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A Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Enhanced Open Loop Air Based Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Bipv T Systems
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Book Synopsis A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Enhanced Open-Loop Air-Based Building-integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) Systems by : Tingting Yang
Download or read book A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Enhanced Open-Loop Air-Based Building-integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) Systems written by Tingting Yang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates air-based building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) systems. A building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system converts solar energy into electricity and useful heat, while also serving as the functional exterior layer of the building envelope and thereby achieving the design of net-zero energy buildings. A comprehensive literature survey of a variety of BIPV/T systems points out the need to develop enhanced air-based BIPV/T systems with aesthetical and mechanical requirements taken into account. This thesis examines improved designs of open-loop air-based BIPV/T systems both numerically and experimentally. A BIPV/T design with two inlets was proposed and a prototype using custom-made frameless PV modules was constructed for feasibility validation. The experiments were performed using a solar irradiance simulator and included testing under varying irradiance levels, flow rates and wind speeds. Experimental results validated that the two-inlet BIPV/T concept improved thermal efficiency by 5% compared to a conventional single-inlet system. Detailed BIPV/T channel air temperature measurements showed that the mixing of the warm outlet air from the first section and the cool ambient air drawn in from the second inlet contributes to the improved performance of the two-inlet system. The heat transfer characteristics in the BIPV/T channel between air and PV panel was studied through the development of Nusselt number correlations. Comparative tests were also conducted on a prototype using opaque mono-crystalline PV modules and a prototype using semi-transparent mono-crystalline PV modules. Results showed that applying semi-transparent PV modules (with 80% module area covered by solar cells) in BIPV/T systems increased thermal efficiency (ratio between the thermal energy recovered by the channel air and solar energy incident on the upper surface of PV) by up to 7.6% compared to opaque ones, particularly when combined with multiple inlets. A variation of this two-inlet BIPV/T design that includes a vertical solar air heater embedded with a packing material (wire mesh) was presented and analyzed. The additional solar air heater receives high amount of solar energy during the winter period when solar altitude is low, enabling the outlet air to be heated to a higher temperature. A lumped parameter thermal network model of this BIPV/T system was verified using experimental data obtained for a single-inlet BIPV/T prototype. Simulation results indicate that the application of two inlets on a BIPV/T collector increases thermal efficiency by about 5% and increases electrical efficiency marginally. An added vertical glazed solar air collector improves the thermal efficiency by about 8%, and the improvement is more significant with wire mesh packing in the collector by an increase of about 10%. A case study is performed using this lumped thermal model and showed that the thermal efficiency of a BIPV/T roof of an existing solar house is improved by 7% with four air inlets. In conclusion, this thesis presents validated models for the design of open-loop BIPV/T air systems with multiple inlets and possibly semi-transparent PV covers.
Book Synopsis Cold Climate HVAC 2018 by : Dennis Johansson
Download or read book Cold Climate HVAC 2018 written by Dennis Johansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the proceedings of the 9th Cold Climate HVAC conference, which was held in Kiruna, Sweden in 2018. The conference highlighted key technologies and processes that allow scientists, designers, engineers, manufacturers and other decision makers in cold climate regions to achieve good indoor environmental quality (IEQ) with a minimum use of energy and other resources. The conference addressed various technical, economic and social aspects of buildings and HVAC systems in new and renovated buildings. This proceedings volume gathers peer-reviewed papers by a diverse and international range of authors and showcases perspectives and practices in cold climate building design from around the globe. The following major aspects, which include both fundamental and theoretical research as well as applications and case studies, are covered: (1) Energy and power efficiency and low-energy buildings; (2) Renovating buildings; (3) Efficient HVAC components; (4) Heat pumps and geothermal systems; (5) Municipal and city energy systems; (6) Construction management; (7) Buildings in operation; (8) Building simulation; (9) Reference data; (10) Transdisciplinary connections and social aspects; (11) Indoor environments and health; (12) Moisture safety and water damage; (13) Codes, regulations, standards and policies; and (14) Other aspects of buildings in cold climates.
