A National Crime

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Publisher : Univ. of Manitoba Press
ISBN 13 : 0887554156
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis A National Crime by : John S. Milloy

Download or read book A National Crime written by John S. Milloy and published by Univ. of Manitoba Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “I am going to tell you how we are treated. I am always hungry.” — Edward B., a student at Onion Lake School (1923) "[I]f I were appointed by the Dominion Government for the express purpose of spreading tuberculosis, there is nothing finer in existance that the average Indian residential school.” — N. Walker, Indian Affairs Superintendent (1948) For over 100 years, thousands of Aboriginal children passed through the Canadian residential school system. Begun in the 1870s, it was intended, in the words of government officials, to bring these children into the “circle of civilization,” the results, however, were far different. More often, the schools provided an inferior education in an atmosphere of neglect, disease, and often abuse. Using previously unreleased government documents, historian John S. Milloy provides a full picture of the history and reality of the residential school system. He begins by tracing the ideological roots of the system, and follows the paper trail of internal memoranda, reports from field inspectors, and letters of complaint. In the early decades, the system grew without planning or restraint. Despite numerous critical commissions and reports, it persisted into the 1970s, when it transformed itself into a social welfare system without improving conditions for its thousands of wards. A National Crime shows that the residential system was chronically underfunded and often mismanaged, and documents in detail and how this affected the health, education, and well-being of entire generations of Aboriginal children.

Cross-National Crime

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Publisher : Greenwood
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cross-National Crime by : Jerome L. Neapolitan

Download or read book Cross-National Crime written by Jerome L. Neapolitan and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1997-10-28 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes various types and sources of crime and explanatory data available to study variation in crime across nations. Problems with the data and appropriate methods for adjusting and analyzing the data are described. A thorough review of theories and past cross-national crime research is included. This book intends to facilitate and stimulate quality cross-national crime research. The book notes past misuse of data, such as using homicide rates unadjusted for attempts, as well as inconsistencies and contradictions in past research. The major theories and concepts which have been used to explain crime across nations are described in detail and critiqued. Inconsistencies and contradictions in results are noted, and avenues for future research are offered. Methodological techniques, issues, and problems involved in analysis are also presented and new approaches to dealing with the resulting data are projected. Extensive appendixes give information and contacts to researchers, providing a network for research in cross-national crime heretofore lacking.

The National Survey of Crime Severity

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis The National Survey of Crime Severity by :

Download or read book The National Survey of Crime Severity written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309297370
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault by : Panel on Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault in Bureau of Justice Statistics Household Surveys

Download or read book Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault written by Panel on Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault in Bureau of Justice Statistics Household Surveys and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) measures the rates at which Americans are victims of crimes, including rape and sexual assault, but there is concern that rape and sexual assault are undercounted on this survey. BJS asked the National Research Council to investigate this issue and recommend best practices for measuring rape and sexual assault on their household surveys. Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault concludes that it is likely that the NCVS is undercounting rape and sexual assault. The most accurate counts of rape and sexual assault cannot be achieved without measuring them separately from other victimizations, the report says. It recommends that BJS develop a separate survey for measuring rape and sexual assault. The new survey should more precisely define ambiguous words such as "rape," give more privacy to respondents, and take other steps that would improve the accuracy of responses. Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault takes a fresh look at the problem of measuring incidents of rape and sexual assault from the criminal justice perspective. This report examines issues such as the legal definitions in use by the states for these crimes, best methods for representing the definitions in survey instruments so that their meaning is clear to respondents, and best methods for obtaining as complete reporting as possible of these crimes in surveys, including methods whereby respondents may report anonymously. Rape and sexual assault are among the most injurious crimes a person can inflict on another. The effects are devastating, extending beyond the initial victimization to consequences such as unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, sleep and eating disorders, and other emotional and physical problems. Understanding the frequency and context under which rape and sexual assault are committed is vital in directing resources for law enforcement and support for victims. These data can influence public health and mental health policies and help identify interventions that will reduce the risk of future attacks. Sadly, accurate information about the extent of sexual assault and rape is difficult to obtain because most of these crimes go unreported to police. Estimating the Incidence of Rape and Sexual Assault focuses on methodology and vehicles used to measure rape and sexual assaults, reviews potential sources of error within the NCVS survey, and assesses the training and monitoring of interviewers in an effort to improve reporting of these crimes.

