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A New Cobalt On Aluminum Catalyst And Nmr Study Of Ethylene Incorporation Into Fischer Tropsch Products
Download A New Cobalt On Aluminum Catalyst And Nmr Study Of Ethylene Incorporation Into Fischer Tropsch Products full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online A New Cobalt On Aluminum Catalyst And Nmr Study Of Ethylene Incorporation Into Fischer Tropsch Products ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis A New Cobalt on Aluminum Catalyst and NMR Study of Ethylene Incorporation Into Fischer-Tropsch Products by : Livius Timothy Percy
Download or read book A New Cobalt on Aluminum Catalyst and NMR Study of Ethylene Incorporation Into Fischer-Tropsch Products written by Livius Timothy Percy and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Studying the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Alumina Support Cobalt Base Catalyst in Fixed Bed Reactor by : Adnan Khalil Oues
Download or read book Studying the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Alumina Support Cobalt Base Catalyst in Fixed Bed Reactor written by Adnan Khalil Oues and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Fischer-Tropsch catalyst composed of cobalt supported on alumina was prepared. This catalyst was cobalt/alumina (Co/AL2 O3 ). The physical characterization of the catalyst was conducted using surface area analysis through the BET method, and particle size analysis. Fischer-Tropsch experiments were conducted in a fixed bed reactor. A flow rate of 100sml/min was selected based experimentally. Two temperatures were 330, and 350°C, and three different pressures as follows 145, 217.6, and 290 psig. The results were evaluated and studied based on conversion of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in addition to selectivity of products.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Studies of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Over Iron, Nickel, and Nickel Cobalt Catalysts (Japan) by : Shiro Watanabe
Download or read book Bench-scale Studies of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Over Iron, Nickel, and Nickel Cobalt Catalysts (Japan) written by Shiro Watanabe and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Fischer-Tropsch Reaction Over Ti-Modified Cobalt Catalysts by : Andrew Ronald Raub
Download or read book The Fischer-Tropsch Reaction Over Ti-Modified Cobalt Catalysts written by Andrew Ronald Raub and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents research done to investigate the promoter effects of small amounts of titanium oxides (TiOx) on unsupported cobalt metal catalysts for the atmospheric pressure Fischer-Tropsch (CO+H2) reaction. It is known that cobalt catalysts with TiO2 supports can have their performance for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction enhanced due to interactions between cobalt metal and the support. Small TiOx species can migrate onto the surface of metal particles during reductive treatment, termed the "strong metal-support interaction" (SMSI). Interactions between TiOx species and the cobalt metal are expected to influence its catalytic behavior. Techniques were developed to create unsupported cobalt metal catalysts dosed with controlled amounts of TiOx via oxalate precursors. By eliminating the presence of a supporting material, interactions between cobalt metal and TiOx could be focused on. This is the first time that TiOx alone has been studied as a promoter species in controlled amounts over an unsupported cobalt catalyst for the atmospheric pressure CO+H2 reaction.Steady state and chemical transient kinetic (CTK) reaction studies revealed that very small amounts of Ti (~1-2 atom%, relative to cobalt) induce changes in the catalyst structure and product selectivity. The addition of TiOx to the cobalt resulted in increased selectivity toward alkenes and suppression of CH4 and C2H6 that persisted over long reaction times. When TiOx is present, CTK measurements revealed the presence of surface intermediates that are absent over pure cobalt and react with different kinetics to form chain lengthened hydrocarbons. Estimated carbon amounts on the catalyst surfaces showed ~3 carbon atoms/cobalt metal site for pure cobalt catalysts, and ~5-6 carbon atoms/cobalt metal site for Ti-modified cobalt catalysts. General observations made about formation and decay behavior for hydrocarbon products during CTK studies were in good agreement with those obtained for similar work done on CoMgO and CoMnOx catalysts. Suggestions for the direction of future work on Ti-modified cobalt catalysts are made at the end of this dissertation.Some effort has also been spent on using methyl formate, which can be considered a liquid form of syngas, to produce chain lengthened hydrocarbons using CoMnTi catalysts. This ternary catalyst composition was selected due to its industrial relevance. Some transient kinetic studies were performed but turned out challenging to interpret due to the complexity of parallel decomposition pathways for methyl formate. In view of the complexity of the CoMnTi catalyst composition, it was deemed important to first focus on the CoTi case as a prerequisite for studying more complicated catalyst formulations.