Book Synopsis Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Building-integrated Photovoltaic-thermal Systems by : Liang Liao
Download or read book Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Building-integrated Photovoltaic-thermal Systems written by Liang Liao and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a numerical and experimental study of a building-integrated photovoltaic-thermal (BIPV/T) system in Concordia University, which generates both electricity and thermal energy. A 2-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to study the air dynamics and thermal behavior inside the BIPV thermal system and develop relationships for convective heat transfer coefficients. A 2-D k- turbulent model is used in the FLUENT program to simulate the turbulent flow and convective heat transfer in the cavity, in addition to the buoyancy effect. Longwave radiation between boundary surfaces is also modeled. Experimental measurements taken in a full scale outdoor test facility at Concordia University are in good agreement with the 2-D CFD model. Velocity and temperature profiles for various average air velocities are predicted and compared with experimental data. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is employed to investigate the velocity profile. Average and local convective heat transfer coefficients are generated for the system.
Book Synopsis Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems by : Basant Agrawal
Download or read book Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems written by Basant Agrawal and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes recent developments in PV technologies, the solar radiation available on the earth, various BIPVT systems and their applications, energy and exergy analysis, carbondioxide migration and credit earned, life cycle cost analysis and life cycle conversion efficiency.
Book Synopsis Modelling and Evaluation of the Performance of Building-integrated Open Loop Air-based Photovoltaic/thermal Systems by : Luis Miguel Candanedo Ibarra
Download or read book Modelling and Evaluation of the Performance of Building-integrated Open Loop Air-based Photovoltaic/thermal Systems written by Luis Miguel Candanedo Ibarra and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal Systems (BIPV/T) systems are photovoltaic installations incorporated as the exterior layer of the building envelope with the additional function of recovering thermal energy, which can then be used for space heating, domestic water heating and possibly for cooling. Some advantages of a BIPV/T system over an autonomous PV array include lower installation costs due to the replacement of cladding material, elimination of extra support structures and reduced electrical transmission losses. In addition, recovering the heat from the photovoltaic panels cools them and thus improves their electrical efficiency. Due to the novelty of BIPV/T systems, there is a need for the measurement of convective heat transfer coefficients and development of correlations for their prediction. The development of an integrated energy model, including correlations for the prediction of convective heat transfer coefficients in BIPV/T systems was one of the main objectives of this thesis. Accurate measurements of convective heat transfer coefficients have been carried out for two open loop BIPV/T configurations: smooth and ribbed. The BIPV/T systems were tested at 30°-45° tilt angles and had a length/hydraulic diameter ratio of 38 which is representative of roof applications. It was found that for the BIPV/T ribbed case, the calculated Nusselt numbers are on average 2.6 times higher than the Nusselt numbers predicted by the Dittus-Boelter correlation. Pressure drop measurements were performed for the two configurations and the results are presented in terms of the Darcy friction factors and compared to the Blasius equation. For both cases, the friction factors are higher compared to the ones predicted by the Blasius equation. Previous existing electrical photovoltaic models have been used to couple their features to the lumped parameter thermal network modelling approach used in this thesis. Two thermal network models, steady state and transient, have been developed in this work and validated against experimental data. The steady state model is useful for a quick evaluation of the thermal/electrical performance, while the transient model gives a more accurate representation of the system by considering the thermal storage capacity of the materials. Finally, conclusions and general recommendations and guidelines for the design and construction of BIVP/T systems are provided.
