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A Computational Study Describing The Loading And Regeneration Performance Of Diesel Particulate Filters Using A Lumped Parameter Model For Design Analysis And Control Systems
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Book Synopsis A Computational Study Describing the Loading and Regeneration Performance of Diesel Particulate Filters Using a Lumped Parameter Model for Design Analysis and Control Systems by : Evdoxia A. Kladopoulou
Download or read book A Computational Study Describing the Loading and Regeneration Performance of Diesel Particulate Filters Using a Lumped Parameter Model for Design Analysis and Control Systems written by Evdoxia A. Kladopoulou and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Integrated Diesel Engine, Emissions, and Aftertreatment System Level Model by : Nawateja Siṅgha
Download or read book Development of an Integrated Diesel Engine, Emissions, and Aftertreatment System Level Model written by Nawateja Siṅgha and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Loading and Regeneration Analysis of a Diesel Particulate Filter with a Radio Frequency-Based Sensor by :
Download or read book Loading and Regeneration Analysis of a Diesel Particulate Filter with a Radio Frequency-Based Sensor written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate knowledge of diesel particulate filter (DPF) loading is critical for robust and efficient operation of the combined engine-exhaust aftertreatment system. Furthermore, upcoming on-board diagnostics regulations require on-board technologies to evaluate the status of the DPF. This work describes the application of radio frequency (RF) based sensing techniques to accurately measure DPF soot levels and the spatial distribution of the accumulated material. A 1.9L GM turbo diesel engine and a DPF with an RF-sensor were studied. Direct comparisons between the RF measurement and conventional pressure-based methods were made. Further analysis of the particulate matter loading rates was obtained with a mass-based soot emission measurement instrument (TEOM). Comparison with pressure drop measurements show the RF technique is unaffected by exhaust flow variations and exhibits a high degree of sensitivity to DPF soot loading and good dynamic response. Additional computational and experimental work further illustrates the spatial resolution of the RF measurements. Based on the experimental results, the RF technique shows significant promise for improving DPF control enabling optimization of the combined engine-aftertreatment system for improved fuel economy and extended DPF service life.
Book Synopsis Diesel Particulate Filter Technology by : Timothy V Johnson
Download or read book Diesel Particulate Filter Technology written by Timothy V Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007-03-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, the complexity of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) system has hindered its commercial success. Stringent regulations of diesel emissions has lead to advancements in this technology, therefore mainstreaming the use of DPFs in light- and heavy-duty diesel filtration applications. This book covers the latest and most important research in DPF systems, focusing mainly on the advancements of the years 2002-2006. Editor Timothy V. Johnson selected the top 29 SAE papers covering the most significant research in this technology.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems by : Lino Guzzella
Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Analysis of Particulate Matter Deposition and Regeneration in a Diesel Particulate Filter by : Mengting Yu
Download or read book Modeling and Analysis of Particulate Matter Deposition and Regeneration in a Diesel Particulate Filter written by Mengting Yu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel engines are widely used because of their high efficiency and low “greenhouse gas” emission. The particulate matter (PM) emitted by a diesel engine is collected and then burned in a diesel particulate filter (DPF). Analysis and modeling works have been done in this research to provide insight on optimization of the DPF design and operating conditions to achieve low pressure drop across the filter to decrease fuel consumption and low peak temperature during regeneration to avoid filter melting, cracking, and/or catalyst deactivation. Limiting models of the 1-D two-channel DPF model are analyzed. Analytical predictions and physical insight on the filtration velocity, pressure drop, heat transfer, light-off and regeneration in a DPF are obtained. The hydraulic analysis enables an efficient optimization of the DPF that lead to a more uniform PM deposition profile and a decrease of the pressure drop. The heat transfer, light-off and regeneration analysis enable estimations of the DPF heat-up time, the speed and width of the temperature front, the light-off temperature and time, and the peak regeneration temperature. New DPF regeneration procedures are proposed to limit the maximum local temperature rise. In various cases a DPF is connected by a wide-angled cone (diffuser) to the engine exhaust pipe. A 2-D axisymmetric PM deposition and regeneration model is developed to investigate the impact of the inlet cone on the deposition rate and the regeneration temperature as well as on the transient inlet velocity distribution among the various DPF channels. The highest regeneration temperature and thermal stress when using an inlet cone may be quite higher than when it is absent. A major technological challenge in the regeneration of the ceramic cordierite filter is that a sudden decrease of the engine load, referred to as Drop to Idle (DTI), may create a transient temperature peak much higher than under either the initial or final stationary feed conditions. This excessive transient temperature rise may cause local melting or cracking of the ceramic filter. Suggestions on how to limit the peak temperature rise following a DTI are provided through numerous simulations of the 1-D and 2-D DPF regeneration models.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Filtration Velocities and Particulate Matter Characteristics on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading Performance by : Ekathai Wirojsakunchai
