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Author : Pieter Timotheus de Zeeuw
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783923524624
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (246 download)
Download or read book A Science Vision for European Astronomy written by Pieter Timotheus de Zeeuw and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael F. Bode
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book The ASTRONET Science Vision & Infrastructure Roadmap 2022-2035 written by Michael F. Bode and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan F.M. Moorwood
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402091907
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Science with the VLT in the ELT Era written by Alan F.M. Moorwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Workshop “Science with the VLT in the ELT Era” held in Garching from 8th to 12th October 2007 was organised by ESO, with support from its Scienti c and Technical Committee, to provide a forum for the astronomical community to debate the long term future of ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) and its interferometric mode (VLTI). In particular it was considered useful for future planning to evaluate how its science use may evolve over the next decade due to competition and/or synergy with new facilities such as ALMA, JWST and, hopefully, at least one next generation 30–40 m extremely large telescope whose acronym appears in the title to symbolise this wider context. These discussions were also held in the fresh light of the Science Vision recently developed within ASTRONET as the rst step towards a 20 year plan for implementing astronomical facilities—the rst such attempt within Europe. Speci c ideas and proposals for new, second generation VLT/I instruments were also solicited following a tradition set by several earlier Workshops held since the start of the VLT development. The programme consisted of invited talks and reviews and contributed talks and posters. Almost all those given are included here although, unfortunately not the several lively but constructive discussion sessions.
Author : Oddbjørn Engvold Bozena Czerny, John Lattanzio and Rolf Stabell
Publisher : EOLSS Publications
ISBN 13 : 1780210000
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)
Download or read book Astronomy and Astrophysics - Volume I written by Oddbjørn Engvold Bozena Czerny, John Lattanzio and Rolf Stabell and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astronomy is the science of everything – with the exception of the Earth and everything on it and inside. Astronomy has a rich heritage dating back to the myths and legends of antiquity and the course of civilization has been greatly affected by mankind’s interpretation of what they saw in the starry sky and experienced through seasonal changes associated with the Sun and Moon. Early astronomy is associated with the definition of calendars which were needed to predict the dates of such as religious festivals and the numbers of months. A gradual shift of emphasis from astronomy to its sister, astrophysics, which took place through the 19th century, is generally attributed to the measurement of reliable stellar distances and the development of spectroscopy as a tool for understanding the physical nature of stars. Many paradigms in astronomy and its many subfields are continuously being shaken. New insights in the intricacy and elegance of the cosmos are steadily being obtained. Every few decennia, our concepts of the Universe are challenged and substantially modified. The reasons for this are the continuous development of new observing techniques and instruments for observatories both ground-based and in space, in addition to considerable progress in mathematics and physics, including computational ability. Our Universe harbors numerous phenomena and processes representing conditions that cannot be duplicated in terrestrial laboratories. Astronomy therefore frequently leads to fundamentally new insight and knowledge far beyond astronomy itself. Last but not least, it represents a first inspiring introduction to natural science, especially among young people, which is an extra motivation to many scientists to contribute to the Astronomy and Astrophysics Theme of this Encyclopedia. The book on Astronomy and Astrophysics with contributions from distinguished experts in the field, represents a first inspiring introduction to natural science, especially among young people, which is an extra motivation to many scientists to contribute to the Astronomy and Astrophysics Theme of this Encyclopedia. The first chapter which treats the development of astronomy and astrophysics in a historical perspective is followed by an account of the impact of astronomy on human culture and civilization. Observational astronomy is facing a number of environmental challenges. The nature and complexity of these and how the associated problems are met and overcome are described in the third article. Various aspects of our solar system are covered by authoritative articles on the Sun, planets including their satellites and smaller bodies, plus a review of the laws of motions and orbits of celestial bodies. The detection and studies of exo-solar planetary systems is rapidly developing field in astronomy which is treated in a separate chapter. Then follow fascinating up-to-date overviews on stars describing their formation, structure and life cycles. Stars are the building blocks of larger cosmic entities leading to the enigmatic galaxies composed of billions of stars, and gradually to clusters of galaxies. The final chapters cover the origin and evolution of galaxies and the large-scale structure of the Universe, including dark matter and dark energy which are among the most fascinating problems of physics today. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Author : Jean-Pierre Lasota
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400716583
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Astronomy at the Frontiers of Science written by Jean-Pierre Lasota and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astronomy is by nature an interdisciplinary activity: it involves mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. Astronomers use (and often develop) the latest technology, the fastest computers and the most refined software. In this book twenty-two leading scientists from nine countries talk about how astronomy interacts with these other sciences. They describe modern instruments used in astronomy and the relations between astronomy and technology, industry, politics and philosophy. They also discuss what it means to be an astronomer, the history of astronomy, and the place of astronomy in society today.