Book Synopsis Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems by : Huiming Yin
Download or read book Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems written by Huiming Yin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-26 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems: Fundamentals, Designs, and Applications presents various applications, system designs, manufacturing, and installation techniques surrounding how to build integrated photovoltaics. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of all system components, long-term performance and testing, and the commercialization of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) systems. By addressing potential obstacles with current photovoltaic (PV) systems, such as efficiency bottlenecks and product heat harvesting, the authors not only cover the fundamentals and design philosophy of the BIPVT technology, but also introduce a hybrid system for building integrated thermal electric roofing. Topics covered in Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal Systems are useful for scientists and engineers in the fields of photovoltaics, electrical and civil engineering, materials science, sustainable energy harvesting, solar energy, and renewable energy production. Contains system integration methods supported by industry developments Includes real-life examples and functional projects as case studies for comparison Covers system design challenges, offering unique solutions
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Thermal and Fluid Dynamical Behavior of Flows in Open-ended Channels by : Estibaliz Sanvicente
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Thermal and Fluid Dynamical Behavior of Flows in Open-ended Channels written by Estibaliz Sanvicente and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among technologies capable to produce electricity locally without contributing to GHG releases, building integrated PV systems (BIPV) could be major contributor. However, when exposed to intense solar radiation, the temperature of PV modules increase significantly, leading to a reduction in efficiency so that only about 14% of the incident radiation is converted into electrical energy. The high temperature also decrease the life of the modules, thereby making passive cooling of the PV components through natural convection a desirable and cost-effective means of overcoming both difficulties. An experimental investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of natural convection of air in vertical and inclined open-ended heated channels is therefore undertaken so as provide reliable information for the design of BIPV. Two experimental set ups were developed and used during the present investigations; one located at the CETHIL laboratory in Lyon, the F-device and the other located at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, the R-device. Both channels consisted of two wide parallel plates each of which could be subjected to controlled uniform or non-uniform heat fluxes. The investigation has been conducted by analyzing the mean wall temperatures, measured by thermocouples and mean velocity profiles and turbulent quantity distributions of the flow, measured with a PIV system. Flow patterns close to the heated faces were also investigated. The study is particularly focused on the transition region from laminar to turbulent flow. Three different heating geometric arrangements are examined in the modified Rayleigh number range from 3.86 x 105 to 6.22 x 106. The first is a vertical channel with one wall uniformly heated while the other was unheated, the second was a vertical channel in which both walls were non-uniformly heated and the third is an inclined channel uniformly heated from above. In the vertical configurations the width-to-height channel aspect ratio was fixed at 1:15 and in the inclined ones at 1:16. It is shown that the flow is very sensitivity to disturbances emanating from the ambient conditions. Moreover, the propagation of vortical structures and unsteadiness in the flow channel which are necessary to enhance heat transfer, occurred downstream of the mid-channel section at Ra* = 3.5 x 106 for uniformly and asymmetrically heated channels inclined between 60° and 90° to the horizontal. Indeed, these unsteady flow phenomena appears upstream the location of the inflexion point observed in the temperature excess distribution of the heated wall. In the case of non-uniform heating on both sides of the channel, a stronger 'disruption mechanism' exists, which leads to enhanced mixing and increased Reynolds stresses over most of the width of the channel. Empirical correlations of average Nusselt number as a function of modified Rayleigh number were obtained for each configuration.
Book Synopsis Multiple-inlet Building Integrated Photovoltaics by : Efstratios-Dimitrios Rounis
Download or read book Multiple-inlet Building Integrated Photovoltaics written by Efstratios-Dimitrios Rounis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air-based, open loop Building Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems have proven to be an efficient means for generating renewable energy. They produce electrical energy, converting part of the incident solar radiation, and recover part of that radiation that turns to heat, while acting as the outer shell of the building. However, for the typical BIPV/T design with air entering at the bottom of the installation, flowing within a continuous air channel and exiting at the outlet of the system high PV temperatures may still occur. This is due to the fact that as air moves inside the air channel it accumulates heat and the heat exchange efficiency between the PV panels and the flowing air drops along the flow path of the air channel. In large building integrated PV installations, high PV temperatures may lead to quicker PV panel degradation, as well as lower electrical efficiency. A multiple-inlet BIPV/T system aims to increased heat extraction from the PV panels, with the introduction of several intakes of fresh air along the height of the installation. This may lead to lower and more uniform PV temperatures, enhanced PV panel durability and higher electrical and thermal performance. This study presents the development of a methodology for the modelling and design of multiple-inlet systems, as well as a numerical study of such a system. The modelling component consists of two aspects, namely, the fluid mechanics and the energy balance of the system. A flow model was developed, based on flow networking techniques, in order to assess the inlet flow distributions. The flow model incorporates wind effects in the form of exterior pressures, acquired through wind tunnel testing. The inlet flow distributions were used in a modified energy balance model that accounts for the flow conditions of the inlets and the air channels of the system. This was an improvement on the assumption of uniform flow from all the openings of the system, which has been common in the limited number of studies of multiple-inlet systems so far. The developed models were applied for the numerical investigation of variations of multiple-inlet BIPV/T systems for a potential retrofit project on an office building in Montreal. The investigation was carried out assuming summer and winter conditions, as well as several cases of wind direction and velocity. A multiple-inlet system with optimized geometric features of the inlets was found have up to 1% higher electrical efficiency and 14% to 25% higher thermal efficiency than that of a single-inlet system, also resulting in lower and more uniform PV operating temperatures. The latter can be a crucial factor for the durability of large building integrated PV installations.
