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A Model For The Valuation Of Assets With Liquidity Risk
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Book Synopsis A Model for the Valuation of Assets with Liquidity Risk by : Bert-Jan Nauta
Download or read book A Model for the Valuation of Assets with Liquidity Risk written by Bert-Jan Nauta and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a model for the valuation of assets on a bank balance sheet with liquidity risk. The new feature of this model is that it explicitly incorporates the funding term of an asset. The inclusion of the funding term is important since it determines the expected liquidation loss. By minimizing the sum of the expected liquidation loss and funding costs the optimal funding term and value of the asset can be determined. This paper applies the model to single cash flows, loans, bonds, and derivatives. Also, the calibration to LIBOR basis spreads is discussed.
Download or read book Liquidity Risk written by E. Banks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-06 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquidity Management is now a core consideration for banks and other financial institutions following the collapse of numerous well-known banks in 2007-8. This timely new edition will provide practical guidance on liquidity risk and its management – now mandatory under new regulation.
Book Synopsis Measuring Systemic Risk-Adjusted Liquidity (SRL) by : Andreas Jobst
Download or read book Measuring Systemic Risk-Adjusted Liquidity (SRL) written by Andreas Jobst and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little progress has been made so far in addressing—in a comprehensive way—the externalities caused by impact of the interconnectedness within institutions and markets on funding and market liquidity risk within financial systems. The Systemic Risk-adjusted Liquidity (SRL) model combines option pricing with market information and balance sheet data to generate a probabilistic measure of the frequency and severity of multiple entities experiencing a joint liquidity event. It links a firm’s maturity mismatch between assets and liabilities impacting the stability of its funding with those characteristics of other firms, subject to individual changes in risk profiles and common changes in market conditions. This approach can then be used (i) to quantify an individual institution’s time-varying contribution to system-wide liquidity shortfalls and (ii) to price liquidity risk within a macroprudential framework that, if used to motivate a capital charge or insurance premia, provides incentives for liquidity managers to internalize the systemic risk of their decisions. The model can also accommodate a stress testing approach for institution-specific and/or general funding shocks that generate estimates of systemic liquidity risk (and associated charges) under adverse scenarios.
Book Synopsis Internal Valuation of Assets with Liquidity Risk by : Bert-Jan Nauta
Download or read book Internal Valuation of Assets with Liquidity Risk written by Bert-Jan Nauta and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inclusion of funding costs in the valuation of derivatives resulting in the so-called funding valuation adjustment (FVA) is a topic of intense debate, model development, and research. One issue with standard formulations of FVA is that it is the same for liquid and illiquid assets. Even if assets can be liquidated in a matter of days without discount, FVA implies that funding costs for the full term are included in the valuation. This paper studies the effect of liquidity risk on the valuation of assets through a simple model. This model assumes a Poisson process for liquidity stress events (LSEs) of random duration. In an LSE, a bank needs to liquidate an asset if the funding term is not sufficient to keep the asset funded throughout the LSE. We show that this model generates an FVA and liquidity spread. Both vanish when the asset is perfectly liquid. It is also possible to determine an optimal funding term in this model.
Book Synopsis Measuring and Managing Liquidity Risk by : Antonio Castagna
Download or read book Measuring and Managing Liquidity Risk written by Antonio Castagna and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fully up-to-date, cutting-edge guide to the measurement and management of liquidity risk Written for front and middle office risk management and quantitative practitioners, this book provides the ground-level knowledge, tools, and techniques for effective liquidity risk management. Highly practical, though thoroughly grounded in theory, the book begins with the basics of liquidity risks and, using examples pulled from the recent financial crisis, how they manifest themselves in financial institutions. The book then goes on to look at tools which can be used to measure liquidity risk, discussing risk monitoring and the different models used, notably financial variables models, credit variables models, and behavioural variables models, and then at managing these risks. As well as looking at the tools necessary for effective measurement and management, the book also looks at and discusses current regulation and the implication of new Basel regulations on management procedures and tools.