Author : European Space Agency
Publisher : ESA Publications
ISBN 13 : 9789290924890
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (248 download)
Download or read book Cosmic Vision written by European Space Agency and published by ESA Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309157994
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Author : Richard T. Schilizzi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031513746
Total Pages : 645 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)
Download or read book The Square Kilometre Array written by Richard T. Schilizzi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Karel van der Hucht
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521896832
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (968 download)
Download or read book Highlights of Astronomy: Volume 14 written by Karel van der Hucht and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-21 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recording the proceedings of the IAU XXVI General Assembly, this volume of the IAU Highlights of Astronomy covers virtually all aspects of modern astrophysics as discussed by 2400 participants from 73 countries. Notably, the common aspects of astrophysical phenomena known to exist in widely differing interstellar environments is thoroughly examined, providing fertile cross correlation from one specialisation to another. This text highlights the importance of the triennial IAU General Assemblies in bringing together the work of observers and theoreticians in widely different fields, but working towards a common goal: understanding the physics of the Universe. Together with the Proceedings of the IAU Symposia 235-240, this volume examines all of the astrophysics presented at the General Assembly.
Author : Bertrand Zavidovique
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814383295
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)
Download or read book Science written by Bertrand Zavidovique and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept is fundamental in statistics and tailors to the emergence of collective behaviours. Communication then asks for uncertainty considerations - noise, indeterminacy or approximation - and its wider impact on the couple perception-action. Clustering being all about uncertainty handling, data set representation appears not to be the only solution: Introducing hierarchies with adapted metrics, a priori pre-improving the data resolution are other methods in need of evaluation. The technology together with increasing semantics enables to involve synthetic data as simulation results for the multiplication of sources. Part B plays with another couple important for complex systems: state vs. transition. State-first descriptions would characterize physics, while transition-first would fit biology. That could stem from life producing dynamical systems in essence.
Author : Pierre Léna
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030558118
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Astronomy’s Quest for Sharp Images written by Pierre Léna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1960s, astrophysical discoveries have blossomed, due to the emergence of powerful and new observational tools. Among them, a fantastic improvement of the sharpness of astronomical images, obtained with ground based optical telescopes, has been the result of two revolutions: adaptive optics and optical interferometry. Written for a general audience, interwoven with fascinating details about the evolution of vision and optics, this book tells a personal story of these revolutions in observational astronomy, born two centuries ago and blossoming in the past fifty years. With the construction of the Very Large Telescope in Chile, Europe played a leading role where young scientists, joining creative astronomers and engineers, have developed a superb creativity. Today, incredibly sharp images of exoplanetary systems and black hole environments are obtained and reveal new questions about Earth-like objects or fundamental physics. The author has been one of the actors of this adventure. His first-hand testimony is opening the future to new horizons.
Author : Raz Chen-Morris
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 027107731X
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Measuring Shadows written by Raz Chen-Morris and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Measuring Shadows, Raz Chen-Morris demonstrates that a close study of Kepler’s Optics is essential to understanding his astronomical work and his scientific epistemology. He explores Kepler’s radical break from scientific and epistemological traditions and shows how the seventeenth-century astronomer posited new ways to view scientific truth and knowledge. Chen-Morris reveals how Kepler’s ideas about the formation of images on the retina and the geometrics of the camera obscura, as well as his astronomical observations, advanced the argument that physical reality could only be described through artificially produced shadows, reflections, and refractions. Breaking from medieval and Renaissance traditions that insisted upon direct sensory perception, Kepler advocated for instruments as mediators between the eye and physical reality, and for mathematical language to describe motion. It was only through this kind of knowledge, he argued, that observation could produce certainty about the heavens. Not only was this conception of visibility crucial to advancing the early modern understanding of vision and the retina, but it affected how people during that period approached and understood the world around them.
Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215559487
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (594 download)
Download or read book Astronomy and particle physics written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2011-05-13 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science and Technology Committee warns that the UK's prominence in astronomy and particle physics, and its ability to attract and inspire the next generation of scientists in these areas, could be at risk if reduced budgets hit the UK's growth prospects, reputation and expertise. Although science did relatively well in the recent Spending Review, funding for astronomy sees a total reduction of 21% over the next four years compared with 2010-11. More starkly, comparing 2014/15 with 2005, spending in astronomy and particle physics will be around 50% lower than its level six years ago. This is worrying, particularly when set against the planned increased investment in science and innovation by the UK's international peers as part of long-term strategies to ensure economic growth. The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) - the research council which funds research and facility development in astronomy, particle physics and nuclear physics - is risking the UK's ability to stay at the forefront of future developments by focusing its astronomy and particle physics programmes into fewer areas. A case in point is the UK's planned withdrawal from all Northern Hemisphere optical and ground based astronomical facilities, which could see UK leadership and competitive advantage being handed over to international peers. The Committee is also highly critical of past STFC strategies, especially its failure to incorporate into policy documents details of the planned withdrawals. The report also addresses the future of the National Schools Observatory and outreach, which is essential to inspire the next generation of scientists.