Book Synopsis Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Optimum Applications of the Shading-type BIPV and BIPVT Systems on Vertical Building Facades by : Liangliang Sun
Download or read book Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Optimum Applications of the Shading-type BIPV and BIPVT Systems on Vertical Building Facades written by Liangliang Sun and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Secondly, in order to further improve the energy performance of the BIPV system, a quasi 3D dynamic simulation model was developed to evaluate the energy performance of the BIPVT hot water system under natural circulation. A test rig was set up and calibrated for this study. An experimental study was carried out in the solar simulation lab of the Department of the Building Services Engineering and the predicted results were then compared with experimental data to evaluate the numerical simulation accuracy. The experimental measurements taken in the full scale indoor test facility are in good agreement with the predicted results. In addition, the influence of the configuration parameters of the BIPVT module has been analyzed. The simulation results show that the configuration parameters of the BIPVT module should be optimized to maximize its energy performance. The fact is that a little change of the configuration parameters of the BIPVT module can significantly increase the energy performance of the PV module, especially the thermal efficiency of the BIPVT module. At last, a building-integrated photovoltaic-thermal (BIPVT) energy system designed for a flat of two residents is proposed for generating electricity and producing hot water from vertical facade of high-rise residential buildings in Hong Kong. The annual hourly energy performance simulation of the system was conducted on the basis of dynamic heat transfer analysis and the typical meteorological year (TMY) weather data of Hong Kong. The simulation results obtained from a case study indicate that the proposed BIPVT hot water system can effectively increase the total energy benefits compared with a photovoltaic (PV) system integrated on vertical building facades. When the BIPVT modules are connected in series, the electrical energy efficiency, thermal energy efficiency and combined energy efficiency of the BIPVT system are, respectively, 10.0%, 34.9% and 44.9%. Such a system can offer 82.3% of the annual hot water supply to the flat in a year. The proposed system is found to be suitable for vertical facade of high-rise residential buildings in Hong Kong so that the problem of limited roof area in a high-rise building can be solved for solar energy application in a density urban area like Hong Kong.
Book Synopsis Design Methodology and Experimental Investigation of a Multiple-Inlet BIPV/T System in a Curtain Wall Facade Assembly and Roof Application by : Olesia Kruglov
Download or read book Design Methodology and Experimental Investigation of a Multiple-Inlet BIPV/T System in a Curtain Wall Facade Assembly and Roof Application written by Olesia Kruglov and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technologies are becoming a competitive alternative to traditional claddings as the building industry looks toward renewables for local energy sources. An advancement of the BIPV is the building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system, which harvests excess heat produced by the photovoltaic panels and transfers it to a medium for useful energy. For application on large scale facades, air-based BIPV/T systems can be used in low temperature applications. However, due to a lack of installation and maintenance guidelines as well as insufficient performance standardization, both technologies have yet to experience widespread implementation. Additionally, tools for determining potential energy generation during the early design phase are complex and not readily available. This thesis provides a discussion, analysis and comparison of recent advancements in BIPV and BIPV/T systems in order to assess architectural and energy performance considerations for full facade integration. A BIPV/T design methodology was developed based on the investigation of three novel case studies involving both roof and facade applications. Issues of constructability, building envelope requirements, material compatibility, and maintenance were addressed. Subsequently, guidelines for a BIPV/T performance standard were suggested. Linking this research to the established criteria of current building practices, a BIPV/T prototype was constructed, adopting a conventional curtain wall frame. Base characterization testing was conducted at the Solar Simulator and Environmental Chamber (SSEC) testing facility at Concordia University to assess the prototype's electrical and thermal performance. Three different flow rates, the use of single or multiple inlets, and two different transparencies of photovoltaic modules were investigated for their effect on system performance. Results from the preliminary testing showed that the use of multiple inlets may increase the thermal output by up to 18%, decrease the peak photovoltaic (PV) temperatures by up to 3°C, and marginally increase the electrical output. While the experiments were a first step in confirming prototype functionality and for model verification purposes, there is a need to further explore the optimization of this design and its application on building typologies through simulation.
