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A Pragmatic Legal Expert System
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Book Synopsis SHYSTER: A Pragmatic Legal Expert System by : James Popple
Download or read book SHYSTER: A Pragmatic Legal Expert System written by James Popple and published by Australian National Univ.. This book was released on 1993-04-29 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most legal expert systems attempt to implement complex models of legal reasoning. But the utility of a legal expert system lies not in the extent to which it simulates a lawyer’s approach to a legal problem, but in the quality of its predictions and of its arguments. A complex model of legal reasoning is not necessary: a successful legal expert system can be based upon a simplified model of legal reasoning. Some researchers have based their systems upon a jurisprudential approach to the law, yet lawyers are patently able to operate without any jurisprudential insight. A useful legal expert system should be capable of producing advice similar to that which one might get from a lawyer, so it should operate at the same pragmatic level of abstraction as does a lawyer—not at the more philosophical level of jurisprudence. A legal expert system called SHYSTER has been developed to demonstrate that a useful legal expert system can be based upon a pragmatic approach to the law. SHYSTER has a simple representation structure which simplifies the problem of knowledge acquisition. Yet this structure is complex enough for SHYSTER to produce useful advice. SHYSTER is a case-based legal expert system (although it has been designed so that it can be linked with a rule-based system to form a hybrid legal expert system). Its advice is based upon an examination of, and an argument about, the similarities and differences between cases. SHYSTER attempts to model the way in which lawyers argue with cases, but it does not attempt to model the way in which lawyers decide which cases to use in those arguments. Instead, it employs statistical techniques to quantify the similarity between cases. It decides which cases to use in argument, and what prediction it will make, on the basis of that similarity measure. SHYSTER is of a general design: it can provide advice in areas of case law that have been specified by a legal expert using a specification language. Hence, it can operate in different legal domains. Four different, and disparate, areas of law have been specified for SHYSTER, and its operation has been tested in each of those domains. Testing of SHYSTER in these four domains indicates that it is exceptionally good at predicting results, and fairly good at choosing cases with which to construct its arguments. SHYSTER demonstrates the viability of a pragmatic approach to legal expert system design.
Book Synopsis A Hybrid Intelligent System Approach to Legal Reasoning by : Pooja Raundale
Download or read book A Hybrid Intelligent System Approach to Legal Reasoning written by Pooja Raundale and published by Mha Publisher. This book was released on 2023-09-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many legal expert systems are dependent on the concept of complex models. They are implemented using these complex models of legal reasoning. The legal expert systems are useful only if they are used by the users. The users of the expert systems are mainly common men, lawyers or any other person who is studying law. The usability of the Expert System predominantly depends on the quality factor of the system. A complex model of legal reasoning is not necessary; a successful legal expert system can be based upon a simplified model of legal reasoning. A useful legal expert system should be capable of producing advice similar to a lawyer, so it should operate at the same way as a lawyer works in his area. A legal expert system called NIRNAY has been developed to demonstrate that a useful legal expert system can be based upon a pragmatic approach to the law. NIRNAY is a Hybrid Intelligent System which uses two methods of reasoning to give the advice to the user of the system. NIRNAY has an Application layer above the two modules. These modules are Case Based Reasoner module and Rule Based Reasoner module. The rule base and case base are used for representation of knowledge about the domain. NIRNAY is a hybrid intelligent system in the sense that its advice is based upon the two methods of reasoning; it uses the Rule Based Reasoning and Case Based Reasoning to produce the advice. The first module i.e. RBR module checks the validity of the contract and the argument is produced by the CBR module for Breach of Building Contract, an argument, about the similarities and differences between cases. NIRNAY tries to use the way in which lawyers argue with cases. It also attempts to use the way in which lawyers decide which cases to use in the arguments. It makes use of 'similarity measure' to find the similarity between the cases. It decides which cases to use in argument, and what prediction it will make, on the basis of that similarity measure. NIRNAY is tested for both the modules and it indicates that it is exceptionally good at predicting results, and fairly good at choosing cases with which to construct its arguments. NIRNAY demonstrates the viability of a pragmatic approach to legal expert system design.