Book Synopsis Catalytic Conversions of Synthesis Gas and Alcohols to Chemicals by : Richard G. Herman
Download or read book Catalytic Conversions of Synthesis Gas and Alcohols to Chemicals written by Richard G. Herman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the papers contained in this volume are based on pres entations made at the symposium on Catalytic Conversions of Synthesis Gas and Alcohols to Chemicals, which was held at the 17th Middle At lantic Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, April 6-8, 1983, in the setting of the Pocono Hershey Resort, White Haven, PA. I thank Dr. Ned D. Heindel, General Chairman, and Dr. Natalie Foster, Program Chairman, both of Lehigh University, for the invitation to organize the symposium. Financial support was received from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. for the organization of the symposium, and acknowledgement is made to Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and to the Donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society, for partial support of the conduct of the symposium. The theme of this volume is the recent progress made in devel oping and understanding viable catalytic syntheses of chemicals di rectly from synthesis gas (CO + H2) or indirectly via alcohols. An aim of the symposium and of this volume is to provide a meaningful blend of applied and basic science and of the chemistry and engineer ing of processes that are, or hold promise to be, economically and industrially feasible. The topics demonstrate the increasing impor tance of synthesis gas as a versatile feedstock and emphasize the central role that alcohols, such as methanol, can playas chemical intermediates.
Book Synopsis A Kinetic Study of the Modified Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Over an Alumina-supported Cobalt Oxide Catalyst by : Danny Chien Lu
Download or read book A Kinetic Study of the Modified Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Over an Alumina-supported Cobalt Oxide Catalyst written by Danny Chien Lu and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781719501361 Total Pages :100 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (13 download)
Book Synopsis Fischer-Tropsch Cobalt Catalyst Improvements with the Presence of TiO2, La2O3, and ZrO2 on an Alumina Support by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Fischer-Tropsch Cobalt Catalyst Improvements with the Presence of TiO2, La2O3, and ZrO2 on an Alumina Support written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of titanium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and zirconium oxide on alumina supported cobalt catalysts. The hypothesis was that the presence of lanthanum oxide, titanium oxide, and zirconium oxide would reduce the interaction between cobalt and the alumina support. This was of interest because an optimized weakened interaction could lead to the most advantageous cobalt dispersion, particle size, and reducibility. The presence of these oxides on the support were investigated using a wide range of characterization techniques such as SEM, nitrogen adsorption, x-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), temperature programmed reduction after reduction (TPR-AR), and hydrogen chemisorptions/pulse reoxidation. Results indicated that both La2O3 and TiO2 doped supports facilitated the reduction of cobalt oxide species in reference to pure alumina supported cobalt catalysts, however further investigation is needed to determine the effect of ZrO2 on the reduction profile. Results showed an increased corrected cluster size for all three doped supported catalysts in comparison to their reference catalysts. The increase in reduction and an increase in the cluster size led to the conclusion that the support-metal interaction weakened by the addition of TiO2 and La2O3. It is also likely that the interaction decreased upon presence of ZrO2 on the alumina, but further research is necessary. Preliminary results have indicated that the alumina-supported catalysts with titanium oxide and lanthanum oxide present are of interest because of the weakened cobalt support interaction. These catalysts showed an increased extent of reduction, therefore more metallic cobalt is present on the support. However, whether or not there is more cobalt available to participate in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction (cobalt surface atoms) depends also on the cluster size. On one hand, increasing cluster size alone tends to decrease the
Book Synopsis Index to American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book Index to American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Slurry Phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by :
Download or read book Slurry Phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments on cobalt-catalyzed reactions of light 1-alkenes added to synthesis gas were performed. Data have been collected at 220C, 0.45 to 1.48 MPa and a synthesis gas flow rate between 0.015 and 0.030 Nl/(gcat[center dot]min) with H[sub 2]/CO of 1.45 to 2.25. Ethylene, propene, and butene were added to synthesis gas feed from 0.5 to 1.2 mole% of total feed. For each material balance in which 1-alkenes were added, a material balance was performed at similar process conditions without 1-alkenes added, as base case''. Material balances without added 1-alkenes were also repeated to verify of catalyst selectivity stability. 49 material balances were performed during a single run lasting over 2,500 hours-on-stream. The hydrocarbon data have been completely analyzed; data correlations are still being made. Since C[sub 3]/C[sub 1] ratios by ethene addition, C[sub 4]/C[sub 1] ratios by propene addition, and C[sub 5]/C[sub 1] ratios by 1-butene addition, it appears that 1-alkenes may incorporate into growing chains on the surface of the catalyst. Further evidence for incorporation can be seen by comparing selectivity to n-alcohol one carbon number higher than added 1-alkene. Yield of this n-alcohol increases when alkenes are present. Sensitivity of hydrocarbon distribution to process variables seems to be greater on Co than on Fe catalysts.