Book Synopsis Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems by : Ali H. A. Al-Waeli
Download or read book Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems written by Ali H. A. Al-Waeli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most up-to-date information on hybrid solar cell and solar thermal collectors, which are commonly referred to as Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) systems. PV/T systems convert solar radiation into thermal and electrical energy to produce electricity, utilize more of the solar spectrum, and save space by combining the two structures to cover lesser area than two systems separately. Research in this area is growing rapidly and is highlighted within this book. The most current methods and techniques available to aid in overall efficiency, reduce cost and improve modeling and system maintenance are all covered. In-depth chapters present the background and basic principles of the technology along with a detailed review of the most current literature. Moreover, the book details design criteria for PV/T systems including residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Provides an objective and decisive source for the supporters of green and renewable source of energy Discusses and evaluates state-of-the-art PV/T system designs Proposes and recommends potential designs for future research on this topic
Book Synopsis Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Designs for Commercial and Institutional Structures: A Sourcebook for Architects by :
Download or read book Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Designs for Commercial and Institutional Structures: A Sourcebook for Architects written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Energy Analysis of Photovoltaic Thermal System Integrated with Roof and HVAC System by : Sasa Pantic
Download or read book Energy Analysis of Photovoltaic Thermal System Integrated with Roof and HVAC System written by Sasa Pantic and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation of a Solar Air-Based Façade-Integrated Decentralized System for Retrofits by : Edvinas Bigaila
Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of a Solar Air-Based Façade-Integrated Decentralized System for Retrofits written by Edvinas Bigaila and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a significant amount of research on air-based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collectors. However, the installed area of all air-based solar thermal systems is only 1% compared to all solar thermal systems installed. With open-loop mechanically ventilated air-based building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) collectors, the silicon based photovoltaic panels can be operated at close to optimal power production levels all year long, without overheating in summer. In efficient, highly insulated and airtight buildings, requirements for fresh air are higher, thus solar air collectors integrated with high efficient envelopes and HVAC systems are an important part of a highly efficient building. This thesis is focused on development of a BIPV design methodology for solar façade applications in building envelope retrofit projects with BIPV, BIPV/T, STPV (semitransparent photovoltaics), BIPV shading devices and double skin façades with BIPV glazing. A BIPV/T assisted heat pump system and a radiant panel with short term phase change thermal storage with PCM (RPCMP) is also studied as a potential retrofit system. The retrofit methodology is applied to a case study office building, demonstrating that the solar façade application can contribute to energy consumption reduction in perimeter zones by up to 84%. Cases with the most promising techno-economic results demonstrate the possibility to reach energy consumption reductions by up to 56%. The most promising case selection was done using the proposed methodology employing the Net Present Value/Investment ratio over the energy savings cost ratio. Different design options are shown to be feasible for different climatic regions of Canada. A model with Simulink/Matlab was developed for design, optimization and operational performance studies of a novel concept for a prefabricated façade module, which consists of an air-based building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) solar collector assisting a small scale decentralized exhaust heat pump integrated in or linked to façade in which heating of a perimeter zone in an office building is supplied through a radiant panel. Fresh air could be supplied by an air-based BIPV/T system in a displacement ventilation mode and extracted through central exhaust or decentralized heat recovery ventilator. With the developed model annual simulations for Prairies climate, show that there is a potential to reach net-zero energy targets for the perimeter zone with this solution. The model for the perimeter zone studies was incorporated into the existing Simulink toolbox CARNOT (2017) for future work on the system and control optimization.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation of a Ventilated Building Integrated Photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) Envelope by : Syamimi Saadon
Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of a Ventilated Building Integrated Photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) Envelope written by Syamimi Saadon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand of energy consumed by human kind has been growing significantly over the past 30 years. Therefore, various actions are taken for the development of renewable energy and in particular solar energy. Many technological solutions have then been proposed, such as solar PV/T collectors whose objective is to improve the PV panels performance by recovering the heat lost with a heat removal fluid. The research for the improvement of the thermal and electrical productivities of these components has led to the gradual integration of the solar components into building in order to improve their absorbing area. Among technologies capable to produce electricity locally without con-tributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) releases is building integrated PV systems (BIPV). However, when exposed to intense solar radiation, the temperature of PV modules increases significantly, leading to a reduction in efficiency so that only about 14% of the incident radiation is converted into electrical energy. The high temperature also decreases the life of the modules, thereby making passive cooling of the PV components through natural convection a desirable and cost-effective means of overcoming both difficulties. A numerical model of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of natural convection of air is therefore undertaken so as to provide reliable information for the design of BIPV. A simplified numerical model is used to model the PVT collector so as to gain an understanding of the complex processes involved in cooling of integrated photovoltaic arrays in double-skin building surfaces. This work addresses the numerical simulation of a semi-transparent, ventilated PV façade designed for cooling in summer (by natural convection) and for heat recovery in winter (by mechanical ventilation). For both configurations, air in the cavity between the two building skins (photovoltaic façade and the primary building wall) is heated by transmission through transparent glazed sections, and by convective and radiative exchange. The system is simulated with the aid of a reduced-order multi-physics model adapted to a full scale arrangement operating under real conditions and developed for the TRNSYS software environment. Validation of the model and the subsequent simulation of a building-coupled system are then presented, which were undertaken using experimental data from the RESSOURCES project (ANR-PREBAT 2007). This step led, in the third chapter to the calculation of the heating and cooling needs of a simulated building and the investigation of impact of climatic variations on the system performance. The results have permitted finally to perform the exergy and exergoeconomic analysis.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of a Façade-integrated Photovoltaic/thermal System with Unglazed Transpired Collector by : James Bambara
Download or read book Experimental Study of a Façade-integrated Photovoltaic/thermal System with Unglazed Transpired Collector written by James Bambara and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Numerical and Experimental Study for Generation of Electric and Thermal Power with Photovoltaic Modules Embedded in Building Façade by : Himanshu Dehra
Download or read book A Numerical and Experimental Study for Generation of Electric and Thermal Power with Photovoltaic Modules Embedded in Building Façade written by Himanshu Dehra and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost effectiveness of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems is improved when they are integrated in the building envelope because a separate support and framing structure is not required. This thesis studies the performance of a façade section with PV modules forming the exterior façade layer and air being drawn into the façade behind the panels with the aid of a fan. The overall energy efficiency of the system may further be improved by passing outdoor air behind them to cool them and using this heated air in the building HVAC system. An added benefit of cooling the PV module with outside air is improvement of electrical conversion efficiency. A two-dimensional network model with control volume finite difference method (CVFDM) is developed. Two-dimensional nodal equations are developed for PV module, air and back panel control volumes. The upwind differencing scheme is used to obtain the control volume equations for the air control volumes. Automatic formulation of the thermal network equations is also presented. Solution results from two-dimensional CVFDM are compared with a one-dimensional analytical solution. Experimental study is done in PV module test section in an outdoor test room. Current-voltage characteristics of PV modules are established with indoor solar simulator prior to their installation in an outdoor test room. Good agreement is obtained between one-dimensional, two-dimensional network model and experimental results.