An Economic History of Organized Crime

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136705821
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis An Economic History of Organized Crime by : Dennis M. P. McCarthy

Download or read book An Economic History of Organized Crime written by Dennis M. P. McCarthy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-05-15 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comparative study of organized crime groups from five different parts of the world: Europe; North America; Central America/South America/Caribbean basin; Africa; and Asia/Western Pacific. Each part contains two case studies and a shorter essay, a vignette. From Europe the case studies focus on the Italian mafias and the Russian mafia; the vignette, on the Albanian mafia. From North America the case studies highlight the US Mafia and the Mexican drug cartels; the vignette, organized crime in Canada. From Central America/South America/Caribbean basin the case studies concentrate on the Colombian drug cartels and gangs of the Caribbean; the vignette, on organized crime in Cuba. From Africa the case studies examine resource wars and Somali piracy; the vignette, relations among international drugs trafficking, organized crime, and terrorism in North and West Africa. And from Asia/Western Pacific the case studies spotlight the Chinese Triads and Japanese Yakuza; the vignette, relations among international drugs trafficking, organized crime, and terrorism in Afghanistan. Written in non-specialist language, An Economic History of Organized Crime provides an original overview of a crucial problem of our times: the growing scourge of global organized crime. This book can be read with profit by the general public, but it also has value for academic specialists and professionals in law enforcement.

"Taking a Bite Out of Crime"

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis "Taking a Bite Out of Crime" by : Garrett J. O'Keefe

Download or read book "Taking a Bite Out of Crime" written by Garrett J. O'Keefe and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public involvement in crime prevention activities has emerged as a critical issue in recent years as it has become clear that citizens can play a key role in reducing crime. Numerous efforts have been aimed at encouraging citizens to take actions to reduce their own risk of victimization, and that of others as well. One prominent effort has been a three-year-old "Take a Bite Out of Crime" national media campaign, sponsored by the Crime Prevention Coalition in cooperation with the Advertising Council. This report summarizes research evaluating the impact of that campaign on public awareness, attitudes, and actions concerning crime prevention, and offers recommendations for future public information strategies aimed at encouraging increased citizen participation in crime prevention. The evaluation findings indicate that mass media campaigns can be effective in changing people's crime prevention attitudes and behaviors, and that mass media can be effective tools in promoting cooperative prevention efforts among citizens.

Residential Schools and Reconciliation

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Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487502184
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Residential Schools and Reconciliation by : J.R. Miller

Download or read book Residential Schools and Reconciliation written by J.R. Miller and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residential Schools and Reconciliation is a unique, timely, and provocative work that tackles and explains the institutional responses to Canada's residential school legacy.

Cross-National Research in Self-Reported Crime and Delinquency

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400910010
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Cross-National Research in Self-Reported Crime and Delinquency by : Malcolm Klein

Download or read book Cross-National Research in Self-Reported Crime and Delinquency written by Malcolm Klein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malcolm W. Klein Center for Research on Crime and Social Control University of Southern California 1. BACKGROUND In June of 1988, approximately forty scholars and researchers met for four days in the Leeuwenborst Congres Center in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, to participate in a workshop entitled Self-Report Metho dology in Criminological Research. The participants represented 15 nations and 30 universities and research centers, a diversity that was matched by the experiences and focal interests in self-report methods among the participants. This volume is the result of the workshop process and in particular of the invitations to participants to prepare pre-conference papers for distribution prior to the workshop. The chapters in the volume were selected from the larger set of pre conference papers. As workshop conv~ner and volume editor, it falls on me to set some of the context for this enterprise. Self-report crime is "admitted" crime, derived from interview and questionnaire responses obtained from adults and juveniles (regardless of whether or not they have been arrested) concerning their own illegal behaviors. Growing awareness of the limitations of official crime statistics has led to the development of self-report procedures.