Book Synopsis Asset Liability Management. 3rd Edition by :
Download or read book Asset Liability Management. 3rd Edition written by and published by FinanceTrainingCourse.com. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book begins with a description of how the revenue generation mechanism of a bank works. Asset liability management (ALM) and associated interest rate and liquidity risks are defined and other measures such as duration and convexity are calculated. In order to understand the various yield curve shapes, shifts and outlooks, a review of the historical US yield term structures is conducted. This is followed by a look at various ALM strategies, in view of future expected interest rate outlooks, and their impact on the maturity distributions of assets & liabilities of banks. Next, the various assumptions used in an ALM model are assessed, followed by an explanation of price and rate gaps with some basic illustrations to understand the concepts of net interest income at risk and market value at risk. ALM reports profile cash flows by maturity or reset buckets. A methodology for building maturity and liquidity profiles for banks’ advances and deposits portfolios using the Pivot table & chart functionality in EXCEL is discussed. Step by step methodologies for various ALM measurement tools follow. These include Fall in Market Value of Equity, Earnings at Risk, Cost to Close liquidity gap, Cost to Close interest rate gap, Rate Sensitive Gap, Duration Gap. An overview of other ALM reports such as price sensitive gap, net interest income (NII) and liquidity gap is given. Applications for explaining immunization and portfolio dedication are presented. An EXCEL Solver based fixed income portfolio optimization model is discussed and scenarios for minimizing duration and maximizing convexity of the portfolio are presented. A discussion of liquidity risk management measures including ratios and analyses for measuring liquidity risk, limits for managing the risk, general and specific requirements for developing a contingency funding plan and liquidity enhancement tactics for company specific and systemic crisis. A methodology for stress testing liquidity using a Value at Risk (VaR) based approach for a fixed income portfolio is also discussed. The book concludes with a case-study for assessing why bank regulations fail. This simulation results based study looks at the efficacy of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as an indicator of bank performance and seeks to identify a more valuable leading indicator or target account for monitoring bank performance and health.
Book Synopsis Asset-Liability and Liquidity Management by : Pooya Farahvash
Download or read book Asset-Liability and Liquidity Management written by Pooya Farahvash and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-26 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asset-Liability and Liquidity Management distils the author’s extensive experience in the financial industry, and ALM in particular, into concise and comprehensive lessons. Each of the topics are covered with a focus on real-world applications, based on the author’s own experience in the industry. The author is the Vice President of Treasury Modeling and Analytics at American Express. He is also an adjunct Professor at New York University, teaching a variety of analytical courses. Learn from the best as Dr. Farahvash takes you through basic and advanced topics, including: The fundamentals of analytical finance Detailed explanations of financial valuation models for a variety of products The principle of economic value of equity and value-at-risk The principle of net interest income and earnings-at-risk Liquidity risk Funds transfer pricing A detailed Appendix at the end of the book helps novice users with basic probability and statistics concepts used in financial analytics.
Book Synopsis Asset and Liability Management Handbook by : G. Mitra
Download or read book Asset and Liability Management Handbook written by G. Mitra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-03-29 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have shown an increase in development and acceptance of quantitative methods for asset and liability management strategies. This book presents state of the art quantitative decision models for three sectors: pension funds, insurance companies and banks, taking into account new regulations and the industries risks.
Book Synopsis International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards by :
Download or read book International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards written by and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquidity Risk, Instead of Funding Costs, Leads to a Valuation Adjustment for Derivatives and Other Assets by : Bert-Jan Nauta
Download or read book Liquidity Risk, Instead of Funding Costs, Leads to a Valuation Adjustment for Derivatives and Other Assets written by Bert-Jan Nauta and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally derivatives and other assets have been valued in isolation. The balance sheet of which a derivative position is part, was not included in the valuation. Recently, aspects of the valuation have been revised to incorporate certain elements of the balance sheet in the valuation. Examples are the debt valuation adjustment which incorporates default risk of the bank holding the derivative, and the funding valuation adjustment that some authors have proposed to include the cost of funding into the valuation.This paper investigates the valuation of derivatives and other assets as part of a balance sheet. In particular, funding costs, default risk and liquidity risk are considered. A valuation framework is developed under the elastic funding assumption. This assumption states that funding costs reflect the quality of the assets, and any change in asset composition is immediately reflected in the funding costs. The paper generalizes the result of Nauta 2012 that funding costs do not have an impact on the value of derivatives to cases including default risk. Furthermore a new model for the valuation of liquidity risk is developed. The result is that the liquidity spread, that is used for discounting cashflows of illiquid assets, can be expressed in terms of liquidation value of the asset, and the probability that the institution holding the asset needs to liquidate (part of its) assets. The resulting model is similar to existing models that include fixed funding costs, such as Burgard Kjaer 2011, with the difference that the funding spread is replaced by the liquidity spread. This has some important consequences, since the liquidity spread depends on the product and e.g. the size of the position, whereas the funding spread does not.Examples for banking book products and OTC call options are included to illustrate the framework.
Book Synopsis Liquidity and Asset Prices by : Yakov Amihud
Download or read book Liquidity and Asset Prices written by Yakov Amihud and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquidity and Asset Prices reviews the literature that studies the relationship between liquidity and asset prices. The authors review the theoretical literature that predicts how liquidity affects a security's required return and discuss the empirical connection between the two. Liquidity and Asset Prices surveys the theory of liquidity-based asset pricing followed by the empirical evidence. The theory section proceeds from basic models with exogenous holding periods to those that incorporate additional elements of risk and endogenous holding periods. The empirical section reviews the evidence on the liquidity premium for stocks, bonds, and other financial assets.
