A Comparative Study Of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Flow Impingement In Steam Reforming Reactors

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A Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Flow Impingement in Steam-reforming Reactors

Author : Ian Kah Kidh Sit
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267760036
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Flow Impingement in Steam-reforming Reactors by : Ian Kah Kidh Sit

Download or read book A Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Flow Impingement in Steam-reforming Reactors written by Ian Kah Kidh Sit and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the enhancement of heat transfer in steam reformation reactors through the application of flow impingement in the catalyst bed. For steam reformation, it is known that the ability to convert hydrocarbons to hydrogen can be limited by heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical kinetics. In this study, it is presented that flow impingement can be used to increase heat transfer in steam reformation through reduction of boundary layers and passive mixing. It is also presented that flow impingement could benefit mass transfer limitations through the same passive mixing, as well as increase chemical kinetics through enhanced heat transfer to reaction sites. As such, this study analyzes and compares the performance of a flow impinging catalyst, which consists of a novel structure, to that of a typical pelletized catalyst. The effects of flow impingement are experimentally investigated in conjunction with varied feedstock flow rates and reactor volumes. Their effects on reactor fuel conversion, temperature profile, heat transfer, characteristic time, and pressure drop are analyzed and studied. An empirical model for reactor performance was also developed and verified. The data collected by this study quantified the effects of flow impingement on steam reformation. Comparative test results found that utilization of flow impingement resulted in fuel conversion improvements of 1.1%-2.6%. In addition, experimental results also found improvements to the average heat transfer coefficients between reactors were 12%-21% when flow impingement was used. As such, it was determined that flow impingement could enhance heat transfer within the catalyst bed of a reactor, but this did not directly correlate with a similar improvement to fuel conversion. However, the application of flow impingement resulted in a 5%-15% decrease in characteristic conversion times, thus, confirming an overall improvement. It was concluded by this study that flow impingement could be an effective mechanism for enhancing heat transfer within steam reformation reactors; however, additional research on the efficacy of the employed flow schemes was recommended for enhancing overall performance of the process.

An Exploration of Flow Deflection and Heated Length for Pelletized and Structured Catalysts in Steam-reforming Reactors

Author : Kevin Chua Uy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321213157
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis An Exploration of Flow Deflection and Heated Length for Pelletized and Structured Catalysts in Steam-reforming Reactors by : Kevin Chua Uy

Download or read book An Exploration of Flow Deflection and Heated Length for Pelletized and Structured Catalysts in Steam-reforming Reactors written by Kevin Chua Uy and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the application of heat transfer enhancement via flow deflection in steam reforming reactors. A proprietary monolith catalyst technology, known as ZoneFlow, is compared against commercially used pelletized nickel catalyst. Their performance is quantified using hydrogen concentration, fuel conversion, hydrogen yield, and reactor outlet temperature as the main outputs. In previous studies, it was found that the ZoneFlow catalyst showed a 1.1 - 2.6% improvement in fuel conversion, a 7.8 - 12.9% improvement in reactor outlet temperature, and a 33% decrease in pressure drop when compared to the pelletized nickel catalyst. Due to this marked improvement, further research was conducted comparing the ZoneFlow catalyst to the pelletized nickel catalyst.The study is split into two parts. The first half of the study investigates several different reactor configurations of the ZoneFlow catalyst. The ZoneFlow assembly consists of two main components: the "core" and the "casing". The core consists of a stack of perforated cones, while the casing is a series of centripetal and centrifugal channels which induce passive mixing by directing flow into and away from the reactor wall. In this study, the core was changed multiple times in an attempt to improve reactor performance. The resulting best configuration was a core nearly identical to the original design, except utilizing perforated holes of approximately half the original diameter. The second half of the study investigates the effect of packed bed length, heated length, and upstream heating on the ZoneFlow catalyst. For this investigation the length of the packed bed as well as the heated length of the reactor is changed, with the effect on reactor performance observed. It was discovered that the ZoneFlow catalyst is much more sensitive to changes in heated length versus the pelletized nickel catalyst, with an overall negative impact on reactor output performance compared to previous studies. Despite this, the ZoneFlow catalyst still showed up to 2.2% improvement in hydrogen outlet concentration, up to 3% improvement in both fuel conversion and hydrogen yield, and a 2.6 - 7.6% improvement in reactor outlet temperature compared to the pelletized nickel catalyst. From these results, it was concluded that the ZoneFlow catalyst, over a range of specific operating conditions, is capable of improving steam reactor performance when compared to the pelletized nickel catalyst.

