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A Combined Global And Local Methodology For Launch Vehicle Trajectory Design Space Exploration And Optimization
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Book Synopsis A Combined Global and Local Methodology for Launch Vehicle Trajectory Design-space Exploration and Optimization by : Michael J. Steffens
Download or read book A Combined Global and Local Methodology for Launch Vehicle Trajectory Design-space Exploration and Optimization written by Michael J. Steffens and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trajectory optimization is an important part of launch vehicle design and operation. With the high costs of launching payload into orbit, every pound that can be saved increases affordability. One way to save weight in launch vehicle design and operation is by optimizing the ascent trajectory. Launch vehicle trajectory optimization is a field that has been studied since the 1950's. Originally, analytic solutions were sought because computers were slow and inefficient. With the advent of computers, however, different algorithms were developed for the purpose of trajectory optimization. Computer resources were still limited, and as such the algorithms were limited to local optimization methods, which can get stuck in specific regions of the design space. Local methods for trajectory optimization have been well studied and developed. Computer technology continues to advance, and in recent years global optimization has become available for application to a wide variety of problems, including trajectory optimization. The aim of this thesis is to create a methodology that applies global optimization to the trajectory optimization problem. Using information from a global search, the optimization design space can be reduced and a much smaller design space can be analyzed using already existing local methods. This allows for areas of interest in the design space to be identified and further studied and helps overcome the fact that many local methods can get stuck in local optima. The design space included in trajectory optimization is also considered in this thesis. The typical optimization variables are initial conditions and flight control variables. For direct optimization methods, the trajectory phase structure is currently chosen a priori. Including trajectory phase structure variables in the optimization process can yield better solutions. The methodology and phase structure optimization is demonstrated using an earth-to-orbit trajectory of a Delta IV Medium launch vehicle. Different methods of performing the global search and reducing the design space are compared. Local optimization is performed using the industry standard trajectory optimization tool POST. Finally, methods for varying the trajectory phase structure are presented and the results are compared.
Book Synopsis Launch Vehicle Design Process: Characterization, Technical Integration, and Lessons Learned by : J. C. Blair
Download or read book Launch Vehicle Design Process: Characterization, Technical Integration, and Lessons Learned written by J. C. Blair and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Trajectory Optimization Approach for Space Maneuver Vehicle Skip Entry Problems by : Runqi Chai
Download or read book Design of Trajectory Optimization Approach for Space Maneuver Vehicle Skip Entry Problems written by Runqi Chai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the design of optimal trajectories for space maneuver vehicles (SMVs) using optimal control-based techniques. It begins with a comprehensive introduction to and overview of three main approaches to trajectory optimization, and subsequently focuses on the design of a novel hybrid optimization strategy that combines an initial guess generator with an improved gradient-based inner optimizer. Further, it highlights the development of multi-objective spacecraft trajectory optimization problems, with a particular focus on multi-objective transcription methods and multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. In its final sections, the book studies spacecraft flight scenarios with noise-perturbed dynamics and probabilistic constraints, and designs and validates new chance-constrained optimal control frameworks. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of practical issues in spacecraft trajectory optimization is one of the book’s major features, making it particularly suited for readers who are seeking practical solutions in spacecraft trajectory optimization. It offers a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in GNC systems, engineering optimization, applied optimal control theory, etc.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Optimization in Space Engineering by : Giorgio Fasano
Download or read book Modeling and Optimization in Space Engineering written by Giorgio Fasano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-10 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents advanced case studies that address a range of important issues arising in space engineering. An overview of challenging operational scenarios is presented, with an in-depth exposition of related mathematical modeling, algorithmic and numerical solution aspects. The model development and optimization approaches discussed in the book can be extended also towards other application areas. The topics discussed illustrate current research trends and challenges in space engineering as summarized by the following list: • Next Generation Gravity Missions • Continuous-Thrust Trajectories by Evolutionary Neurocontrol • Nonparametric Importance Sampling for Launcher Stage Fallout • Dynamic System Control Dispatch • Optimal Launch Date of Interplanetary Missions • Optimal Topological Design • Evidence-Based Robust Optimization • Interplanetary Trajectory Design by Machine Learning • Real-Time Optimal Control • Optimal Finite Thrust Orbital Transfers • Planning and Scheduling of Multiple Satellite Missions • Trajectory Performance Analysis • Ascent Trajectory and Guidance Optimization • Small Satellite Attitude Determination and Control • Optimized Packings in Space Engineering • Time-Optimal Transfers of All-Electric GEO Satellites Researchers working on space engineering applications will find this work a valuable, practical source of information. Academics, graduate and post-graduate students working in aerospace, engineering, applied mathematics, operations research, and optimal control will find useful information regarding model development and solution techniques, in conjunction with real-world applications.