Book Synopsis Liquidity Risk, Efficiency and New Bank Business Models by : Santiago Carbó Valverde
Download or read book Liquidity Risk, Efficiency and New Bank Business Models written by Santiago Carbó Valverde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-10 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insight into current research topics in finance and banking in the aftermath of the financial crisis. In this volume, authors present empirical research on liquidity risk discussed in the context of Basel III and its implications. Chapters also investigate topics such as bank efficiency and new bank business models from a business diversification perspective, the effects on financial exclusion and how liquidity mismatches are related with the bank business model. This book will be of value to those with an interest in how Basel III has had a tangible impact upon banking processes, particularly with regard to maintaining liquidity, and the latest research in financial business models.
Book Synopsis Investment Decisions on Illiquid Assets by : Jaroslaw Morawski
Download or read book Investment Decisions on Illiquid Assets written by Jaroslaw Morawski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-14 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jaroslaw Morawski offers a practicable and theoretically well-founded solution to the problems encountered when investing in illiquid assets and develops a model of the liquidation process for this category of investments. The result is a coherent investment decision framework designed specifically for private real estate but applicable also to other illiquid assets.
Book Synopsis Financial Modeling, Actuarial Valuation and Solvency in Insurance by : Mario V. Wüthrich
Download or read book Financial Modeling, Actuarial Valuation and Solvency in Insurance written by Mario V. Wüthrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk management for financial institutions is one of the key topics the financial industry has to deal with. The present volume is a mathematically rigorous text on solvency modeling. Currently, there are many new developments in this area in the financial and insurance industry (Basel III and Solvency II), but none of these developments provides a fully consistent and comprehensive framework for the analysis of solvency questions. Merz and Wüthrich combine ideas from financial mathematics (no-arbitrage theory, equivalent martingale measure), actuarial sciences (insurance claims modeling, cash flow valuation) and economic theory (risk aversion, probability distortion) to provide a fully consistent framework. Within this framework they then study solvency questions in incomplete markets, analyze hedging risks, and study asset-and-liability management questions, as well as issues like the limited liability options, dividend to shareholder questions, the role of re-insurance, etc. This work embeds the solvency discussion (and long-term liabilities) into a scientific framework and is intended for researchers as well as practitioners in the financial and actuarial industry, especially those in charge of internal risk management systems. Readers should have a good background in probability theory and statistics, and should be familiar with popular distributions, stochastic processes, martingales, etc.
Book Synopsis Valuation of Illiquid Assets on Bank Balance Sheets by : Bert-Jan Nauta
Download or read book Valuation of Illiquid Assets on Bank Balance Sheets written by Bert-Jan Nauta and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the assets on the balance sheet of a typical bank are illiquid. Therefore, liquidity risk is one of the key risks for banks. Since the risks of an asset affect its value, liquidity risk should be included in their valuation. Although models have been developed to include liquidity risk in the pricing of traded assets, these models do not easily extend to truly illiquid or non-traded assets. This paper develops a valuation framework for liquidity risk for these illiquid assets. Liquidity risk for illiquid assets is identified as the risk of assets being liquidated at a discount in a liquidity stress event (LSE). Whether or not a bank decides to liquidate an asset depends on its liquidation strategy. The appropriate strategy for valuation purposes is shown to be a pro rata liquidation. The main result is that the discount rate used for valuation includes a liquidity spread that is composed of three factors: 1. the probability of an LSE, 2. the severity of an LSE, and 3. the liquidation value of the asset.
Book Synopsis A Quantitative Liquidity Model for Banks by : Christian Schmaltz
Download or read book A Quantitative Liquidity Model for Banks written by Christian Schmaltz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-30 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christian Schmaltz identifies product cash flows, funding spread, funding capacity, haircuts, and short-term interest rates as key liquidity variables. Then, he assumes specific stochastic processes for the key variables leading to a particular liquidity model. The model is used to derive liquidity funds transfer prices and to optimally manage liquidity.
Download or read book Liquidity Risk written by E. Banks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-09-24 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much critical attention has been given in recent years to market and credit risks, which have a significant effect on corporate and financial operations and must be understood and managed with care. While these areas have rightly received considerable scrutiny, another critical dimension of financial risk - based on corporate liquidity - has been largely overlooked. Liquidity risk is the risk of loss arising from an inability to quickly realise asset value or obtain funding and can be damaging if not properly considered or actively managed. Lack of liquidity can lead to large losses in asset/liability portfolios and off balance sheet activities and in extreme cases can trigger financial distress and insolvency. Liquidity Risk is a comprehensive treatment of the topic focusing on the nature of the risk, problems that arise in asset and funding liquidity and mechanisms that can be developed to monitor, measure and control such risks.