Heat Transfer Enhancement of Tubular Flow Reactor

Author : Horran Yao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Heat Transfer Enhancement of Tubular Flow Reactor by : Horran Yao

Download or read book Heat Transfer Enhancement of Tubular Flow Reactor written by Horran Yao and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Detailed Study of Flow and Surface Heat Transfer Enhancement Mechanism in the Presence of Dimples And/or Protrusions

Author : Gaurav Gupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Detailed Study of Flow and Surface Heat Transfer Enhancement Mechanism in the Presence of Dimples And/or Protrusions by : Gaurav Gupta

Download or read book Detailed Study of Flow and Surface Heat Transfer Enhancement Mechanism in the Presence of Dimples And/or Protrusions written by Gaurav Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advancements in material technology have led to the development of nonporous negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) materials (also called auxetic structures) by making spherical inline dimples on both sides of an elastic sheet. Manufacturing technologies such as 3-D printing and additive manufacturing paved the way to realize the complex shapes needed to achieve NPR behavior. These materials are desirable in many engineering applications, especially in the gas turbines hot-gas-path, due to their unique properties. In the current study, an effort is made to understand the flow physics and surface heat transfer mechanism for channel flow having one wall with spherical dimples and protrusions. An equivalent geometry, with dimples on both sides of the flat sheet with density beyond a certain threshold, would have NPR characteristics. Furthermore, dimples and protrusions are also studied in isolation to understand what key differences are brought by the combination of these two. Flow field measurements, in-and-around these features, are done using the stereoscopic PIV. The transient TLC method is used for local surface heat transfer measurement. Numerical simulations, steady RANS, URANS, and LES, are used in conjunction with experimental data to develop a detailed understanding of the flow field and surface heat transfer. A comparison of experimental measurements and numerical simulations identifies the areas for improvement in numerical modeling of the flow field and surface heat transfer in the presence of such geometries. The friction factor measurement along with heat transfer is used to characterize the thermal performance factor (TPF) of each geometry for a range of Reynolds number. The novelty of this work is the inline arrangement of features and first-of-its-kind PIV measurement for dimples-protrusions. The understanding developed from this work can easily be utilized for designing components involving NPR materials with dimples-protrusions.

Applied Mechanics Reviews

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Mechanics Reviews by :

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Process Intensification

Author : David Reay
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0080983057
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Process Intensification by : David Reay

Download or read book Process Intensification written by David Reay and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process Intensification: Engineering for Efficiency, Sustainability and Flexibility is the first book to provide a practical working guide to understanding process intensification (PI) and developing successful PI solutions and applications in chemical process, civil, environmental, energy, pharmaceutical, biological, and biochemical systems. Process intensification is a chemical and process design approach that leads to substantially smaller, cleaner, safer, and more energy efficient process technology. It improves process flexibility, product quality, speed to market and inherent safety, with a reduced environmental footprint. This book represents a valuable resource for engineers working with leading-edge process technologies, and those involved research and development of chemical, process, environmental, pharmaceutical, and bioscience systems. No other reference covers both the technology and application of PI, addressing fundamentals, industry applications, and including a development and implementation guide Covers hot and high growth topics, including emission prevention, sustainable design, and pinch analysis World-class authors: Colin Ramshaw pioneered PI at ICI and is widely credited as the father of the technology

Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts by :

Download or read book Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Hydrogen Economy

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091632
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Economy by : National Academy of Engineering

Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The announcement of a hydrogen fuel initiative in the President's 2003 State of the Union speech substantially increased interest in the potential for hydrogen to play a major role in the nation's long-term energy future. Prior to that event, DOE asked the National Research Council to examine key technical issues about the hydrogen economy to assist in the development of its hydrogen R&D program. Included in the assessment were the current state of technology; future cost estimates; CO2 emissions; distribution, storage, and end use considerations; and the DOE RD&D program. The report provides an assessment of hydrogen as a fuel in the nation's future energy economy and describes a number of important challenges that must be overcome if it is to make a major energy contribution. Topics covered include the hydrogen end-use technologies, transportation, hydrogen production technologies, and transition issues for hydrogen in vehicles.