Book Synopsis A Pragmatic Legal Expert System by : James Popple
Download or read book A Pragmatic Legal Expert System written by James Popple and published by Dartmouth (Ashgate). This book was released on 1996-05-21 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most legal expert systems attempt to implement complex models of legal reasoning. This book argues that a complex model is unnecessary. It advocates a simpler, pragmatic approach in which the utility of a legal expert system is evaluated by reference, not to the extent to which it simulates a lawyer's approach to a legal problem, but to the quality of its predictions and of its arguments. The author describes the development of a legal expert system, called SHYSTER, which takes a pragmatic approach to case law. He discusses the testing of SHYSTER in four different and disparate areas of case law, and draws conclusions about the advantages and limitations of this approach to legal expert system development. Chapter 1 presents a critical analysis of previous work of relevance to the development of legal expert systems. Chapter 2 explains the pragmatic approach that was adopted in the development of SHYSTER. The implementation of SHYSTER is detailed using examples in chapter 3. Chapter 4 describes the testing of SHYSTER, and conclusions are drawn from those tests in chapter 5. Examples of SHYSTER's output are provided in appendices.
Book Synopsis Expert Systems in Law by : Richard E. Susskind
Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by Richard E. Susskind and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert systems are computer systems that engage in legal reasoning by assisting general legal practitioners in solving legal problems beyond their range of knowledge or expertise. This book is a comprehensive investigation of expert systems in law. Susskind uses jurisprudence throughout the book to articulate the presuppositions and limitations of building such systems, and to provide sound practical guidance for their design.
Book Synopsis Legal Expert Systems by : Tina Smith
Download or read book Legal Expert Systems written by Tina Smith and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Expert Systems and Case Law by : Uri J. Schild
Download or read book Expert Systems and Case Law written by Uri J. Schild and published by Ellis Horwood. This book was released on 1992 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailing the difficulties of building expert systems for case law, this study examines two actual, implemented systems and describes how they provide only a partial answer to the problem. The author suggests areas where there could be considerable improvements.
Book Synopsis Expert Systems in Law by : Herbert Fiedler
Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by Herbert Fiedler and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Expert Systems in Law by : Alan Tyree
Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by Alan Tyree and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A history of legal informatics by : Paliwala, Abdul
Download or read book A history of legal informatics written by Paliwala, Abdul and published by Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El volumen 9 de la LEFIS Series celebra el 25 aniversario de BILETA (British & Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). En él, estudiosos internacionales pioneros en Informática y Derecho procedentes de universidades australianas, británicas, estadounidenses, holandesas, noruegas y españolas analizan los éxitos y desafíos en la aplicación de las tecnologías de información al Derecho y a la práctica legal.
Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Computerised Lawyer by : Philip Leith
Download or read book The Computerised Lawyer written by Philip Leith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Computerised Lawyer provides a comprehensive introduction to the technology and application of computers in law. Over the last 5 years it has become increasingly recognised that the skills associated with new technology are so important that proficie ncy in the field is now being viewed as an integral element in the education and skills development of all law students. New curriculums are being developed which incorporate the issues discussed in this book, and professionals will find the text useful and highly relevant. This book fulfils the need for a textbook which, whilst assuming no prior knowledge of computing, manages to cover all the key issues associated with information technology and its relevance to legal issues and practice. Philip Leith and Amanda Hoey have completely rewritten the first edition of this book to bring the reader an up-to-date text that will be important to everyone working with computers in law.
Book Synopsis Expert Systems in Law by : Richard E. Susskind
Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by Richard E. Susskind and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert systems are computer systems that engage in legal reasoning by solving legal problems beyond the general legal practitioners' range of knowledge or expertise. This comprehensive investigation of expert systems in law uses jurisprudence to articulate the presuppositions and limitations of building such systems, and provides practical guidance for their design.
Book Synopsis SHYSTER: The Program by : James Popple
Download or read book SHYSTER: The Program written by James Popple and published by Australian National Univ.. This book was released on 1995-04-30 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides fully commented and indexed listings of the ISO C source code for the SHYSTER legal expert system.
Book Synopsis Applied Intelligent Systems by : John Fulcher
Download or read book Applied Intelligent Systems written by John Fulcher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-05-05 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This carefully edited book presents examples of the successful application of Intelligent Systems techniques to practical problems. The invited contributions, written by international experts in their respective fields, clearly demonstrate what can be achieved when AI systems are used to solve real-world problems. The book covers the field of applied intelligent systems with a broad and deep selection of topics, such as object recognition, robotics, satellite weather prediction, or economics with an industrial focus. This book will be of interest to researchers interested in applied intelligent systems/AI, as well as to engineers and programmers in industry.