Is Rape a Crime?

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Publisher : Flatiron Books
ISBN 13 : 1250255759
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Is Rape a Crime? by : Michelle Bowdler

Download or read book Is Rape a Crime? written by Michelle Bowdler and published by Flatiron Books. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longlisted for the 2020 National Book Award for Nonfiction TIME's 100 Must-Read Books of 2020 Publishers Weekly, Best Books of 2020 New York Times New & Noteworthy Audiobooks Lit Hubs Most Anticipated Books of 2020 Starred Review Publishers Weekly Starred Review Shelf Awareness "Is Rape a Crime? is beautifully written and compellingly told. In 2020, we were all looking for solutions and this book was right on time. It is one we should all be reading." —Anita Hill "This standout memoir marks a crucial moment in the discussion of what constitutes a violent crime." —Publishers Weekly, Best Books of 2020 She Said meets Know My Name in Michelle Bowdler's provocative debut, telling the story of her rape and recovery while interrogating why one of society's most serious crimes goes largely uninvestigated. The crime of rape sizzles like a lightning strike. It pounces, flattens, destroys. A person stands whole, and in a moment of unexpected violence, that life, that body is gone. Award-winning writer and public health executive Michelle Bowdler's memoir indicts how sexual violence has been addressed for decades in our society, asking whether rape is a crime given that it is the least reported major felony, least successfully prosecuted, and fewer than 3% of reported rapes result in conviction. Cases are closed before they are investigated and DNA evidence sits for years untested and disregarded Rape in this country is not treated as a crime of brutal violence but as a parlor game of he said / she said. It might be laughable if it didn’t work so much of the time. Given all this, it seems fair to ask whether rape is actually a crime. In 1984, the Boston Sexual Assault Unit was formed as a result of a series of break-ins and rapes that terrorized the city, of which Michelle’s own horrific rape was the last. Twenty years later, after a career of working with victims like herself, Michelle decides to find out what happened to her case and why she never heard from the police again after one brief interview. Is Rape a Crime? is an expert blend of memoir and cultural investigation, and Michelle's story is a rallying cry to reclaim our power and right our world.

Punishment Without Crime

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Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465093809
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Punishment Without Crime by : Alexandra Natapoff

Download or read book Punishment Without Crime written by Alexandra Natapoff and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-12-31 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revelatory account of the misdemeanor machine that unjustly brands millions of Americans as criminals. Punishment Without Crime offers an urgent new interpretation of inequality and injustice in America by examining the paradigmatic American offense: the lowly misdemeanor. Based on extensive original research, legal scholar Alexandra Natapoff reveals the inner workings of a massive petty offense system that produces over 13 million cases each year. People arrested for minor crimes are swept through courts where defendants often lack lawyers, judges process cases in mere minutes, and nearly everyone pleads guilty. This misdemeanor machine starts punishing people long before they are convicted; it punishes the innocent; and it punishes conduct that never should have been a crime. As a result, vast numbers of Americans -- most of them poor and people of color -- are stigmatized as criminals, impoverished through fines and fees, and stripped of drivers' licenses, jobs, and housing. For too long, misdemeanors have been ignored. But they are crucial to understanding our punitive criminal system and our widening economic and racial divides. A Publishers Weekly Best Book of 2018

An Enormous Crime

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 1429922907
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis An Enormous Crime by : Bill Hendon