Book Synopsis Nano-carbon Supported Cobalt Catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis by : Amadeus Rose
Download or read book Nano-carbon Supported Cobalt Catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis written by Amadeus Rose and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fischer-Tropsch cobalt catalyst improvements with the presence of TiO2, La2O3, and ZrO2 on an alumina support by : Jennifer Lindsey Suder Klettlinger
Download or read book Fischer-Tropsch cobalt catalyst improvements with the presence of TiO2, La2O3, and ZrO2 on an alumina support written by Jennifer Lindsey Suder Klettlinger and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Alumina Support Modification on Performance of Cobalt and Iron Catalysts in Fischer-tropsch Reaction by :
Download or read book Effect of Alumina Support Modification on Performance of Cobalt and Iron Catalysts in Fischer-tropsch Reaction written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effect of alumina support modification for applications as cobalt and iron catalyst supports in Fischer-Tropsch reaction were studied. Alumina supports consisting of various gamma to chi ratios were prepared using solvothermal method and employed as supports for cobalt catalysts. In order to identify the characteristics, all the catalysts were characterized using surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy2Energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and hydrogen and carbon monoxide chemisorption. CO hydrogenation (H 2CO = 10/1) was also performed to determine the overall activity and selectivity of the Co/AL O catalysts containing various gamma to chi ratios. It was found that both activity and selectivity were increased with increasing the chi to gamma ratios of the alumina supports. It is suggested that the spherical;-shape like morphology of the -phase AL O provide better stability and dispersion of the Co particles. In addition, the effect of Cu-modification of alumina support for applications as iron catalyst supports in Fischer-Tropsch reaction (H 2CO - 2/1) was also investigated. It was found that the use of copper-modified alumina supports enhanced both reducibilities and the overall activities of Fe/AL O catalysts. However, Cu-modification of alumina support appeared to have no effect on selectivity of the F-T products.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Cobalt and Related Catalysts by : John Vakros
Download or read book Recent Advances in Cobalt and Related Catalysts written by John Vakros and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, cobalt and related catalysts are very attractive as they provide many advantages, such as low cost and high activity, in a variety of applications. Cobalt catalysts are among the most active catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and they promote the catalytic activity of the hydrodesulfurization catalysts. They also found other significant applications in environmental protection such as oxidation of volatile organic compounds, VOC, persulfate activator, ammonia synthesis, electrocatalysis and many more. Cobalt catalysts are active, stable and exhibit significant oxidation-reduction activity, as the Co can be found either as Co(II) or Co(III). Additionally, many molecules can interact with the cobalt supported phase by co-ordination due to partially filled d-orbital. Co-catalysts can be supported in almost all the inorganic supports such as alumina, titania, zeolites, etc. The cobalt oxide phase can be stabilized on the surface of the support due to variable interactions between the support and cobalt phase. These interactions are crucial for catalytic activity and can be regulated by proper selection of the preparation parameters such as the type of support, the Co loading, impregnation method and thermal conditions.