Book Synopsis Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization by : Bruce A. Conway
Download or read book Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization written by Bruce A. Conway and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a long-overdue volume dedicated to space trajectory optimization. Interest in the subject has grown, as space missions of increasing levels of sophistication, complexity, and scientific return - hardly imaginable in the 1960s - have been designed and flown. Although the basic tools of optimization theory remain an accepted canon, there has been a revolution in the manner in which they are applied and in the development of numerical optimization. This volume purposely includes a variety of both analytical and numerical approaches to trajectory optimization. The choice of authors has been guided by the editor's intention to assemble the most expert and active researchers in the various specialities presented. The authors were given considerable freedom to choose their subjects, and although this may yield a somewhat eclectic volume, it also yields chapters written with palpable enthusiasm and relevance to contemporary problems.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Trajectory Planning and Guidance Control for Launch Vehicles by : Zhengyu Song
Download or read book Autonomous Trajectory Planning and Guidance Control for Launch Vehicles written by Zhengyu Song and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-15 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book highlights the autonomous and intelligent flight control of future launch vehicles for improving flight autonomy to plan ascent and descent trajectories onboard, and autonomously handle unexpected events or failures during the flight. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, space launch activities worldwide have grown vigorously. Meanwhile, commercial launches also account for the booming trend. Unfortunately, the risk of space launches still exists and is gradually increasing in line with the rapidly rising launch activities and commercial rockets. In the history of space launches, propulsion and control systems are the two main contributors to launch failures. With the development of information technologies, the increase of the functional density of hardware products, the application of redundant or fault-tolerant solutions, and the improvement of the testability of avionics, the launch losses caused by control systems exhibit a downward trend, and the failures induced by propulsion systems become the focus of attention. Under these failures, the autonomous planning and guidance control may save the missions. This book focuses on the latest progress of relevant projects and academic studies of autonomous guidance, especially on some advanced methods which can be potentially real-time implemented in the future control system of launch vehicles. In Chapter 1, the prospect and technical challenges are summarized by reviewing the development of launch vehicles. Chapters 2 to 4 mainly focus on the flight in the ascent phase, in which the autonomous guidance is mainly reflected in the online planning. Chapters 5 and 6 mainly discuss the powered descent guidance technologies. Finally, since aerodynamic uncertainties exert a significant impact on the performance of the ascent / landing guidance control systems, the estimation of aerodynamic parameters, which are helpful to improve flight autonomy, is discussed in Chapter 7. The book serves as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working on launch vehicles. It is also a timely source of information for graduate students interested in the subject.