Download or read book An Enormous Crime written by Bill Hendon and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2008-10-14 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic history of living American soldiers left in Vietnam, and the first full account of the circumstances that left them there An Enormous Crime is nothing less than shocking. Based on thousands of pages of public and previously classified documents, it makes an utterly convincing case that when the American government withdrew its forces from Vietnam, it knowingly abandoned hundreds of POWs to their fate. The product of twenty-five years of research by former Congressman Bill Hendon and attorney Elizabeth A. Stewart, An Enormous Crime brilliantly exposes the reasons why these American soldiers and airmen were held back by the North Vietnamese at Operation Homecoming in 1973 and what these men have endured since. Despite hundreds of postwar sightings and intelligence reports telling of Americans being held captive throughout Vietnam and Laos, Washington did nothing. And despite numerous secret military signals and codes sent from the desperate POWs themselves, the Pentagon did not act. Even in 1988, a U.S. spy satellite passing over Sam Neua Province, Laos, spotted the twelve-foot-tall letters "USA" and immediately beneath them a huge, highly classified Vietnam War-era USAF/USN Escape & Evasion code in a rice paddy in a narrow mountain valley. The letters "USA" appeared to have been dug out of the ground, while the code appeared to have been fashioned from rice straw (see jacket photograph). Tragically, the brave men who constructed these codes have not yet come home. Nor have any of the other American POWs who the postwar intelligence shows have laid down similar codes, secret messages, and secret authenticators in rice paddies and fields and garden plots and along trails in both Laos and Vietnam. An Enormous Crime is based on open-source documents and reports, and thousands of declassified intelligence reports and satellite imagery, as well as author interviews and personal experience. It is a singular work, telling a story unlike any other in our modern history: ugly, harrowing, and true. From the Bay of Pigs, where John and Robert Kennedy struck a deal with Fidel Castro that led to freedom for the Bay of Pigs prisoners, to the Paris Peace Accords, in which the authors argue Kissinger and Nixon sold American soldiers down the river for political gain, to a continued reluctance to revisit the possibility of reclaiming any men who might still survive, we have a story untold for decades. And with An Enormous Crime we have for the first time a comprehensive history of America's leaders in their worst hour; of life-and-death decision making based on politics, not intelligence; and of men lost to their families and the country they serve, betrayed by their own leaders.

Crime & Politics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190290137
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime & Politics by : Ted Gest

Download or read book Crime & Politics written by Ted Gest and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-08-07 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why has America experienced an explosion in crime rates since 1960? Why has the crime rate dropped in recent years? Though politicians are always ready both to take the credit for crime reduction and to exploit grisly headlines for short-term political gain, these questions remain among the most important-and most difficult to answer-in America today. In Crime & Politics, award-winning journalist Ted Gest gives readers the inside story of how crime policy is formulated inside the Washington beltway and state capitols, why we've had cycle after cycle of ineffective federal legislation, and where promising reforms might lead us in the future. Gest examines how politicians first made crime a national rather than a local issue, beginning with Lyndon Johnson's crime commission and the landmark anti-crime law of 1968 and continuing right up to such present-day measures as "three strikes" laws, mandatory sentencing, and community policing. Gest exposes a lack of consistent leadership, backroom partisan politics, and the rush to embrace simplistic solutions as the main causes for why Federal and state crime programs have failed to make our streets safe. But he also explores how the media aid and abet this trend by featuring lurid crimes that simultaneously frighten the public and encourage candidates to offer another round of quick-fix solutions. Drawing on extensive research and including interviews with Edwin Meese, Janet Reno, Joseph Biden, Ted Kennedy, and William Webster, Crime & Politics uncovers the real reasons why America continues to struggle with the crime problem and shows how we do a better job in the future.

Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172357
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317530829
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety by : Nick Tilley

Download or read book Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety written by Nick Tilley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety provides a completely revised and updated collection of essays focusing on the theory and practice of crime prevention and the creation of safer communities. This book is divided into five comprehensive parts: Part I, brand new to this edition, is concerned with theoretical perspectives on crime prevention and community safety. Part II considers general approaches to preventing crime, including a new chapter on the theory and practice of deterrence. Part III focuses on specific crime prevention strategies, including a new chapter on regulation for crime prevention. Part IV focuses on the prevention of specific categories of crime and the fear they generate, including new chapters on organised crime and cybercrime. Part V considers the preventative process: the methods through which presenting problems can be analysed, responses formulated and implemented, and their effectiveness evaluated. Bringing together leading academics and practitioners from the UK, US, Australia and the Netherlands, this volume will be an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners whose work relates to crime prevention and community safety, as well as for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in crime prevention.