Compact Heat Exchangers

Author : J.E. Hesselgreaves
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080529542
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Compact Heat Exchangers by : J.E. Hesselgreaves

Download or read book Compact Heat Exchangers written by J.E. Hesselgreaves and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-05-08 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the ideas and industrial concepts in compact heat exchanger technology that have been developed in the last 10 years or so. Historically, the development and application of compact heat exchangers and their surfaces has taken place in a piecemeal fashion in a number of rather unrelated areas, principally those of the automotive and prime mover, aerospace, cryogenic and refrigeration sectors. Much detailed technology, familiar in one sector, progressed only slowly over the boundary into another sector. This compartmentalisation was a feature both of the user industries themselves, and also of the supplier, or manufacturing industries. These barriers are now breaking down, with valuable cross-fertilisation taking place. One of the industrial sectors that is waking up to the challenges of compact heat exchangers is that broadly defined as the process sector. If there is a bias in the book, it is towards this sector. Here, in many cases, the technical challenges are severe, since high pressures and temperatures are often involved, and working fluids can be corrosive, reactive or toxic. The opportunities, however, are correspondingly high, since compacts can offer a combination of lower capital or installed cost, lower temperature differences (and hence running costs), and lower inventory. In some cases they give the opportunity for a radical re-think of the process design, by the introduction of process intensification (PI) concepts such as combining process elements in one unit. An example of this is reaction and heat exchange, which offers, among other advantages, significantly lower by-product production.To stimulate future research, the author includes coverage of hitherto neglected approaches, such as that of the Second Law (of Thermodynamics), pioneered by Bejan and co- workers. The justification for this is that there is increasing interest in life-cycle and sustainable approaches to industrial activity as a whole, often involving exergy (Second Law) analysis. Heat exchangers, being fundamental components of energy and process systems, are both savers and spenders of exergy, according to interpretation.

Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers

Author : Carl Branan
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780750675673
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (756 download)

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Book Synopsis Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers by : Carl Branan

Download or read book Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers written by Carl Branan and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractionators, separators and accumulators, cooling towers, gas treating, blending, troubleshooting field cases, gas solubility, and density of irregular solids * Hundreds of common sense techniques, shortcuts, and calculations.

Current Awareness in Particle Technology

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Current Awareness in Particle Technology by :

Download or read book Current Awareness in Particle Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design

Author : Ramesh K. Shah
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471321712
Total Pages : 978 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design by : Ramesh K. Shah

Download or read book Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design written by Ramesh K. Shah and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-08-11 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and unique source integrates the material usually distributed among a half a dozen sources. * Presents a unified approach to modeling of new designs and develops the skills for complex engineering analysis. * Provides industrial insight to the applications of the basic theory developed.

Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds

Author : Noriaki Wakao
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780677058603
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (586 download)

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Book Synopsis Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds by : Noriaki Wakao

Download or read book Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds written by Noriaki Wakao and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1982 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1982. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Contemporary Catalysis

Author : Julian R.H. Ross
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0081000529
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Catalysis by : Julian R.H. Ross

Download or read book Contemporary Catalysis written by Julian R.H. Ross and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary Catalysis: Fundamentals and Current Applications deals with the fundamentals and modern practical applications of catalysis. Topics addressed include historical development and the importance of heterogeneous catalysis in the modern world, surfaces and adsorption, the catalyst (preparation and characterization), the reactor (integral and differential reactors, etc.), and an introduction to spectroscopic and thermal characterization techniques. Building on this foundation, the book continues with chapters on important industrial processes, potential processes and separate chapters on syngas production, Fischer Tropsch synthesis, petroleum refining, environmental protection, and biomass conversion. Contemporary Catalysis is an essential resource for chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers, as well as graduate and post graduate students in catalysis and reaction engineering. Covers all aspects of catalysis in a carefully organized text Includes material on historical development Provides a wide range of student tasks, case studies, and supplementary, web-based materials that are regularly updated

