degradation and climate change With its companion Volume I, presents current information on the biodiversity of all insect orders Contains reviews of insect biodiversity in culture and art, in the fossil record, and in agricultural systems Includes scientific approaches and methods for the study of insect biodiversity The book offers scientists, academics, professionals, and students a guide for a better understanding of the biology and ecology of insects, highlighting the need to sustainably manage ecosystems in an ever-changing global environment.
Author : R. F. Chapman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471609018
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Biology of Grasshoppers written by R. F. Chapman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Aspects of Insect-Plant Interactions Edited by Pedro Barbosa and Deborah Letourneau This volume represents the forefront of two rapidly advancing areas of ecology: three-trophic-level interactions and the interdisciplinary field of chemical ecology The book focuses on the role of microorganisms as mediators of interactions between insects and plants, providing critical appraisal of studies and suggesting ways to integrate competing hypotheses of insect-plant dynamics. 1988 (0 471-83276-6) 362 pp. Arthropod Biological Control Agents and Pesticides Brian A. Croft Examining the effects of pesticides on predators and parasites and exploring methods for reducing negative impacts of pesticide use, this book focuses on the interaction of pesticides with entomophagous arthropods. It surveys the history of research in the field and discusses susceptibility assessment, lethal, sublethal, and ecological effects of pesticides, and selectivity, resistance, and resistance management. 1990 (0 471-81975-1) 723 pp. Lepidopteran Anatomy, John Eaton This single-source treatment on the anatomy of Lepidoptera provides a detailed exposition of its anatomy plus all its life stages, including the larva and adult forms of the exoskeleton, musculature, organ systems, and specialized structures. As the only thorough examination of the morphology of this insect group, it is an essential acquisition for entomologists, morphologists, and insect physiologists. 1988 (1-05862-9) 257 pp. Integrated Pest Management Systems and Cotton Production Edited by Ray Frisbie, Kamal El-Zik, and L. Ted Wilson The most complete and authoritative work available on the subject, this book brings together information on integrated pest management strategies that are applicable to cotton. It addresses economic, agronomic, and biological factors of pest management and focuses on plant resistance to pests and the genetic rationale for improving plant health. 1989 (0 471-81782-1) 437 pp.
Author : Jeffrey Lockwood
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792365297
Total Pages : 760 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (652 download)
Download or read book Grasshoppers and Grassland Health written by Jeffrey Lockwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-09-30 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acridids (grasshoppers and locusts) can range from being rare curiosities to abundant menaces. Some are threatened with extinction and become subjects of intensive conservation efforts, while others are devastating pests and become the objects of massive control programmes. Even within a species, there are times when the animal is so abundant that its crushed masses cause the wheels of trains to skid (the Rocky Mountain grasshopper, Melanoplus spretus Walsh in western North America in the 1860s and I 870s), while at other times the animal is alarmingly scarce (the Rocky Mountain grasshopper went extinct in the early 1900s). Why are there these extremes in one insect family, and even in a single species? The NATO workshop examined this paradox and its implications for Environmental Security, which must address both the elements of land use (agricultural production and pest management) and conservation of biodiversity. The reconciliation of these objectives clearly demands a critical assessment of current knowledge and policies, identification of future research, and close working relationships among scientists. Insects can present two clear faces, as well as the intervening gradation. These extremes require us to respond in two ways: conservation of scarce species and suppression of abundant (harmful) species. But perhaps most important, these opposite poles also provide the opportunity for an exchange of information and insight.