Download or read book The Effects of Filtration Velocities and Particulate Matter Characteristics on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading Performance written by Ekathai Wirojsakunchai and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling and Interpreting the Observed Effects of Ash on Diesel Particulate Filter Performance and Regeneration by : Yujun Wang (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Modeling and Interpreting the Observed Effects of Ash on Diesel Particulate Filter Performance and Regeneration written by Yujun Wang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel particulate filters (DPF) are devices that physically capture diesel particulates to prevent their release to the atmosphere. Diesel particulate filters have seen widespread use in on- and off-road applications as an effective means for meeting increasingly stringent particle emissions regulations. Although the soot deposit can be removed by regeneration, the incombustible material - ash, primarily derived from metallic additives in the engine lubricant, accumulates in the DPF channels with the increasing vehicle mileage or equivalent running hours. Ash accumulation inside filter increases the flow restriction and reduces the filter soot storage capacity, which results in higher filter regeneration frequencies and larger engine fuel penalty. Combined with experimental observations, DPF models are built to investigate the fundamental mechanisms of DPF aging process. The DPF soot and ash loading model, based on porous media filtration theory, is applied to understand the soot deposition across the substrate wall with soot and ash cake layer formation. DPF models are also used to investigate the process of ash transport and catalyst deactivation with increasing ash load level. DPF ash aging is found to have negative effect on passive regeneration due to the catalyst deactivation and diffusion resistance of ash cake layer. Besides, at given amount of ash load, the effects of ash spatial distribution on DPF performance are studied via simulation. It is found that the ash end plug has significant influences on DPF pressure drop while ash radial and axial distributions have minor effects. At known ash and substrate property, DPF performance can be optimized according the sensitivity map developed from this study. DPF model is beneficial to interpret the experimental observations and it is applied to predict the effects of certain factors, like flow rate and deposit level, on DPF performance. At the same time, modeling results are useful in optimizing the design of the combined engine-aftertreatment-lubricant system for future diesel engines and in understanding the requirements for robust aftertreatment systems.
Book Synopsis Filtration and Regeneration Mechanisms in Diesel Particulate Filters Influence on Filter Performance by : Niklas M. Schmidt
Download or read book Filtration and Regeneration Mechanisms in Diesel Particulate Filters Influence on Filter Performance written by Niklas M. Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Filter Retrofit for All Diesel Engines by : Andreas Mayer
Download or read book Particle Filter Retrofit for All Diesel Engines written by Andreas Mayer and published by expert verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Passive Regeneration by : Michael James Bahr (Nav. E.)
Download or read book Passive Regeneration written by Michael James Bahr (Nav. E.) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel particulate filters (DPF) have seen widespread growth as an effective means for meeting increasingly rigorous particle emissions regulations. There is growing interest to exploit passive regeneration of DPFs to reduce fuel consumption accompanying traditional active regeneration. Incombustible material or ash, mainly derived from metallic additives in the engine lubricant, accumulates in the DPF over time. This ash accumulation increases flow restriction and rise in pressure drop across the DPF. The growth of pressure drop adversely impacts engine performance and fuel economy. This study built upon previous research to evaluate the different effects of regeneration strategy on ash packing and distribution within DPFs. Since passive regeneration relies on a catalyzed reaction, the interactions of ash with the catalyst will play an important role. Passive regeneration is specifically dependent on exhaust feed gas composition, exhaust conditions including temperature and flow rate, catalyst type and configuration, and the state of DPF loading during prior to passive regeneration. The goal of the study is to address the long-term effects of regeneration parameters on ash accumulations and the resulting impact of ash on the DPF catalyst performance. Experiments were conducted that focused on pressure drop measurements over the lifetime of diesel particulate filters with different regeneration methods coupled with post mortem ash characterization. These experiments provide insight to how these regeneration methods impact the DPF performance. These results, among few fundamental data of this kind, correlate changes in diesel particulate filter performance with exhaust conditions, regeneration strategy, and ash morphological characteristics. Outcomes are useful in optimizing the design of the combined engine-aftertreatment- lubricant system for future diesel engines, balancing the necessities of additives for adequate engine protection with the requirements for robust aftertreatment systems.