Industrial Microwave Heating

Author : A. C. Metaxas
Publisher : IET
ISBN 13 : 9780906048894
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Industrial Microwave Heating by : A. C. Metaxas

Download or read book Industrial Microwave Heating written by A. C. Metaxas and published by IET. This book was released on 1983 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a broad coverage of the theory and practice of industrial microwave heating. It introduces the physical processes behind dipolar and conductivity loss mechanisms and follows with a thorough presentation of dielectric property data of many industrial materials as a function of the moisture content, temperature and frequency, focussing on the interpretation of such data as regards the suitabiliy for processing these materials with microwave energy. The basic equations which govern the power dissipation, attenuation, phase constant, penetration depth and skin depth are derived from first principles while the transport equations of heat, mass and pressure are qualitatively described, giving particular emphasis to the physical mechanisms behind high frequency drying. The book provides established procedures backed by theoretical formulations for the design of industrial travelling wave and multimode applicators. It also provides extensive coverage of single mode fundamental or higher order resonant cavities and outlines a number of atypical applicator structures. It describes the essential features of processing with microwaves under vacuum and presents a brief introduction to the mechanisms which lead to gas breakdown. It stresses the need for a degree of hybridisation with other electrical or conventional heating systems and discusses a few such schemes. The book outlines a number of systems for limiting leakage from on-line industrial microwave systems and concludes with an extensive discussion of successful industrial applications.

The Fundamentals of Process Intensification

Author : Andrzej Stankiewicz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527680152
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fundamentals of Process Intensification by : Andrzej Stankiewicz

Download or read book The Fundamentals of Process Intensification written by Andrzej Stankiewicz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook covering the fundamentals and industry applications of process intensification (PI) discusses both the theoretical and conceptual basis of the discipline. Since interdisciplinarity is a key feature of PI, the material contained in the book reaches far beyond the classical area of chemical engineering. Developments in other relevant disciplines, such as chemistry, catalysis, energy technology, applied physics, electronics and materials science, are extensively described and discussed, while maintaining a chemical engineering perspective. Divided into three major parts, the first introduces the PI principles in detail and illustrates them using practical examples. The second part is entirely devoted to fundamental approaches of PI in four domains: spatial, thermodynamic, functional and temporal. The third and final part explores the methodology for applying fundamental PI approaches in practice. As well as detailing technologies, the book focuses on safety, energy and environmental issues, giving guidance on how to incorporate PI in plant design and operation -- safely, efficiently and effectively.

Membranes for Membrane Reactors

Author : Angelo Basile
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470977574
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Membranes for Membrane Reactors by : Angelo Basile

Download or read book Membranes for Membrane Reactors written by Angelo Basile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-20 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A membrane reactor is a device for simultaneously performing a reaction and a membrane-based separation in the same physical device. Therefore, the membrane not only plays the role of a separator, but also takes place in the reaction itself. This text covers, in detail, the preparation and characterisation of all types of membranes used in membranes reactors. Each membrane synthesis process used by membranologists is explained by well known scientists in their specific research field. The book opens with an exhaustive review and introduction to membrane reactors, introducing the recent advances in this field. The following chapters concern the preparation of both organic and inorganic, and in both cases, a deep analysis of all the techniques used to prepare membrane are presented and discussed. A brief historical introduction for each technique is also included, followed by a complete description of the technique as well as the main results presented in the international specialized literature. In order to give to the reader a summary look to the overall work, a conclusive chapter is included for collecting all the information presented in the previous chapters. Key features: Fills a gap in the market for a scientific book describing the preparation and characterization of all the kind of membranes used in membrane reactors Discusses an important topic - there is increasing emphasis on membranes in general, due to their use as energy efficient separation tools and the ‘green’ chemistry opportunities they offer Includes a review about membrane reactors, several chapters concerning the preparation organic, inorganic, dense, porous, and composite membranes and a conclusion with a comparison among the different membrane preparation techniques