Author : Pierre Léna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642218156
Total Pages : 724 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Observational Astrophysics written by Pierre Léna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-11 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ,This is the updated, widely revised, restructured and expanded third edition of Léna et al.'s successful work Observational Astrophysics. It presents a synthesis on tools and methods of observational astrophysics of the early 21st century. Written specifically for astrophysicists and graduate students, this textbook focuses on fundamental and sometimes practical limitations on the ultimate performance that an astronomical system may reach, rather than presenting particular systems in detail. In little more than a decade there has been extraordinary progress in imaging and detection technologies, in the fields of adaptive optics, optical interferometry, in the sub-millimetre waveband, observation of neutrinos, discovery of exoplanets, to name but a few examples. The work deals with ground-based and space-based astronomy and their respective fields. And it also presents the ambitious concepts behind space missions aimed for the next decades. Avoiding particulars, it covers the whole of the electromagnetic spectrum, and provides an introduction to the new forms of astronomy becoming possible with gravitational waves and neutrinos. It also treats numerical aspects of observational astrophysics: signal processing, astronomical databases and virtual observatories.
Author : Massimo Bucciantini
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674425464
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (744 download)
Download or read book Galileo's Telescope written by Massimo Bucciantini and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative exploration of the development of a revolutionary optical device and how it changed the world. Between 1608 and 1610 the canopy of the night sky changed forever, ripped open by an object created almost by accident: a cylinder with lenses at both ends. Galileo’s Telescope tells the story of how an ingenious optical device evolved from a toy-like curiosity into a precision scientific instrument, all in a few years. In transcending the limits of human vision, the telescope transformed humanity’s view of itself and knowledge of the cosmos. Galileo plays a leading—but by no means solo—part in this riveting tale. He shares the stage with mathematicians, astronomers, and theologians from Paolo Sarpi to Johannes Kepler and Cardinal Bellarmine, sovereigns such as Rudolph II and James I, as well as craftsmen, courtiers, poets, and painters. Starting in the Netherlands, where a spectacle-maker created a spyglass with the modest magnifying power of three, the telescope spread like technological wildfire to Venice, Rome, Prague, Paris, London, and ultimately India and China. Galileo’s celestial discoveries—hundreds of stars previously invisible to the naked eye, lunar mountains, and moons orbiting Jupiter—were announced to the world in his revolutionary treatise Sidereus Nuncius. Combining science, politics, religion, and the arts, Galileo’s Telescope rewrites the early history of a world-shattering innovation whose visual power ultimately came to embody meanings far beyond the science of the stars. Praise for Galileo’s Telescope “One of the most fascinating stories in the history of science.” —Mark Archer, The Wall Street Journal “In broad outline, the story of Galileo and the first use of a telescope in astronomy is well known. Bucciantini, Camerota, and Giudice take a new look at this seminal event by focusing on how the news spread across Europe and how it was received. Their well-written narrative examines the central issues using papers, paintings, letters, and other contemporary documents . . . After four centuries [Galileo’s] reputation has been thoroughly vindicated.” —D. E. Hogg, Choice
Author : José Gracia
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642033695
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Jets From Young Stars V written by José Gracia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the complex physical systems of stellar jets necessitates the incorporation of nonlinear effects which occur on a wide variety of length and timescales. One of the primary methods used to study the physics of jets is numerical simulations that apply high performance computing techniques. Such techniques are also required for analysing the huge modern astrophysical datasets. This book examines those computing techniques. It is a collection of the lectures from the fifth and final school of the JETSET network, "Jets From Young Stars V: High Performance Computing in Astrophysics." It begins with an introduction to parallel programming techniques, with an emphasis on Message Passing Interface (MPI), before it goes on to review grid technology techniques and offer a practical introduction to Virtual Observatory. The second half of the book, then, is devoted to applications of high performance computing techniques, including 3D radiation transfer, to jet and star formation processes. Aimed at graduate students in astrophysics, this book presents state-of-the-art methods, thereby offering interesting new insights to researchers in the field.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (228 download)
Download or read book The Messenger written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