The Riding Club Crime

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1442498307
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis The Riding Club Crime by : Carolyn Keene

Download or read book The Riding Club Crime written by Carolyn Keene and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This summer, nothing’s safe at Green Spring—not even the camp itself… Elsa, a friend of Nancy and George’s and a counselor at Green Spring Pony Club’s summer camp, invites the girls for a ride one afternoon. Along the way, Elsa gushes about how a team of campers will compete in a regional pony club rally. If they win, they’ll go to the national competition! But Elsa’s excitement quickly fades when Nancy’s horse falls into a ditch, and it’s clearly a case of sabotage. This prompts Elsa to tell Nancy about some sinister happenings on the camp’s grounds. Is someone trying to hurt the campers—or the camp? Disguised as a counselor, Nancy tries to figure out who's behind the vicious accidents. And as they become more devastating, Nancy realizes she needs to move quickly. Will her sleuthing skills be enough to keep this camp’s horses and their riders on track?

Mobilized by Injustice

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190940670
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Mobilized by Injustice by : Hannah L. Walker

Download or read book Mobilized by Injustice written by Hannah L. Walker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated by injustice, members of over-policed communities lead the current movement for civil rights in the United States. Responding to decades of abuse by law enforcement and an excessive criminal justice system, activists protested police brutality in Ferguson, organized against stop-and-frisk in New York City, and fueled the rise of Black Lives Matter. Yet, scholars did not anticipate this resistance, instead anticipating the political withdrawal of marginalized citizens. In Mobilized by Injustice, Hannah L. Walker excavates the power of criminal justice to inspire political action. Mobilization results from the belief that one's experiences are a consequence of policies that target people like one's self on the basis of group affiliation like race, ethnicity and class. In order to identify how individuals connect their experiences to a collective struggle, Walker centralizes the voices of those most impacted by criminal justice, pairing personal narratives with analysis of several surveys. She finds that the mobilizing power of the criminal justice system is broad, crosses racial boundaries and extends to the loved ones of custodial citizens. Mobilized by Injustice offers a compelling account of the criminal justice system as a spark for the formation of a movement with the potential to remake American politics.

The Great American Crime Decline

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199702535
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great American Crime Decline by : Franklin E. Zimring

Download or read book The Great American Crime Decline written by Franklin E. Zimring and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many theories--from the routine to the bizarre--have been offered up to explain the crime decline of the 1990s. Was it record levels of imprisonment? An abatement of the crack cocaine epidemic? More police using better tactics? Or even the effects of legalized abortion? And what can we expect from crime rates in the future? Franklin E. Zimring here takes on the experts, and counters with the first in-depth portrait of the decline and its true significance. The major lesson from the 1990s is that relatively superficial changes in the character of urban life can be associated with up to 75% drops in the crime rate. Crime can drop even if there is no major change in the population, the economy or the schools. Offering the most reliable data available, Zimring documents the decline as the longest and largest since World War II. It ranges across both violent and non-violent offenses, all regions, and every demographic. All Americans, whether they live in cities or suburbs, whether rich or poor, are safer today. Casting a critical and unerring eye on current explanations, this book demonstrates that both long-standing theories of crime prevention and recently generated theories fall far short of explaining the 1990s drop. A careful study of Canadian crime trends reveals that imprisonment and economic factors may not have played the role in the U.S. crime drop that many have suggested. There was no magic bullet but instead a combination of factors working in concert rather than a single cause that produced the decline. Further--and happily for future progress, it is clear that declines in the crime rate do not require fundamental social or structural changes. Smaller shifts in policy can make large differences. The significant reductions in crime rates, especially in New York, where crime dropped twice the national average, suggests that there is room for other cities to repeat this astounding success. In this definitive look at the great American crime decline, Franklin E. Zimring finds no pat answers but evidence that even lower crime rates might be in store.