Book Synopsis Reusable Launch Vehicle by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reusable Launch Vehicle written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-01-08 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to opening the use of space to private enterprise and to broader public uses lies in reducing the cost of the transportation to space. More routine, affordable access to space will entail aircraft-like quick turnaround and reliable operations. Currently, the space Shuttle is the only reusable launch vehicle, and even parts of it are expendable while other parts require frequent and extensive refurbishment. NASA's highest priority new activity, the Reusable Launch Vehicle program, is directed toward developing technologies to enable a new generation of space launchers, perhaps but not necessarily with single stage to orbit capability. This book assesses whether the technology development, test and analysis programs in propulsion and materials-related technologies are properly constituted to provide the information required to support a December 1996 decision to build the X-33, a technology demonstrator vehicle; and suggest, as appropriate, necessary changes in these programs to ensure that they will support vehicle feasibility goals.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721938148 Total Pages :262 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (381 download)
Book Synopsis Launch Vehicle Design Process by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Launch Vehicle Design Process written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering design is a challenging activity for any product. Since launch vehicles are highly complex and interconnected and have extreme energy densities, their design represents a challenge of the highest order. The purpose of this document is to delineate and clarify the design process associated with the launch vehicle for space flight transportation. The goal is to define and characterize a baseline for the space transportation design process. This baseline can be used as a basis for improving effectiveness and efficiency of the design process. The baseline characterization is achieved via compartmentalization and technical integration of subsystems, design functions, and discipline functions. First, a global design process overview is provided in order to show responsibility, interactions, and connectivity of overall aspects of the design process. Then design essentials are delineated in order to emphasize necessary features of the design process that are sometimes overlooked. Finally the design process characterization is presented. This is accomplished by considering project technical framework, technical integration, process description (technical integration model, subsystem tree, design/discipline planes, decision gates, and tasks), and the design sequence. Also included in the document are a snapshot relating to process improvements, illustrations of the process, a survey of recommendations from experienced practitioners in aerospace, lessons learned, references, and a bibliography. Blair, J. C. and Ryan, R. S. and Schutzenhofer, L. A. and Humphries, W. R. Marshall Space Flight Center
Book Synopsis Space Vehicle Design by : Michael Douglas Griffin
Download or read book Space Vehicle Design written by Michael Douglas Griffin and published by AIAA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781720610212 Total Pages :36 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (12 download)
Book Synopsis Launch Vehicle Design and Optimization Methods and Priority for the Advanced Engineering Environment by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Launch Vehicle Design and Optimization Methods and Priority for the Advanced Engineering Environment written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-03 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's Advanced Engineering Environment (AEE) is a research and development program that will improve collaboration among design engineers for launch vehicle conceptual design and provide the infrastructure (methods and framework) necessary to enable that environment. In this paper, three major technical challenges facing the AEE program are identified, and three specific design problems are selected to demonstrate how advanced methods can improve current design activities. References are made to studies that demonstrate these design problems and methods, and these studies will provide the detailed information and check cases to support incorporation of these methods into the AEE. This paper provides background and terminology for discussing the launch vehicle conceptual design problem so that the diverse AEE user community can participate in prioritizing the AEE development effort.Rowell, Lawrence F. and Korte, John J.Langley Research CenterLAUNCH VEHICLES; SYSTEMS ENGINEERING; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION; SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; STOCHASTIC PROCESSES; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; EXPERIMENT DESIGN; CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781720610267 Total Pages :86 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (12 download)
Book Synopsis Launch Vehicle Design Process Description and Training Formulation by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Launch Vehicle Design Process Description and Training Formulation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary NASA priority is to reduce the cost and improve the effectiveness of launching payloads into space. As a consequence, significant improvements are being sought in the effectiveness, cost, and schedule of the launch vehicle design process. In order to provide a basis for understanding and improving the current design process, a model has been developed for this complex, interactive process, as reported in the references. This model requires further expansion in some specific design functions. Also, a training course for less-experienced engineers is needed to provide understanding of the process, to provide guidance for its effective implementation, and to provide a basis for major improvements in launch vehicle design process technology. The objective of this activity is to expand the description of the design process to include all pertinent design functions, and to develop a detailed outline of a training course on the design process for launch vehicles for use in educating engineers whose experience with the process has been minimal. Building on a previously-developed partial design process description, parallel sections have been written for the Avionics Design Function, the Materials Design Function, and the Manufacturing Design Function. Upon inclusion of these results, the total process description will be released as a NASA TP. The design function sections herein include descriptions of the design function responsibilities, interfaces, interactive processes, decisions (gates), and tasks. Associated figures include design function planes, gates, and tasks, along with other pertinent graphics. Also included is an expanded discussion of how the design process is divided, or compartmentalized, into manageable parts to achieve efficient and effective design. A detailed outline for an intensive two-day course on the launch vehicle design process has been developed herein, and is available for further expansion. The course is in an interactive lecture/wor
Book Synopsis Collaborative Design Environment for Space Launch Vehicle Design and Optimization by : Mark D. Stevenson
Download or read book Collaborative Design Environment for Space Launch Vehicle Design and Optimization written by Mark D. Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like all organizations, the Air Force is interested in conducting its vehicle studies as quickly as possible with as high fidelity an analysis as is feasible and with a proven, repeatable design and analysis process. This research is in support of an approach formulated by engineers at Wright Patterson Air Force Base who seek to integrate design and analysis tools into a collaborative, network-distributed design environment. The benefits of using an integrated design environment to reduce the time and potential errors associated with the transfer of data between design and analysis codes are well documented. This research presents the integration of an initial set of space access and future strike vehicle analysis codes designed to improve the entire conceptual-level design process and documents the advantages of using the tools in a collaborative, network-distributed environment. This paper focuses on the design environment including geometry modeling, object design, discipline interactions, and design tools built for this effort including weight, propulsion, and trajectory analysis.