Book Synopsis A Computational Model Describing the Performance of a Ceramic Diesel Particulate Trap in Steady-state Operation and Over a Transient Cycle by : Satish B. Gadde
Download or read book A Computational Model Describing the Performance of a Ceramic Diesel Particulate Trap in Steady-state Operation and Over a Transient Cycle written by Satish B. Gadde and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vehicle Propulsion Systems by : Lino Guzzella
Download or read book Vehicle Propulsion Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this text have written a comprehensive introduction to the modeling and optimization problems encountered when designing new propulsion systems for passenger cars. It is intended for persons interested in the analysis and optimization of vehicle propulsion systems. Its focus is on the control-oriented mathematical description of the physical processes and on the model-based optimization of the system structure and of the supervisory control algorithms.
Book Synopsis Micro-scale Investigation of Filtration Velocity and Particulate Matter Characteristics Effects on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading by : Renato A. Yapaulo
Download or read book Micro-scale Investigation of Filtration Velocity and Particulate Matter Characteristics Effects on Diesel Particulate Filter Wall Loading written by Renato A. Yapaulo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fuel Efficient Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Modeling and Development by :
Download or read book Fuel Efficient Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Modeling and Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project described in this report seeks to promote effective diesel particulate filter technology with minimum fuel penalty by enhancing fundamental understanding of filtration mechanisms through targeted experiments and computer simulations. The overall backpressure of a filtration system depends upon complex interactions of particulate matter and ash with the microscopic pores in filter media. Better characterization of these phenomena is essential for exhaust system optimization. The acicular mullite (ACM) diesel particulate filter substrate is under continuing development by Dow Automotive. ACM is made up of long mullite crystals which intersect to form filter wall framework and protrude from the wall surface into the DPF channels. ACM filters have been demonstrated to effectively remove diesel exhaust particles while maintaining relatively low backpressure. Modeling approaches developed for more conventional ceramic filter materials, such as silicon carbide and cordierite, have been difficult to apply to ACM because of properties arising from its unique microstructure. Penetration of soot into the high-porosity region of projecting crystal structures leads to a somewhat extended depth filtration mode, but with less dramatic increases in pressure drop than are normally observed during depth filtration in cordierite or silicon carbide filters. Another consequence is greater contact between the soot and solid surfaces, which may enhance the action of some catalyst coatings in filter regeneration. The projecting crystals appear to provide a two-fold benefit for maintaining low backpressures during filter loading: they help prevent soot from being forced into the throats of pores in the lower porosity region of the filter wall, and they also tend to support the forming filter cake, resulting in lower average cake density and higher permeability. Other simulations suggest that soot deposits may also tend to form at the tips of projecting crystals due to the axial velocity component of exhaust moving down the filter inlet channel. Soot mass collected in this way would have a smaller impact on backpressure than soot forced into the flow restrictions deeper in the porous wall structure. This project has focused on the development of computational, analytical, and experimental techniques that are generally applicable to a wide variety of exhaust aftertreatment technologies. By helping to develop improved fundamental understanding pore-scale phenomena affecting filtration, soot oxidation, and NOX abatement, this cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) has also assisted Dow Automotive in continuing development and commercialization of the ACM filter substrate. Over the course of this research project, ACM filters were successfully deployed on the Audi R10 TDI racecar which won the 24 Hours of LeMans endurance race in 2006, 2007, and 2008; and the 12 Hours of Sebring endurance race in 2006 and 2007. It would not have been possible for the R10 to compete in these traditionally gasoline-dominated events without reliable and effective exhaust particulate filtration. These successes demonstrated not only the performance of automotive diesel engines, but the efficacy of DPF technology as it was being deployed around the world to meet new emissions standards on consumer vehicles. During the course of this CRADA project, Dow Automotive commercialized their ACM DPF technology under the AERIFYTM DPF brand.
Book Synopsis A Study of the Filtration and Regeneration Characteristics of a Catalyzed Wall-flow Diesel Particulate Filter by : Cuong T. Huynh
Download or read book A Study of the Filtration and Regeneration Characteristics of a Catalyzed Wall-flow Diesel Particulate Filter written by Cuong T. Huynh and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Integrated Diesel Engine, Emissions, and Aftertreatment System Level Model by : Stephen B. England
Download or read book Development of an Integrated Diesel Engine, Emissions, and Aftertreatment System Level Model written by Stephen B. England and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