Download or read book Law on Display written by Neal Feigenson and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2011-05-13 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual and multimedia digital technologies are transforming the practice of law: how lawyers construct and argue their cases, present evidence to juries, and communicate with each other. They are also changing how law is disseminated throughout and used by the general public. What are these technologies, how are they used and perceived in the courtroom and in wider culture, and how do they affect legal decision making? In this comprehensive survey and analysis of how new visual technologies are transforming both the practice and culture of American law, Neal Feigenson and Christina Spiesel explain how, when, and why legal practice moved from a largely words-only environment to one more dependent on and driven by images, and how rapidly developing technologies have further accelerated this change. They discuss older visual technologies, such as videotape evidence, and then current and future uses of visual and multimedia digital technologies, including trial presentation software and interactive multimedia. They also describe how law itself is going online, in the form of virtual courts, cyberjuries, and more, and explore the implications of law’s movement to computer screens. Throughout Law on Display, the authors illustrate their analysis with examples from a wide range of actual trials.
Book Synopsis Conflict Resolution and its Context by : Davide Carneiro
Download or read book Conflict Resolution and its Context written by Davide Carneiro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies how technological solutions can be used to alleviate the current state of legal systems, with their clogged up courtrooms and inefficient conflict resolution methods. It reviews the shortcomings and disadvantages of traditional and alternative conflict resolution methods and turns to Artificial Intelligence for problem-solving techniques and solutions. The book is divided into four parts. The first part presents a general and systematic analysis of the current state of the legal systems, identifying the main problems and their causes. It then moves on to present UM Court: a framework for testing and prototyping conflict resolution services. This framework was developed with the objective of using Artificial Intelligence techniques to build a service environment for conflict resolution. The third part of the book takes a step into the future by analyzing the use of Intelligent Environments in the support of conflict management and resolution. It describes the approach taken and the experiments performed in the Intelligent Systems Lab of the University of Minho. The final part of the book contains the conclusions and shows the potential advantages of the use of Intelligent Environments as a way to implement better conflict resolution procedures (virtual or real), in which all the participants have access to more and better information and are able to take better informed decisions.
Book Synopsis Handbook on International Sports Law by : James A. R. Nafziger
Download or read book Handbook on International Sports Law written by James A. R. Nafziger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite taking a wide variety of forms, sport is universal. Circumstances and events generating legal issues in sport are similarly universal, but sport operates under many legal systems worldwide. Fragmentation and inconsistency in legal outcomes often result. This innovative collection of essays by leading scholars of sports law addresses a gap in the literature. It advances understanding of how different legal systems respond to common issues and offers insights into the developing international system of sports law. Researchers will find this book of inescapable assistance and interest. Hayden Opie, Melbourne Law School, Australia Nafziger and Ross have provided an enormously useful collection of incisive and integrating essays that cover the gamut of important issues in the emerging field of international sport law. Andrew Zimbalist, Smith College, US This Handbook presents a comprehensive collection of essays by leading scholars and practitioners in the burgeoning field of international sports law. The authors address significant legal issues on two gradually converging tracks: the mainstream institutional framework of the law, primarily the International Olympic Committee, international sports federations, regional and national sports authority, and the Court of Arbitration for Sport; and the commercial sports industry. Topics include the institutional structure; fundamental issues, legal principles and decisions within those institutions; mediation, arbitration and litigation of disputes; doping, gambling and the expanding use of technology in competition; athlete eligibility requirements; discrimination; and protection of athletes. The book also covers a broad range of commercial issues related to competition law and labor markets; media, image, and intellectual property rights; event sponsorships; and players' agents. Comparative analyses of young sports models and practices in North America, Europe and elsewhere supplement the general theme of international sports law. This major collection of essays on some of the most controversial, cutting-edge issues in international sports law, will be a captivating read for academics and students of sports law, sports management, international law and comparative law, as well as practicing lawyers and players agents. Senior executives and other professionals in the sports industry will also find much to interest them in this well-documented Handbook.