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Launch Vehicle Design and Trajectory Optimization by : Veena Savithri Dorairajan
Download or read book Synthesis of Launch Vehicle Design and Trajectory Optimization written by Veena Savithri Dorairajan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information Flow in the Launch Vehicle Design/Analysis Process by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Information Flow in the Launch Vehicle Design/Analysis Process written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by . This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the results of a team effort aimed at defining the information flow between disciplines at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) engaged in the design of space launch vehicles. The information flow is modeled at a first level and is described using three types of templates: an N x N diagram, discipline flow diagrams, and discipline task descriptions. It is intended to provide engineers with an understanding of the connections between what they do and where it fits in the overall design process of the project. It is also intended to provide design managers with a better understanding of information flow in the launch vehicle design cycle.Humphries, W. R., Sr. and Holland, W. and Bishop, R.Marshall Space Flight CenterINFORMATION FLOW; DESIGN ANALYSIS; LAUNCH VEHICLES; OPTIMIZATION; SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING; SPACE TRANSPORTATION...
Book Synopsis Validated Global Multiobjective Optimization of Trajectories in Nonlinear Dynamical Systems by : Thomas Merritt Coffee
Download or read book Validated Global Multiobjective Optimization of Trajectories in Nonlinear Dynamical Systems written by Thomas Merritt Coffee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We introduce a new approach for global multiobjective optimization of trajectories in continuous nonlinear dynamical systems that can provide rigorous, arbitrarily tight bounds on the objective values and state paths realized by (Pareto-)optimal trajectories. By controlling all sources of error, our resulting method is the first global trajectory optimization method that can reliably handle nonconvex nonlinear dynamical systems with substantial instabilities, such as the notoriously ill-behaved multi-body gravitational systems governing interplanetary space trajectories. Rigorous finite-dimensional global optimization methods based on space partitioning (branch and bound) do not directly extend to infinite-dimensional problems of trajectory optimization, lacking a way to exhaustively partition an infinite-dimensional space. Thus existing generic methods for deterministic global trajectory optimization rely on direct discretization of the control variables, if not also the state variables. While the resulting errors may prove inconsequential for relatively stable (conservative/dissipative) systems, they severely influence results in unstable systems that arise in many aerospace applications, and whose chaotic sensitivities offer great potential for inexpensive trajectory control. In order to achieve higher accuracy, current programs for interplanetary trajectory optimization typically use problem-specific control parameterizations with local optimization methods (commonly, multiple shooting with sequential quadratic programming), combined with stochastic or expert-guided sampling to seek global optimality. This approach substantially relies on pre-existing intuition about the character of optimal solutions, and provides no guarantees on the global optimality of solutions obtained. The requirements for expert guidance and judgment of uncertainties tend to drive up costs and restrict innovation for the trajectory solutions that play a crucial role in early conceptual design for deep space missions. The thesis takes a new approach to avoid unaccountable discretization errors. Using a specially designed exhaustive partition of the (finite-dimensional) state space into subregions, we construct a finite transition graph between these subregions, such that each trajectory of interest maps to a finite path (transition sequence) in the graph, where each transition trajectory lies in a local state space neighborhood of its corresponding subregions. For any such path, the cost of any corresponding trajectory can be bounded below by the sum of lower bounds on the cost of each stepwise transition. Provided that the transition bounds converge to exact bounds with increasing refinement of the state space partition, an adaptive refinement can produce asymptotically convergent bounds on optimal trajectories. We compute a lower bound on each stepwise transition between state subregions by a novel "interval linearization" technique that simultaneously considers all possible trajectories between two subregions that lie within a local neighborhood. This technique first linearizes the dynamics on the local neighborhood, and replaces the remaining