Download or read book Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of ammonia in syngas on the performance of various supported cobalt catalysts (i.e., Al2O3, TiO2 and SiO2) was investigated during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) using a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The addition of ammonia (10 ppmv NH3) caused a significant deactivation for all supported cobalt catalysts, but the rate of deactivation was higher for the silica-supported catalysts relative to the alumina and titania-supported catalysts used in this work. Ammonia addition had a positive effect on product selectivity (i.e., lower light gas products and higher C5+) for alumina and titania-supported catalysts compared to ammonia free conditions, whereas, the addition of ammonia increased lighter hydrocarbon (C1-C4) products and decreased higher hydrocarbon (C5+) selectivity compared to ammonia-free synthesis conditions for the silica-supported catalyst. For alumina and titania-supported catalysts, the activity almost recovered with mild in-situ hydrogen treatment of the ammonia exposed catalysts. For the silica-supported catalyst, the loss of activity is somewhat irreversible (i.e., cannot be regained after the mild hydrogen treatment). Addition of ammonia led to a significant loss in BET surface area and changes in pore diameter (consistent with pore collapse of a fraction of pores into the microporous range as described in the literature), as well as formation of catalytically inactive cobalt support compounds for the silica-supported catalyst. On the other hand, the pore characteristics of alumina and titania-supported catalysts were not significantly changed. In conclusion, XANES results of the ammonia exposed silica-supported catalysts further confirm the formation of cobalt-support compounds (cobalt silicates).
Book Synopsis Development of Cationic Cobalt(I)-complexes for Enantioselective Cycloaddition and Hydrofunctionalization Reactions by : Mahesh M. Parsutkar
Download or read book Development of Cationic Cobalt(I)-complexes for Enantioselective Cycloaddition and Hydrofunctionalization Reactions written by Mahesh M. Parsutkar and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments of new catalytic transformations by using earth-abundant metal (base-metal) catalysts have played a significant role in modern civilization and will continue to play a vital role towards maintaining and improving our quality of life. Particularly, these transformations have had a tremendous impacts on the agricultural, transport, energy, and pharmaceutical sectors. This field of base-metal catalysis would enjoy added benefits with the utilization of sustainable feedstock carbon sources for fine chemical synthesis. However, the dual problems of activation of thermodynamically stable precursors (ethylene, CO2, H2, CO, aldehydes, acrylates, HCN) and their highly stereoselective incorporation into other readily available substrates (1,3-dienes, alkynes, enynes) pose new challenges. In a nutshell, the development of benign catalysts for employing sustainable feedstock starting materials has the potential to transform inexpensive materials into valuable precursors for fine chemical synthesis. My dissertation work focuses on the development of scalable, atom-economical, and cost-effective catalytic methods for the preparation of value-added products relevant to fine chemicals. The overarching aims are to use sustainable feedstocks or readily available precursors, and environmentally benign chemistry. To achieve these goals, three efficient catalytic methods have been developed which employ complexes of an earth-abundant metal, cobalt, with ligands derived from naturally occurring amino acids or commercially available bis-phosphine ligands. The key to success was a systematic ligands investigation that inspired the design and synthesis of novel ligands to achieve high chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivities. In the first methodology, a broadly applicable method affecting [2+2] cycloaddition between several alkynes and alkenyl derivatives to form cyclobutenes has been disclosed. A library of >70 nearly enantiopure cyclobutenes, which are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive compounds, have been synthesized in excellent yields. In the second methodology, ligand controlled regio-divergent enantioselective synthesis of primary and secondary homoallylic boronates (>50 examples) from readily available 1,3-dienes and a common boron reagent have been developed. Furthermore, the hydrofunctionalization of 1,3-dienes program has been extended to unprecedented enantioselective hydroacylation of 1,3-dienes. This method opens a realm to achieve the synthesis of enantiopure alpha- or beta-chiral center containing ketones. In all the mentioned transformations above, cationic Co(I)- species has been invoked as an active catalyst. To further corroborate the role of cationic Co(I)-complexes, a reliable protocol has been developed to synthesize, isolate discrete neutral and cationic Co(I)-complexes and characterized by X-ray crystallography. These isolated cationic complexes serve as an excellent single-component catalyst for heterodimerization, hydroboration, and hydroacylation, suggesting the key role of cationic Co(I)-complexes in these transformations. While developing these efficient methodologies, striking ligand, counterion, and solvent effects have been revealed along with a unique role of a cationic Co(I) intermediate in the reactions which advanced novel fundamental concepts. We believe that these cationic Co(I) complexes have broader utility in homogeneous catalysis. We hope that the rational evolution of a mechanism-based strategy that led to the eventual successful outcome and the attendant support studies will add to the burgeoning organometallic chemistry of cobalt and its applications with further implications beyond the synthetic reactions described in this dissertation.