nonlinear terms by interval enclosures of their values over the neighborhood. We then derive a nonlinear system-of-equations solution to a corresponding pointwise generalized linear optimal control problem with time-varying coefficients. Finally, using interval methods, we compute enclosures to the solutions of these equations as the coefficients for the nonlinear terms range over the previously computed enclosures on the neighborhood. This technique effectively confines the difficulties of the infinite-dimensional trajectory space to a local neighborhood, where they can be contained by rigorous approximation. While our approach can in principle be applied to compute a complete optimal control policy over the entire state space for a given target, practical efficiency in most cases demands adaptive restriction of the state space to trajectories between particular start and goal subregions. We introduce a bidirectional "bounded path" algorithm, generalizing efficient graph shortest path algorithms, which permits simultaneously identifying the shortest path(s) in the transition graph-to direct adaptive refinement-and identifying state space subregions whose intersecting path bounds exceed a threshold-to prune subregions that cannot intersect optimal trajectories. By expanding a generally nonconvex dynamical flow to a finite graph admitting this Dijkstra-like search procedure, the transition graph may be seen as "unfolding" the state space to leverage some of the same efficiencies as level-set methods for convex dynamical systems. The structure of our method yields additional practical advantages. It is the first global trajectory optimization method indifferent to the forms of the optimal controls, requiring no prior knowledge and dealing naturally with unbounded controls, singular arcs, and certain types of control constraints. By augmenting the state space to represent additional objective functions, it can provide adaptive sampling enclosures of a bounded Pareto front, directly according to the refinement of the state space and independent of further user input. Finally, its persistent data structures built on state space decomposition can provide reusable "maps" indicating regions of interest, that can jump-start refinement for related trajectory optimization problems with small variations in their defining parameters, as may readily arise in engineering design. We demonstrate the behavior of our method first on two simple trajectory optimization problems (single- and multiobjective) for illustrative purposes, and then on two more complex problems (single- and multiobjective) related to current problems of interest in astrodynamics and robotics (respectively). In each case, our results prove consistent with known or strongly conjectured solutions for these problems obtained from highly problem-specific analysis, and overcome the apparent limitations of a benchmark direct multiple shooting method. We also discuss the potential for our method to address important open problems in spaceflight trajectory optimization, given future work to improve the scalability of our implementation.
Book Synopsis Design Space Pruning Heuristics and Global Optimization Method for Conceptual Design of Low-thrust Asteroid Tour Missions by : Kristina Alemany
Download or read book Design Space Pruning Heuristics and Global Optimization Method for Conceptual Design of Low-thrust Asteroid Tour Missions written by Kristina Alemany and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric propulsion has recently become a viable technology for spacecraft, enabling shorter flight times, fewer required planetary gravity assists, larger payloads, and/or smaller launch vehicles. With the maturation of this technology, however, comes a new set of challenges in the area of trajectory design. Because low-thrust trajectory optimization has historically required long run-times and significant user-manipulation, mission design has relied on expert-based knowledge for selecting departure and arrival dates, times of flight, and/or target bodies and gravitational swing-bys. These choices are generally based on known configurations that have worked well in previous analyses or simply on trial and error. At the conceptual design level, however, the ability to explore the full extent of the design space is imperative to locating the best solutions in terms of mass and/or flight times. Beginning in 2005, the Global Trajectory Optimization Competition posed a series of difficult mission design problems, all requiring low-thrust propulsion and visiting one or more asteroids. These problems all had large ranges on the continuous variables - launch date, time of flight, and asteroid stay times (when applicable) - as well as being characterized by millions or even billions of possible asteroid sequences. Even with recent advances in low-thrust trajectory optimization, full enumeration of these problems was not possible within the stringent time limits of the competition.
